北京导游词：六大景点英文导游词之颐和园.docx

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1、北京导游词：六大景点英文导游词之颐和园 北京导游词 thetourwilltake4-6hours.therouteisasfollows: outsidetheeastgate-sidetheeastgateinfrontofthehallofbenevolenceandlongevity-infrontofgardenofvirtuousharmony-infrontofthegrandtheaterbuilding-alakesidewalkfromthegardenofvirtuousharmonytothehallojaderipples-infrontoftheojaderippl

2、es-infrontoftheyiyunguan(chamberofmortalbeing)-hallofhappinessandlongevity-infrontoftheyaoyue(chamberofmortalbeings)-hallofhappinessandlongevity-infrontoftheyaoyue(invitingthemoon)gateofthelongcorridor-strollingalongthelongcorridor-visitinganexhibitionofculturalrelics-infrontofthehallofdispellingclo

3、uds-insidethehallofdispellingclouds-atopthetowerofbuddhistincense-onahilltopleadingfromthebackdoorofthetowerofbuddhistincense-onahilltopleadingfromthebackdoorofthetowerofbuddhistincense-insidethegardenofharmoniousinterestoutsidethesouthgatetosuzhoushoppingstreet-atopthestonebridgeinsidethesuzhoushop

4、pingstreetontheroadfromthesouthgateofsuzhoushoppingstreet-ontheroadformthesouthgateofsuzhoushoppingstreettothemarbleboat-infrontoftheruinsofthegardenofcompletespringalongthelakesidebythemarbleboat-boatingonthekunminglake-leavingoutthroughtheeastgate. (outsidetheeastgate) ladiesandgentlemen:welcometo

5、thesummerpalace.(aftertheself-introductionoftheguide-interpreter)ihopethiswillbeaninterestingandenjoyabledayforyou. duringourtour,youwillbeintroducedtotimehonoredhistoricalandculturaltraditions,aswellaspicturesqueviewsandlandscapes. theconstructionofthesummerpalacefirststartedin1750.atthattime,theqi

6、ngdynastywasinitsheydayandchinawasapowerfulasiancountrywithvastterritories.themonarchinpowerthenwasemperorqianlong.withsupremepowerandlargesumsofmoney,hesummonedskillfulandingeniousartisansfromalloverthecountrytocarryoutthisconstructionworkinhonorofhismothersbirthday.after15yearsandoneseventhofthena

7、tionsannualrevenuespent,thegardenofclearrippleswascompletedandservedasatestimonytochinasscientificandtechnologicalachievements.in1860,thisvastroyalgardenwasburntdownalongwiththeyuanmingyuan(gardenofperfectionandbrightness)byangol-frenchalliedforces.in1888,empressdowagercixireconstructedthegardenonth

8、esamesiteandrenameditthegardenofnurturedharmony(summerpalace).characterizedbyitsvastscopeandrichculturalembodiments,thesummerpalacehasbecomeoneofthemostfamoustouristsitesintheworld.thisisthemainentrancetothesummerpalace-theeastgateontopoftheeavesofthedoorthereisaplaquebearingachineseinscriptionwhich

9、means“gardenofnurturedharmony”,whosecalligrapherwasemperorguangxu.thegatethatyouarenowenteringwasusedexclusivelybytheemperor,theempressandthequeermother.allothersusedthesidedoors. (insidetheeastgate) thesummerpalacecanbedividedintotwoparts:longevityhillandkunminglake.thewholegardencoversanareaof290h

10、ectares,ofwhihthree-fourthsconsistsofalakeandrivers.thisimperialgardenfeatures3,000room-unitsandcoversanexpanseof70,000squaremeterswithmorethan101picturesquespotsofinterest.thelayoutofthesummerpalaceincludesthreegroupsofarchitectures:palaceswheretheemperorattendedtostateaffairs,restingpalacesoftheem

11、perorandempress,andsightseeingareas.enteringtheeastgatewewillcomethetheofficequarters.enteringtheeastgatewewillcometotheofficequarters.theannexhallsonbothsideswereusedforofficialsonduty.thisisthegateofbenevolenceandlongevity.abovethedoorthereisaplaquebearingthesamenameinbothchineseandmanchurianchara

12、cters.thegiganticrockintheforegroundisknownastaihurock,orerodedlimestone,quarriedinjiangsuprovinceandplacedheretodecoratedthegarden.onthemarbleterracesitsabronzemythicalbeast,knownasqilinorxuanni.itwassaidtotheoneoftheninesonsofdragonking.apointofpeculiarinterestisthatithastheheadofadragon,antlersof

