模具专业英语.ppt

《模具专业英语.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《模具专业英语.ppt（341页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、模具专业英语模具专业英语前言前言l模具专业英语模具专业英语设计、报价、结算设计、报价、结算及及模具专业英语模具专业英语全程导学全程导学（全译本）先后由机械工业出版社和湖南科技（全译本）先后由机械工业出版社和湖南科技出版社出版发行，受到了广大读者的欢迎与好评。也不断出版社出版发行，受到了广大读者的欢迎与好评。也不断有读者来电、来信，表达了希望一书在手便能自学模具英有读者来电、来信，表达了希望一书在手便能自学模具英语的愿望。为此，我们在以上两书的基础上编写了这本语的愿望。为此，我们在以上两书的基础上编写了这本模具专业英语教程模具专业英语教程l本书集本书集模具专业英语模具专业英语设计、报价、结算设计

2、、报价、结算和和模具专模具专业英语全程导学业英语全程导学之精华，在重视模具设计与制造的基础之精华，在重视模具设计与制造的基础上，对内容进行了调整和充实，既有关于模具设计与制造上，对内容进行了调整和充实，既有关于模具设计与制造方血的最新资料，又带有全程导学的性质，更有利于帮助方血的最新资料，又带有全程导学的性质，更有利于帮助模具专业学生及模具企业界的外贸人员提高模具专业学生及模具企业界的外贸人员提高前言前言l阅读和翻译有关模具外文资料以及直接参与模具外贸洽谈阅读和翻译有关模具外文资料以及直接参与模具外贸洽谈的能力。的能力。l本书本着便于学习的目的，按照课文、生词注解、重难点本书本着便于学习的目的

3、，按照课文、生词注解、重难点词汇及句子注释、练习、课文导读及参考译文的顺序，对词汇及句子注释、练习、课文导读及参考译文的顺序，对教材内容进行科学合理的编排。书后附有练习参考答案，教材内容进行科学合理的编排。书后附有练习参考答案，为模具专业学生及从业人士更好地学习提供了具体而有效为模具专业学生及从业人士更好地学习提供了具体而有效的帮助。的帮助。l本书由湖南省模具学会理事长、湖南电子科技职业学院机本书由湖南省模具学会理事长、湖南电子科技职业学院机电工程系主任叶久新教授策划、构思，湖南电子科技职业电工程系主任叶久新教授策划、构思，湖南电子科技职业学院基础课部主任童长清教授组织、整理，两人共同主编。学

4、院基础课部主任童长清教授组织、整理，两人共同主编。担任本书副主编的为：湖南电子科技职业学院担任本书副主编的为：湖南电子科技职业学院前言前言l龙艳辉、柳妓、黄倩文、刘秀琴，湖南生物机电职业学院龙艳辉、柳妓、黄倩文、刘秀琴，湖南生物机电职业学院张秀玲；同时参与本书编写的还有湖南电子科技职业学院张秀玲；同时参与本书编写的还有湖南电子科技职业学院周玉娥、刘娟、童智，娄底职业学院罗正斌，郴州职业技周玉娥、刘娟、童智，娄底职业学院罗正斌，郴州职业技术学院李灶福，怀化职业技术学院张建清等。术学院李灶福，怀化职业技术学院张建清等。l由于编者水平有限，错误之处在所难免，敬请读者批评指由于编者水平有限，错误之处在

5、所难免，敬请读者批评指正。正。 编者编者2008年年6月月目录目录Chapter 1 Introduction of Mold（模具概（模具概论）论）Chapter 2 Introduction of Mold Material（模具材料简介）（模具材料简介）Chapter 3 Press Process and Die Design（冷冲压工艺及模具）（冷冲压工艺及模具）Chapter 4 Plastics Forming and Mold Design（塑料成型工艺及模具）（塑料成型工艺及模具）目录目录Chapter 5 Forging Processes and Die Design（锻

6、造工艺及模具）（锻造工艺及模具）Chapter 6 Basic and Special Machining（普通机械加工与特种加工）（普通机械加工与特种加工）Chapter 7 The Application of Computer in Design and Manufacture of Mold and Die（计算机在模具设计与制造中的应用）（计算机在模具设计与制造中的应用）Chapter 8 Quotation and Contract for Mold and Die（模具的报价与合同）（模具的报价与合同）Chapter 1 Introduction of Mold（模具概论）（模具

7、概论）Lesson 1 The Definition and Function of MoldLesson 2 The Classification of MoldLesson 1 The Definition and Function of MoldlIn modern industrial production,mold is an important technical equipment used in shaping process of material(including metal material and nonmetal material).Meanwhile,it is

