2022年整理新视野大学英语第三版,book,2,课后翻译.docx

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1、2022年整理新视野大学英语第三版,book,2,课后翻译.doc新视野高校英语第三版 book 2 unit 1 翻译 英译中：English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nations whose English is not their first language. Like other languages, English has changed greatly. The history of the English language can be divided into three main perio

2、ds : Old English, Middle English and Modern English. The English language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, and they contributed greatly to the formation of the English language. During the medieval and early modern periods, the influence of Eng

3、lish spread throughout the British Isles, and from the early 17th century its influence began to be felt throughout the world. The processes of European exploration and colonization for several centuries led to significant change in English. Today, American English is particularly influential, due t

4、o the popularity of American cinema, television, music, trade and technology, including the Internet. 人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，常常被很多不以英语为第一语言的国家运用。与其他语言一样，英语也发生了很大的改变。英语的历史可以分为三个主要阶段：古英语，中古英语和现代英语。英语起源于公元 5 世纪，当时三个日耳曼部落入侵英国，他们对英语语言的形成起了很大的作用。在中世纪和现代社会初期，英语的影响遍及不列颠群岛。从 17 世纪初，它的影响力起先在世界各地显现。欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致了英语

5、的重大改变。今日，由于美国电影、电视、贸易和技术、包括互联网的大受欢迎，美国英语的影响力尤其显。中译英：中国书法(calligraphy)是一门独特的艺术、是世界上独一无二的艺术珍宝。中国书法艺术的形成，发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不行分的关系。汉字在漫长的演化发展过程中，一方面起着沟通思想、继承文化的重要作用，另一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术。书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活感受、学识、修养、特性等折射出来，所以，通常有字如其人的说法。中国书法不仅是中华民族的文化珍宝，而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and

6、the unique art treasure in the world. The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters. In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting cu

7、lture but also developed into a unique art form. Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation, personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that "seeing the calligraphers handwriting is like seeing the person". As one of the treasur

8、es o Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the worlds treasure house of culture and art. 新视野高校英语 第三版 book 2 unit 2 课后翻译 英 翻 中 A M00C (massive open online course) is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web. M00Cs are a recent development in di

9、stance education and have now become a surging trend in higher education. These classes are aimed at expanding a universitys reach from thousands of tuition-paying students who live in town, to millions of students around the world. In addition to traditional course materials, M00Cs provide interact

10、ive user forums to support interactions between students and professors. M00Cs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of viewpoints, knowledge, and skills to the course ; inspire people to "try onsubjects that they wouldnt otherwise pursue or even try on education it

11、self ; provide multiple ways to engage with course material, encouraging multimodal ( 多模式的 ) learning that can address the needs of learners with a variety of learningstyles ; and inspire better teaching and use of technologies for face-to-face courses. 慕课是一种网络课程，它旨在通过网络实现广泛参加和开放接入。慕课是远程教化迈出的最新一步，现已

12、在高等教化领域快速引领潮流。通过这些课程，高校可以扩大影响的范围，从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生，扩展到惠及全球上百万的学生。除了拥有传统的课程资料，慕课还给运用者供应互动论坛，支持学生和讲师之间的沟通。慕课能够促进参加者之间的沟通，使得多种观点、学问和技能涌现到课堂上来；它激励人们尝试之前不行能尝试的课程，至是尝试新的教化方式；它供应多种学习课程资料的方式，激励多模式学习，以各种 学习风格满意学习者的需求；另外，慕课促进教学的改善，使技术在面对面授课中得以更好地应用。中 翻 英 近年来，随着互联网技术的发展，我国的数字化教化资源建设取得了巨大的成就。许多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台，数

13、字化教学在教化中发挥着越来越大的作用。和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。一方面，数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享；另一方面，它拓展了学习者的学习时间和空间，人们可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。这使得人类从接受一次性教化走向终身学习成为可能。In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the construction of digital education resources of our country has made great achievements. Many univer

14、sities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teaching is playing an increasingly important role in education. Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages. On one hand, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possi

15、ble ; on the other hand, it expands the learners study time and space to learn, allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.unit 3 课后翻译 英翻中 As

16、 an important part of the American culture value system, "individualismis admired by most American people. Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members. In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American

17、 family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or economically. What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual. With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of choice

18、 that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices. Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent and self-reliant. Along with the American emphasis on individual freedom, the belief in equality between parents and child

19、ren also has had a strong effect on the family. 作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，"个人主义"受到大多数美国人的推崇。美国人认为家庭作为一个群体，其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的华蜜。与很多其他文化相比，美国家庭成员的主要职责，不是在社会上或经济上提高整个家庭的地位。人们通常认为，什么是对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更为重要。与自由相伴而来的是照看自己的责任，因为所选择的自由承载了责任，即必需接受自己的选择所带来的后果。很多美国人给他们的孩子许多的自由，因为他们希望孩子们能够独立和自食其力。在美国人强调个人自由的同时，父