13、adeer,thetailofalionandhoovesofaox,andiscoveredwithauniqueskin.itwasconsideredanauspiciouscreaturethatbroughtpeaceandprosperity.thisgrandhallisthehallofbenevolenceandlongevity.itwasbuiltin1750,andwasknownasthehallofindustriousgovernment.emperorqianlongruledthatthehallswheremonarchsattendedtostateaff

14、airswouldbenamedafterthem.aftertherebuildingofthesummerpalace,thehallwasrenamed,suggestingthatbenevolentrulerswouldenjoylonglives.thearrangementofthehallhasbeenleftuntouched.inthemiddleofthehallstandsathronemadeofsandalwoodandcarvedwithbeautifuldesigns.inthebackgroundthereisascreencarvedwithninefrol

15、ickingdragons.oneithersideofthethronetherearetwobigfansmadeofpeacockfeathers,twocolumn-shapedincenseburners,crane-shapedlanternsandanincenseburnerassumingtheformofluduan,amythologicalanimalwhichwassupposetohavethepowertopreventfire.thesmallchambersoneightsidewerewheretheemperorqianlongandempressdowa

16、gercixirestedandmetofficialsonformaloccasions.ontheverandahintheforegroundofthehalltherearebronzestatuesofdragonandphoenixeswhichservedasincenseburnersonmajoroccasions.theyarehollowandsmokecomesthroughholesontheirbacks.alsoontheverandaaretaiping(peace)bronzewatervatsmadeduringthereignofemperorqianlo

17、ng.asaprecautionincaseoffire,afirewaslitunderneaththevatsinthewintertokeepthewaterinthemfromfreezing. (attheentranceofgardenofvirtuousharmony) wearenowvisitingthegardenofvirtuousharmony,whereemperorqianlongandempressdowagercixiwereentertainedwithbeijingoperaperformances.itmainlyconsistsofthedressing

18、house,thegrandtheaterbuildingandthehallofpleasuresmiles.thegrandtheaterbuildingknownasthe“cradleofbeijingopera”wasuniquelylaidoutandmagnificentlydecorated.onseptember10,11014,thegardenofvirtuousharmonyopeneditsdoorstovisitors.therearealso7exhibitionhallswitharticlesofdailyuseondisplayhere.thestaffhe

19、reputupcourtdressesofqingdynastyinordertogivethevisitoramorevividimpression. (infrontofthegrandtheaterbuilding) thisbuildingis21metersinheightand17metersinwidthandfeaturesthreetiersoftiltedeavesandstages.allofthestagesareconnectedtoaraise,andawinchisinstalledatthetop.awelland5pondsweresunkunderthegr

20、oundstage.therearetrapdoorsintheceilingforfairiestodescend,aswellasonthefloorfordemonstosurface.theundergroundpassagesalsoservedasameansofimprovingresonanceandmakingtheperformersvoicesmoreaudible.ofthethreemaintheaterbuildingoftheqingdynasty,thegrandtheaterbuildingisthetallestandthelargest.theothert

21、woarechangyin(fluentvoice)pavilioninchengde,animperialsummerresort.thebuildingplayedamajorpartinfosteringthebirthanddevelopmentofbeijingopera:sincethecompletionofthegrandtheaterbuilding,manyperformanceswereheldinitinhonoroftheempressdowagercixi. (alakesidewalkfromthegardenofvirtuousharmonytothehallo

22、fjaderipples) wearenowstandinginthemiddleofarockerybehindthehallofbenevolentandlongevity.itappearsthattheresnothingspecialahead.however,afterwecleartherockery,wewillreachkunminglake.thisisaapplicationofaspecificstyleofchinesegardening.notfarawayinthelakethereisaislet.itisfilledwithpeachandweepingwil

23、lowtreesandservesasaidealplacetoappreciatethescenery.thepavilionontheisletiscalledzhichun(understandingspring)pavilionandischardcterizedbyfour-edged,multipleeavedroofs. (infrontofthehallofjaderipples) thisgroupofspecialandquietcourtyarddwellingisthehallofjaderipples.itwasfirstusedbyemperorqianlongto

24、attendtostateaffairs.itwasalsowhereemperorguangxuofthelateqingdynastywaskeptunderhousearrest.thishallisahallmarkofthereformmovementof18101,emperorguanxuwasempressdowagercixisnephew.afteremperortongzhidied,empressdowagerciximadehernephew,whowasatthattimefouryearsoldasuccessorinordertocontinueherwield

25、ingofpowerbehindthescenes.whenemperorguanxuwas19yearsold,empressdowagercixirelinquishedpowertohimbutcontinuedtoexertconsiderableinfluence.in18101,thereformmovementtookplacewiththeaimofsustainingthecornprinciplesoftheqingdynastywhilereformingoutdatedlaws.themovementlastedfor103daysuntilitwassuppresse

