2022小学五年级英语语法知识点.docx
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1、2022小学五年级英语语法知识点小学五年级英语语法一、Be动词用法be动词(am、is、are)+not、情态动词can+ not、助动词(do、does) + not如何将一个确定的陈述句改为否定句:1、看句中有无be动词,如有,干脆在be动词后+ not。2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,干脆在情态动词后+ not。3、如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤:(1)确定陈述句中原来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。(2)确定助动词用do、does,依据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,(3)在助动词后加not
2、。(4)原句中动词假如发生改变就要复原成原形。强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。二、一般疑问句如何将一个确定的陈述句改为一般疑问句:1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都没有,就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤:(1)确定陈述句中原来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。(2)确定助动词用do还是does,依据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does(3)把助动词后提到句首。(4)原句中动词假如发生改变就要复原成原形。强调一点,有some的要考
3、虑是否要用any。三、一般将来时表示将来将要发生的动作, 常常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours time, etc. 表示将来的词联用。结构:主语+助动词will+动词原形I will go to America tomorrow.The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.变疑问句将助动词移到句首
4、Will you go to America tomorrowWill the pilot fly to Japan the month after the nextWill Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning变否定句在助动词后面加notI will not go to America tomorrow.The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.确定回答及否定
5、回答Yes, I will. / No, I will not.Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she will not.Yes, he will. / No, he will not.特别疑问句What will you do四、现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。构成: 主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.变疑问句将be动词移到句首Are we h
6、aving lunchIs he reading a bookIs the dog running after a catAre the boys swimming across the river变否定句在be动词后面加 notWe are not having lunch.He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.特别疑问句:what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词What are
7、 you doingWhat is she doingWhat is the dog doing没有进行时的动词(必背)表示状态,思想,感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作1. 表示感觉,感官的词see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has当拥有讲时没有进行时五、过去式表示过去发生的动作或事务, 常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,含有be动词的句子, 将动词变为过去式,am, is的过去式为was,are的过去式为wereI was at t
8、he butchers.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.变疑问句将be动词移动到句首Were you at the butchersWere you a student a year agoWas the teacher very beautiful ten years ago变否定句在be动词后面加notI was not at the butchers.You were not a student a year ago.The teacher was not very be
9、autiful ten years ago.确定回答否定回答Yes, I was. No, I was not.Yes, you were. No, you were not.Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.特别疑问句:What did you do(必背)不含有be动词的句子,将动词变为过去式I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.变疑问句在句首加did, 动词变为原型Did you
10、 finish your homework yesterdayDid the boy go to a restaurantDid the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago变否定句在主语和动词之间加did notI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.确定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Yes, he did. No
11、, he didnt.Yes, they did. No, they did not.六、现在完成时构成:主语+助动词have, has+过去分词用法:2) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作,常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用I have just had lunch. (饱了,不用再吃了)He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了,不用再喝)They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了,不用再)3)
12、 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时:Have you finished your homeworkHave you been to BeijingHave he seen the film4) 表示起先于过去并持续到现在的动作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 year.5) 表示一种经验,阅历:去过地方,做过事情,经验过事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinem
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