20、母与孩子间同等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大的影响。中翻英 孝道（filial piety）是中国古代社会的基本道德规范（code of ethics）。中国人把孝视为人格之本、家庭和谐之本、国家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心，它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。它毫无疑问是中华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。它既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪（institutional etiquette）。一般来说，它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务，包括敬重、关爱、赡养老人等等。孝道是古老的"东方文明"之根本。Filial piety is t

21、he basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society. Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a persons integrity, family harmony, and the nations well-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese society to maintain the fam

22、ily relationship for thousands of years. Its undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range. It includes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes. Generally speaking, it refers to the obligation of childr

23、en to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient "Oriental civilization". unit 4 课后翻译 英翻中 Valentines Day on February 14 is celebrated in various American and European countries. It is a ho

24、liday of love and romance usually by exchanging valentines or love tokens between lovers. There are different origins regarding the festival. One legend goes that the Romans put a priest named Saint Valentine into prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods. On February 14, Valentine was put to

25、 death not only because he was Christian, but also because he had cured the jailers daughter of blindness. The night before he was executed he wrote her a farewell letter signed "From your Valentine". Later, February 14 became a holiday for people to show affection for their loved ones. To

26、day, people celebrate Valentines Day in different ways, sending greeting cards and flowers, giving chocolate or other gifts, or joining in romantic dinners. The holiday has now become popular all over the world. In China the festival is also becoming increasingly popular with young people.美洲和欧洲各国都会庆

27、祝 2 月 14 日的情人节。这是一个充溢爱情和浪漫的节日，恋人之间通常都会交换情人卡和爱情信物。关于这个节日的起源有着不同的说法。一个传闻是罗马人把一个叫圣瓦伦丁的神父关进了监狱，因为他拒绝信任罗马神。2 月 14 日那天，瓦伦丁被处死，不仅因为他是基督徒，而且因为他曾治愈了一位监狱看管双目失明的女儿。他在被处死的前一天晚上给她写了一封署名你的瓦伦丁的告辞信。后来，2 月 14 日就成了一个人们可以为他们的情人展示感情的节日。现在，人们以不同的方式庆祝情人节，他们发送贺卡、鲜花，赠送巧克力或其他礼品，或共进浪漫的晚餐。现在这个节日已流行世界各地。在中国，这个节日也正越来越受年轻人的欢迎。中翻

28、英 农历七月初七是中国的七夕节 (Qixi Festival)，是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色调的一个节日。一些大的商家每年都举办不同的活动，年轻人也送礼物给他们的情人。因此，七夕节被认为是中国的情人节(Valentines Day)。七夕节来自牛郎与织女（Cowherd and Weaving Maid）的传闻。相传，每年的这个夜晚，天上的织女都会与牛郎会面。所以，在七夕的夜晚，人们可以看到牛郎织女在银河 （the Milky Way）会面。姑娘们也会在这一天晚上向天上的织女恳求才智，以获得美满姻缘。但随着时代的变迁，这些活动正在消逝，唯有标记着忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传闻始终流传民间。July 7

29、th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic of all the traditional Chinese holidays. Every year, some big businesses organize various activities, and young people send gifts to their lovers. As a result, the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese "Valentines Day&qu

30、ot;. The Qixi Festival is derived from the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid. The legend holds that on this particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with Cowherd. So, people can see Cowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the Milky Way on the night of Qixi. On this night, girls woul

31、d also beg Weaving Maid for some wisdom for a happy marriage. But,with the changing of times, these activities are diminishing. All that remains is the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid, a sign of faithful love, continuously circulated among the folk. unit 5 课后翻译 英翻中 The Age of Discovery, also call

32、ed the Age of Exploration, is a historical period of European global exploration that started in the early 15th century and continued until the 18th century. It is usually regarded as a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern era, in the context of emerging western imperialism and economic com

33、petition between European kingdoms seeking wealth through the establishment of trade routes and colonies. Among many great explorers during this period, the most outstanding one was Christopher Columbus since he discovered the New World. European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empire

34、s, with the contact between the Old and New Worlds producing the exchange: a wide transfer of plants, animals, foods, culture, and so forth. This represented one of the most significant global events concerning ecology, agriculture, and culture in history. European exploration allowed the global map

35、ping of the world, resulting in a new world-view and distant civilizations acknowledging each other. 大发觉年头，也被称为大勘探年头，是欧洲进行全球勘查的一个历史时期，始于 15 世纪初并始终持续到 18 世纪。这一时期通常被认为是中世纪和近代之间的桥梁，当时西方帝国主义刚兴起，欧洲各王国之间正在经济上相互竞争，他们想通过建立贸易路途和殖民地来找寻财宝。在这一时期众多宏大的探险家中，最杰出的是克里斯托弗?哥伦布，因为他发觉了新大陆。欧洲的海外扩张导致了殖民帝国的崛起，旧大陆与新大陆的接触也促成了