26、dbyempressdowagercixi.theemperorssixearnestreformistswerebeheadedandemperorguangxuwasplacedunderhousearrestwhichlastedfor10years.allthebackdoorsweresealedandabrickwaswasputupbehindthewoodenpartitiononeachsideofthetwoannexesofthecourtyard.emperorguangxuwascloselywatchedbyeunuchs.thewallremainsintactf

27、ortouriststosee.dynastywhilereformingoutdatedlaws.themovementlastedfor103daysuntilitwassuppressedbyempressdowagercixi.theemperorssixearnestreformistswerebeheadedandemperorguangxuwasplacedunderhousearrestwhichlastedfor10years.allthebackdoorsweresealedandabrickwaswasputupbehindthewoodenpartitiononeach

28、sideofthetwoannexesofthecourtyard.emperorguangxuwascloselywatchedbyeunuchs.thewallremainsintactfortouriststosee.(infrontofyiyunguan(chamberofmortalbeings)thiswaswhereempressandempressdowagerofchinasfeudalsystem.however,emperorguanxuwasnotthelastemperoroftheqingdynasty.thelastinthelinewasemperorpuyi,

29、whoascendedthethronein1908attheageofthree,tooyoungtobemarried.in1912,hewasforcedtoabdicate.duringtheshortreignofemperorpuyi.empresslongyuhandledstateaffairsonhisbehalfinthenameofempressdowager.in1911,arevolutionledbydr.sunyat-sunsucceeded,andtheyearafter,empresslongyuannouncedtheabdicationofthelaste

30、mperorofchina. (inthehallofhappinessandlongevity) theagedempressdowagercixiwassofondofthesummerpalacethatshedecidedtoliveherefromaprilthroughoctoberofeveryyear.thisgroupofbuildingsservedasherresidence.thisgroupofcourtyarddwellingsconsistsofaforecourtandabackyardwithannexcourtsoneachside.thewholecomp

31、oundwasbasicallymadeofwood,whichisidealforventilationandlighting.withitsquietandtastefullayout,thehallofhappinessandlongevitymadelifeveryeasyandconvenient.nowonderoneofempressdowagercixispleasureboat.onthepierthereisatalllanternpost.flankingthestaircaseleadingtothemainentranceofthehall,therearebronz

32、ecranes,deerandvases,symbolizinguniversalpeace.theinteriorlayoutisthesameastheimperialcourt,withthrone,alargetableandincenseburnersplacedinthemiddle.atmealtime,eunuchs-inwaitingwouldmakeagigantictableoutofthistableandempressdowagercixiwoulddineon128courses.becauseofthismorethan1,800talesofsilverwoul

33、dbespenteachmonthonmeals.ontheeastsideofthelivingroomisthecloakroom.thebedroominonitswest.infrontoftheyaoyue(invitingthemoon)gateofthelongcorridorthefamedlongcorridorisahead.facingkunminglakeandintheforegroundoflongevityhill,thelongcorridorstretchesfromyaoyue(invitingthemoon)gatetoshizhang(stonyoldm

34、an)pavilion.itis738metersinlengthandconsistof273sectionsandconnectsfouroctagonalpavilions.in11010,itwaslistedinguinnessbookofworldrecords. (strollingalongthelongcorridor) thelongcorridorisoneofthemajorstructuresofthesummerpalace.sincethecorridorwasdesignedtofollowthephysicalfeaturesofthesouthernslop

35、eoflongevityhill,fourmultiple-eaved,octagonalpavilions(beauty-retainingpavilion,enjoy-theripplespavilion,autumnwaterpavilionandclaritydistancepavilion)wereplacedatbendsandundulation.thussightseerswillhardlynoticetheriseandfalloftheterrain.asamajorpartofthearchitecturalstyleofthesummerpalace,thelongc

36、orridorservesasaningeniousconnectorbetweenthelakeandthehill.scatteredbuildingsonthesouthernslopewerelinkedtocreataunifiedcomplex.thiscorridorcanalsobecalleda“corridorofpaintings”:therearemorethan14,000paintingsonitsbeams.someofthemareofbirds,flowersandlandscapesofthewestlakeinhangzhou,zhejianprovinc

37、e.otherspresentscenesfromliteraryclassics.themajorityofthelandscapepaintingweredoneundertheorderofemperorqianlong,whopreperredthesceneryofsouthchina. (bythedoorleadingtotheexhibitionofculturalrelics) thisgroupoftemple-shapedstructuresareknownasqinghua(clarifiedchina)hall,alsoknownasarhathallduringth