8、the “magnifying glass of efficiency and profit” to the raw material and equipment,because the value of the final product on die is often tens of,even hundreds of times as valuable as that of the die itself.lDie industry is the basic industry of national economy,and it is called“the mother of industr

9、y.Every aspect of human life such as clothes,food,housing and transportation isNEXT BACKLesson 1 The Definition and Function of Moldlclosely connected with die industry.Therefore,the level of die technology has been a significant symbol to measure a countrys developing level of mechanical industry.N

10、otes:l1.because the value of the final product on die is often tens of even hundreds of times as valuable as that of the die itself.l译文译文:因为模具生产出的最终产品的价值因为模具生产出的最终产品的价值,往往是模具自身往往是模具自身价值的数十倍价值的数十倍,乃至上百倍。乃至上百倍。l解析解析:tens of,even hundreds of times:数十倍数十倍,乃至上百倍。乃至上百倍。as+adj.+as:和和一样一样BACKPREVNEXTLesson

11、1 The Definition and Function of Moldl2.Every aspect of human life such as clothing,food,housing and transportation is closely connected with die industry.l译文译文:人类的衣、食、住、行诸方面都离不开模具。人类的衣、食、住、行诸方面都离不开模具。l解析解析:be connected with:和和有联系有联系/关系。关系。be closely connected with:和和有密切的联系有密切的联系/关系。关系。BACKPREVLesso

12、n 2 The Classification of MoldlAccording to the types of raw material,mold can be divided into two main kinds:metal products and nonmetal products.BACKNEXTLesson 2 The Classification of MoldNotes:lAccording to the types of raw material,mold can be divided into two main kinds:metal products and nonme

13、tal products.l译文译文:根据制品所用的原材料种类根据制品所用的原材料种类,模具可分为金属制品模模具可分为金属制品模具和非金属制品模具两大类。具和非金属制品模具两大类。l解析解析:according to:依据依据,按照。按照。be divided into被分被分成成。BACKPREVChapter 2 Introduction of Mold Material Lesson 3 SteelsLesson 4 Heat Treating of SteelLesson 3 SteelslSteels(first made in China and Japan around 600-

14、800 AC)are generally divided into the categories of carbon steels and alloy steels(including tool steels).Carbon SteelslCarbon steels are used extensively in tool construction.Carbon steels are those steels which only contain iron and carbon,and small amounts of other alloying elements.Carbon steels

15、 are the most common and least expensive type of steels used for tools.The three principal types of carbon steels used for tooling are low carbon,medium carbon,and high carbon steels.LowBACKNEXTLesson 3 Steelslcarbon steel contains between 0.05%and 0.3%carbon.Medium carbon steel contains between 0.3

16、%and 0.7% carbon.And high carbon steel contains between 0.7% and 1.5% carbon.As the carbon content is increased in carbon steel,the strength,toughness,and hardness also increase when the metal is heat treated.lLow carbon steels are soft,tough steels that are easily machined and welded.Due to their l

17、ow carbon content,these steels cannot be hardened except by case hardening.Low carbon steels are well suited for the following applications:tool bodies,handles,die shoes,andBACKPREVNEXTLesson 3 Steelslsimilar situations where strength and wear resistance are not required.lMedium carbon steels are us

18、ed where greater strength and toughness are required.Since medium carbon steels have a higher carbon content they can be heat treated to make parts such as studs,pins,axles,and nuts.Steels in this group are more expensive as well as more difficult to machine and weld than low carbon steels.lHigh car

19、bon steels are the most hardenable type of carbon steel and are used frequently for parts where wear resistance is an important factor.Other applications whereBACKPREVNEXTLesson 3 Steelslhigh carbon steels are well suited include drill bushings,locators,and wear pads.Since the carbon content of thes

20、e steels is so high,parts made from high carbon steel are normally difficult to machine and weld.Alloy SteelslAlloy steels arebasically carbon steels with additional elements added to alter the characteristics and bring about a predictable change in the mechanical properties of the alloyedlmetal.All

21、oy steels are not normally used for most tools due to their increased cost,but some have found favor forBACKPREVNEXTLesson 3 Steelslspecial applications.The alloying elements used most often in steels are manganese,nickel,molybdenum,and chromium.lAnother type of alloy steel frequently used for tooli

22、ng applications is stainless steel.Stainles steel is a term used to describe high chromium and nickel-chromium steels.These steels are used for tools which must resist high temperatures and corrosive atmospheres.Some high chromium steels can be hardened by heat treatment and are used where resistanc

23、e to wear,abrasion,and corrosion are required.Typical applications where a hardenableBACKPREVNEXTLesson 3 Steelslstainless steel is sometimes preferred are plastic injection molds:Here the high chromium content allows the steel to be highly polished and prevents deterioration of the cavity from heat