36、两边的相互交换：大量的植物、动物、食物、文化等得到迁移。这代表了历史上生态、农业和文化在全球范围内最重大的活动之一。欧洲大勘探让绘制全球性的世界地图成为可能，从而使人们看到一个新的世界与古老的文明正遥相呼应。中翻英 丝绸之路（Silk Road）是我国古代一条连接中国和欧亚大陆（Eurasia）的交通线路，由于这条商路以丝绸贸易为主，故称"丝绸之路"。作为国际贸易的通道和文化沟通的桥梁， 丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化沟通和发展，对世界文明进程有着深远影响。当前，在新的历史条件下，我国提出了"一带一路"（One Belt, One Road）（即&q

37、uot;丝绸之路经济带"和"21 世纪海上丝绸之路"）的战略构想。"一带一路"以合作共赢为核心，强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同发展。这一战略一经提出即受到沿线各国的主动响应。The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade route focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name "the Silk Road". As an internatio

38、nal trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization. Nowadays, under the new historical circumstances, our coun

39、try proposes the strategy of "One Belt, One Road(namely the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road). The strategy of "One Belt, One Roadfocuses on cooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common development of the related co

40、untries. Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the road. unit 7 课后翻译 英翻中 The color and style of a wedding gown can depend on the religion and culture of the wedding participants. For example, in Western cultures brides often choose a white weddi

41、ng dress, while in China the traditional wedding dress is in red. Though white has become the most preferred color for wedding gowns across the world today, this was not a widespread trend before the Victorian era. White became a popular option in 1840, when Queen Victoria wore a white gown at her w

42、edding. The official wedding photographwas widely published, and many brides chose white to become the followers of the Queen. Many people believed that the color white symbolized virginity, though this was not the original intention. As far as the style is concerned, wedding dresses were once typic

43、ally short in the front with a longer train in the back. This tendency continued until the late 1960s, when it became popular to revert to long, full-skirted designs. 婚纱礼服的颜色和款式可取决于婚礼参加者的宗教和文化。例如，在西方文化中新娘通常会选择白色的婚纱，而在中国，传统的结婚礼服是红色的。虽然白色已成为当今婚纱礼服在世界各地最受青睐的颜色，可是这在维多利亚时期之前并不是一个普遍的潮流。白色在 1840 年成为了一个受欢迎的

44、选择，那年维多利亚女王在她的婚礼上穿了一件白色的礼服。正式的婚礼照片被广泛刊登后，许多新娘都仿效女王选择白色。许多人信任白色象征着童贞，尽管这不是她们选择白色的初衷。就款式而言，婚纱礼服曾一度是前面短短的、后面是长长的裙摆。这种趋势始终持续到 20 世纪 60 年头后期，那个时期全长裙边的设计复原了流行。中翻英 中国是丝绸的家乡，因而有许多与丝绸相关的艺术，刺绣（embroidery）就是其中的一种。刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，至少有两、三千年的历史。从事刺绣的多为女子，因此刺绣又被称为"女红"（womens needlework）。刺绣在中国受到了人们广泛的宠爱。刺绣可

45、用来装饰衣物，如在衣服、被子、枕套（pillowcase）等物品上绣上漂亮的图案，也可制作成特殊的饰品（ornament）。中国有四大名绣: 苏州的苏绣、广东的粤绣、湖南的湘绣以及四川的蜀绣。各种绣法不仅风格有差异，主题也各有不同。在这其中，苏州的苏绣最负盛名。China is home to silk, thereby having a variety of arts related to silk, one of which is embroidery. Embroidery, with at least two or three thousand years of history, is

46、 one of the Chinese traditional folk arts and crafts. Since most embroiderers are women, its also called "womens needlework". Embroidery has been much-loved by the Chinese people. It can be used to beautify clothing and things. For example, clothes, quilts, pillowcases etc. can be embroide

47、red with beautiful designs, or a pieceof embroidery can be made for a special ornament. There are four most famous types of embroidery in China: Suxiu from Suzhou, Yuexiu from Guangdong, Xiangxiu from Hunan, and Shuxiu from Sichuan, each having its own style and theme. Among the four, Suzhou embroidery has enjoyed the highest reputation.本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第19页 共19页第 19 页 共 19 页第 19 页 共 19 页第 19 页 共 19 页第 19 页 共 19 页第 19 页 共 19 页第 19 页 共 19 页第 19 页 共 19 页第 19 页 共 19 页第 19 页 共 19 页第 19 页 共 19 页