38、ereignofemperorqianlong.theoriginalhallburneddownin1860.afteritwasreconstructed,itwasrenamed.qinghuahallisnowusedasaexhibitionhalldisplayingrareculturalrelicscollectedinthesummerpalace.thehallconsistsof6exhibitionroomswithtensofthousandsofarticlesoftreasureondisplayinturn.amongtheexhibitstherearebro

39、nzeware,porcelain,jadeassemblagesfromthemingandqingdynasties,andrareandpaintings.thereisalsoagiganticstoneslab,whichismorethan3metersinheightandwidth.itbearsthehandwritteninscriptionsofemperorqianlongiscommemorationofthesuppressionofarebellioninthexinjiangregion.onlythisslabsurvivedwhentheangle-fren

40、challiedforcessetfiretothesummerpalace. (infrontofthegateofdispellingclouds) nowweareapproachingthecentralpartofthestructuresonthelakesideslope,thetowerofbuddhistincensewithinthehallofdispellingclouds.thehallofdispellingcloudswaswherenumerouspalatineskowtowedtoempressdowagercixi.itwassurroundedbygal

41、leriesandflankedbyannexhalls.intheforecourtthereisapoolandmarblebridges.startingfromthelakeside,thereliesinsuccessionamemorialarchway,thegateofdispellingclouds,thehallofdispellingcloudsandthetowerofbuddhistincense.allofthesestructuresarebuiltonacentralaxisandeachistallerthanitspredecessor.thiswasdes

42、ignedtogiveprominencetothelaststructure,thetowerofbuddhistincense,whichwasasymbolofimperialpower.thelayoutofthisgroupofarchitectureswasbasedonscenesdescribedinbuddhistsutras.thisgroupofstructureareamongthemostmagnificentlyconstructedhereinthesummerpalace. insidethehallofdispellingclouds) theoriginal

43、buildingsonthissitewereburneddownbytheanglo-frenchalliedforcesin1860.anewsetofstructureswasbuiltduringthereignofemperorguanxu,andwascalledthehallofdispellingclouds,suggestingthatitwasafairyland.thehallwasbuiltonahighterrace,andhas21room.insidethehallareathrone,screens,tripodsandmandarinfans.onaplatf

44、ormyouwillseebronzedragons,phoenixesandtripods.atthefootoftheplatformtherearefourbronzewatervats,theancientformoffireextinguishers.the10thdayoflunaroctoberwas,empressdowagercixisbirthday.onthatday,shesatonthethroneheretoreceivecongratulationsandgifts.nowwearegoingtopayavisittothehighlightofthesummer

45、palace-thetowerofbuddhistincense.whatwearenowstandingonisastoneterracewhichis20metersinheight.ithasasemihousedstairwayof101steps,youwilllivefor101years.so,letsgo! (inthefrontofthetowerofbuddhistincense) anoctagonalstructurewiththreestoreysandquadrupleeaves,thetowerofbuddhistincenseistheverycenteroft

46、hesummerpalace,andisoneofthemasterpiecesofancientchinesearchitecture.thetoweris41metersinheight,andisbuttressedby8solidpillarsmadeoflignumvitaelogs.withitscomplexstructure,ingeniouslayout,toweringterraceandconvincinggrandeur,thetowerofbuddhistincensewasartfullysetoutbytheimperialgardensandbeautifuls

47、cenerysurroundingit.thetoweroverlookskunminglakeandotherpicturesquespotswithinanareaoftensofkilometers.onthewestsideofthetowerstandsbaoyunge(preciouscloudpavilion).itismadeofbronzeandis7.5metersinheightand270tonsinweight.itresemblesitswoodencounterpartsineverydetail.itisoneofthelargestandmostexquisi

48、tebronzepavilionsstillonexistenceinchina.lamasprayedhereduringthereignofemperorqianlonginhonorofthemonarchsandtheirfamilies.attheturnofthecentury10bronzewindowswerespiritedabroad.in11012anamericancompanyboughtthewindowsandreturnedthemintacttochina. (onahilltopleadingfromthebackdooroftowerofbuddhisti

49、ncense) nowwecanseethelongandsnakingwesterncausewayandashorterdikethatdivideskunminglakeintothreeareasthatcontainsouthlakeisland,seaweed-viewingislandandcirclecityisland.thethreeislandrepresentthreemountaininancientchinesemythology,i.e.penglai,fangzhangandyingzhou.thispeculiarmethodofincorporatingalakeathreemountainswithinasinglegardenwasabrainchildofemperorwudiofthehandynastymorethan2,000years