24、 and corrosion.notes:l1.Carbon steels are those steels which only contain iron and carbon,and small amounts other alloying elements.Carbon steels are the most common and least expensive type of steel used for tools.BACKPREVNEXTLesson 3 Steelsl译文译文:碳钢是指那些仅仅由铁和碳以及少量的其他合金元碳钢是指那些仅仅由铁和碳以及少量的其他合金元素构成的钢。碳钢

25、是一种最常见的、最廉价的制造工具的素构成的钢。碳钢是一种最常见的、最廉价的制造工具的钢。钢。l解析解析:此句中此句中which是关系代词是关系代词,引导定语从句引导定语从句,修饰前面的修饰前面的名词名词steels,并充当定语从句的主语。并充当定语从句的主语。used for tools是过去是过去分词短语作后置定语分词短语作后置定语,修饰中心词修饰中心词steels,它也可等同于定语它也可等同于定语从句从句which/that。l 2.Low carbon steels are well suited for the following applications:tool bodies,ha

26、ndles,die shoes,and similar situations where strength and wear resistance are not required.BACKPREVNEXTLesson 3 Steelsl译文译文:低碳钢很适合于以下用途低碳钢很适合于以下用途:工具主体、把柄、模脚以工具主体、把柄、模脚以及一些不要求强度和耐磨性的类似情况。及一些不要求强度和耐磨性的类似情况。l解析解析:此句中此句中where是关系副词是关系副词,引导定语从句引导定语从句,修饰前面的修饰前面的名词名词similar situations。l3.Since medium carbo

27、n steels have a higher carbon content they can be heat treated to make parts such as studs,pins,axles,and nuts.l译文译文:由于中碳钢含碳量较高由于中碳钢含碳量较高,所以经过热处理后可被制成所以经过热处理后可被制成如圆柱头螺栓、销、轴和螺母之类的部件。如圆柱头螺栓、销、轴和螺母之类的部件。l解析解析:此句中此句中since是从属连词是从属连词,引导原因状语从句引导原因状语从句,译为译为“由由于于”。句中。句中studs,pins,axles,and nuts译为译为“圆柱头螺栓、圆柱头

28、螺栓、销、轴和螺母销、轴和螺母”。BACKPREVNEXTLesson 3 Steelsl4.High carbon steels are the most hardenable type of carbon steel and are used frequently for parts where wear resistance is an important factor.l译文译文:高碳钢是一种最可硬化的碳钢高碳钢是一种最可硬化的碳钢,常用于对耐磨性要求常用于对耐磨性要求非常高的部件。非常高的部件。l解析解析:此句中此句中where是关系副词是关系副词,引导定语从句。引导定语从句。l5.

29、The alloying elements used most often in steels are manganese,nickel,molybdenum,and chromium.l译文译文:钢中最常用的合金化元素是锰、镍、钥和铬。钢中最常用的合金化元素是锰、镍、钥和铬。l解析解析:此句中此句中element译为译为“元素元素”。它还有。它还有“适合的环境适合的环境”之意。例如之意。例如:BACKPREVNEXTLesson 3 SteelslYoure in your element once the conversation turns to movies.l谈起电影谈起电影,你便如

30、鱼得水。你便如鱼得水。l6.These steels are used for tools which must resist high temperatures and corrosive atmospheres.l译文译文:这些钢用于必须耐高温和耐腐蚀性环境的工具。这些钢用于必须耐高温和耐腐蚀性环境的工具。l解析解析:此句中此句中resist译为译为“耐耐”,resist doing译为译为“防防”。l7.Some high chromium steels can be hardened by heat treatment and are used where resistance to

31、wear, abrasion,and corrosion are required.l译文译文:一些高铬钢能够被热处理硬化一些高铬钢能够被热处理硬化,用于有耐磨损、耐用于有耐磨损、耐BACKPREVNEXTLesson 3 Steelsl大气腐蚀要求的场合解析大气腐蚀要求的场合解析:此句中此句中where是关系副词是关系副词,引导引导状语从句。状语从句。l8.Typical applications where a hardenable stainless steel is sometimes preferred are plastic injection molds:Here the hig

32、h chromium content allows the steel to be highly polished and prevents deterioration of the cavity from heat and corrosion.l译文译文:常选用可硬化不锈钢的典型场合是塑料注射模具常选用可硬化不锈钢的典型场合是塑料注射模具:因因为高含铬量使得钢材具有很好的抛光性为高含铬量使得钢材具有很好的抛光性,而且能够防止型而且能够防止型腔由于受热和腐蚀而产生性能的退化。腔由于受热和腐蚀而产生性能的退化。l解析解析:此句中此句中prevent.from译为译为“阻止阻止,妨碍妨碍”。BAC

