2022非谓语动词学案.docx
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1、2022非谓语动词学案篇一:高中英语非谓语动词经典学案 教育是一项良心工程 网址: 非谓语动词学案 1.非谓语动词的句法功能: 教育是一项良心工程 网址: 2.现在分词(主动进行) 3.过去分词(被动完成) Done 4. 教育是一项良心工程 网址: 考点一:非谓语动词做状语 1.不定式作状语(目的,结果,原因,程度) 1.表目的 Eg:He worked day and night to get the money. 注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致: ()To save money, every means has been tried. ()To save money, he
2、 has tried every means. 2.表结果(表示意外的,未曾预料到的结果) Eg:We hurried all the way to the airport, onlythat the flight had been called off because of the foggy weather. Abeing told Bto be told Chaving told Dto have been told 教育是一项良心工程 网址: 1.He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been
3、sold out.A. toldB. to tell C. to be told D. telling 2.He was busy writing a story, onlyonce in a while to smoke a cigarette. A.to stop B.stoppingC.to have stopped D.having stopped 3.We hurried there a note pinned on the door,us the postponement of the meeting Ato find; to inform Bfinding; informed C
4、only to find; informing Dfound; inform 3.表原因 Eg:They were very sad to hear the news. 4.表程度 Eg:Its too dark for us to see anything. 5.作独立成分 Eg:To tell you the truth, I dont like the way he talked. 现在分词做状语,过去分词做状语(相当于一个状语从句) 2.现在分词做状语 1.作时间状语 Hearing the bad news,they couldn't help crying. =on hea
5、ring the bad news,they couldn't help crying. =as soon as they heard the bad news,they couldn't help crying. While playing the piano,she got very excited. =While she is playing the piano,she got very excited. Having turned off the radio,he began to go over his lessons. =after turning off the
6、radio,he began to go over his lessons. =after he had turned off the radio,he began to go over his lessons. 2.作原因状语 Being so angry,he couldn't go to sleep. =because he was so angry,he couldn't go to sleep. Having been to the Great Wall many times,he didn't go last week. Because/as he had
7、been to the Great Wall many times,he didn't go last week. 3.作方式状语,表示伴随(作伴随状语的分词表示的动作, 必须是主语的一个动作, 或是与谓语所表示的动作(或状态)同时发生, 或是对谓语表示的动词(或状态)作进一步地补充说明。) He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. He sat on the sofa, watching TV. (=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.) 他们笑着谈着走进了教室。 Laughing and talking ,
8、they went into the classroom. 他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。 He stood leaning against the wall. (He stood and leaned against the wall.) 8. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, 教育是一项良心工程 网址: _ away. (NEMT 2022) A. run B. runningC. to run D. ran 9. “We cant go out in this weather,” said Bob,_out of the window. (NMET20
9、04) A. looking B. to lookC. looked D. having been looked 4.作结果状语 He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. =He dropped the glass, so it broke into pieces. 5.作让步状语 Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 6.作条件状语 (If)Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 7.与逻辑主语构成独立主格 分词做状语
10、时,其逻辑主语与句子的主语必须一致。例:Seen from the hill,the village seems quite small.Seeing from the hill,you can find the village quite small. 如果其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致,就需要在分词前加上自己的逻辑主语,使其变成一个独立主格结构。例如:The boy having finished his exercises,the teacher let him away.The exercises done,the students went home.While watching te
11、levision, _.(NMET2022) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard. 我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。 Time permitting, wel
12、l do another two exercises. 如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。 有时也可用with (without)+名词(代词宾格)+分词形式 With the lights burning, he fell asleep.他点着灯睡着了。 作独立成分 Judging from(by)his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看,他一定是个演员。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。 8. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a police
13、man was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help 9. _, the boy couldnt enter his house. A. Since the key has lost B. The key been lost 篇二:非谓语动词学案 高一英语非谓语动词学案(2022.6.25) 非谓语动词的形式: 非谓语动词的句法功能 一、 分词、不定式做定语 1.基本形式: The house
14、s 2. 不定式做定语: 1) 不定式为 Vt, 或所修饰的n./pron.是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面应有相 应的介词。但是所修饰的名词为time,place,way时,不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。 The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. He had no money and no place to live (in). I need a pen to write with . (I will wirte with the pen ) (我需要一直钢笔写字) Get him something to eat.给他拿点儿东西吃
15、。 2) 含义不同: -Im going to the post office , for I have a letter to post . ( 逻辑主语是I ) -Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now逻辑主语不是I ) Have you got anything to send? Have you got anything to be sent? I have a little baby to look after .(I must look after the little baby ) (我有一个婴儿要照看) I have
16、a lot of work to do. 3) the first/second/third/the last + (n.) + to do sth. 或名词被最高级,no,all, any 等限定的中心词修饰,且不定式与中心词为主动关系。 She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. He was the best man to do the job. He is the first person to think of the idea.(主谓关系) She is always the last (
17、person) to speak at the meeting . 4) 用来修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式,常见的有:ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way ,reason, moment, time 等。 Do you have the ability to read and write in English? I have no chance to go sightseeing. Boiling water 沸腾的水falling leaves 正在下落的叶子 Boi
18、led water烧开过的水(白开水)fallen leaves 已经落下的叶子 Freezing wind 刺骨的寒风 frozen food 冷冻食品 Developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 4. 分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区别 a running horse 现在分词 = a horse that is running a fallen leaf 过去分词 = a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick 动名词= a stick for walking something
19、to do 不定式= something that I should do a walking stick=a stick for walking a washing machine=a machine for washing sleeping pills=pills for sleeping Those wishing to join the club should sign here. The boy rushed into the burning woods to save the animals. The baby recognized his mothers smiling face
20、. A walking man =a man who is walking. The rising sun=the sun which is rising. 二、不定式、分词作状语的用法: 1.基本形式: 1. 不定式做状语 Helen had to shout to make herself heard above the sound of the music.(目的) He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.(结果) His parents died, leaving him an orphan. My
21、grandmother lived to see the liberation of China. To look at him, you would like him. I am very glad to see you. I am so sorry to hear about your failure in business. He was too excited not to say a few words.他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。 He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。 She is too tired to do the job.
22、He got up early in order to catch the first bus. The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers. 2.分词作状语: When offered help, one often says”Thank you.” Or “Its kind of you.”(时间) Arriving in Qingdao, I lost my way.(时间) Be careful while/when crossing the street.(时间) Living far from the school,have to get
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