33、KPREVLesson 4 Heat Treating of SteellSpecifications for heat-treating processes are among the most important of those shown on an engineering drawing.Proper heat treatment is a powerful tool for developing the best possible properties that a material can possess.In general,heat treatment may be desc

34、ribed as a combination of heating and cooling operations,timed and applied to a metal or an alloy in the solid state in a way that will produce desired properties.Principally,heat treatment is used to produce strengthening,but some heat-treating processes soften,toughen,or otherwise enhance properti

35、es.BACKNEXTLesson 4 Heat Treating of SteellInternally,a metal or an alloy consists of one or more kinds of atoms packed together in orderly three-dimensional arrangements called crystals.The crystals,in turn,are bonded together in diverse ways which are described in terms of microstructure or grain

36、structure.Any given structure can be altered to some extent by plastic deformation from compressive,tensile,or shear forces,but the available time-temperature treatments provide a greater variety of properties.Heat treatments are carefully controlled combinations of such variables as time,temperatur

37、e,rate of temperature change,and furnaceBACKPREVNEXTLesson 4 Heat Treating of Steellatmosphere.The selection of a specific treatment must be based upon knowledge of the properties desired in the finished part.lThere is available today a multitude of metals and alloys designed for various purposes.Th

38、ere are also many different heat-treating processes.Not all the treatments can be used with each metal or alloy.In other words,the treatment selected must be one that is compatible with the specified material.Heat treatment cannot be selected independently of material.One is just as important as the

39、 other.BACKPREVNEXTLesson 4 Heat Treating of SteelReasons for Heat TreatinglFerrous Metals.Ferrous parts are heat-treated for several reasons:to relieve internal stresses,to change the microstructure by refining the grain size or producing uniform grain throughout a part,to alter the surface chemist

40、ry by adding or deleting elements,and to strengthen a metal part.lTreatment of Ferrous Materials.Iron is the major constituent in the steels used in tooling,to which carbon is added in order that the steel may harden.Alloys are put into steel to enable it to develop properties not possessedBACKPREVN

41、EXTLesson 4 Heat Treating of Steellby plain carbon steel,such as the ability to harden in oil or air,increased wear resistance,higher toughness,and greater safety in hardening.lHeat treatment of ferrous materials involves several important operations which are customarily referred to under various h

42、eadings,such as normalizing,spheroidizing,stress relieving,annealing,hardening,tempering,and case hardening.lNormalizing involves heating the material to a temperature of about 100-200 (55-100)above theBACKPREVNEXTLesson 4 Heat Treating of Steellcritical range and cooling in still air.This is about

43、100(55)over the regular hardening temperature.lThe purpose of normalizing is usually to refine grain structures that have been coarsened in forging.With most of the medium-carbon forging steels,alloyed and unalloyed,normalizing is highly recommended after forging and before machining to produce more

44、 homogeneous structures,and in most cases,improved machinability.lHigh-alloy air-hardened steels are never normalized,since to do so would cause them to harden and defeat theBACKPREVNEXTLesson 4 Heat Treating of Steellprimary purpose.lSpheroidizing is a form of annealing which,in the process of heat

45、ing and cooling steel,produces a rounded or globular form of carbide-the hard constituent in steel.lTool steels are normally spheroidized to improve machinability.This is accomplished by heating to a temperature to 1380-1400(749-760)for carbon steels and higher for many alloy tool steels,holding at

46、heat one to four hours,and cooling slowly in the furnace.lStress Relieving.This is a method of relieving the internal stresses set up in steel during forming,cold working,andBACKPREVNEXTLesson 4 Heat Treating of Steellcooling after welding or machining,it is the simplest heat treatment and is accomp

47、lished merely by heating to 1 200-1350(649-732)followed by air or furnace cooling.lLarge dies are usually roughed out,then stress-relieved and finish-machined.This will minimize change of shape not only during machining but during subsequent heat treating as well.Welded sections will also have locke

48、d-in stresses owing to a combination of differential heating and cooling cycles as well as to changes in cross section.Such stresses will cause considerable movement in machining operations.BACKPREVNEXTLesson 4 Heat Treating of SteellAnnealing.The process of annealing consists of heating the steel t

49、o an elevated temperature for a definite period of time and,usually,cooling it slowly.Annealing is done to produce homogenization and to establish normal equilibrium conditions,with corresponding characteristic properties.lTool steel is generally purchased in the annealed condition.Sometimes it is n

50、ecessary to rework a tool that has been hardened,and the tool must then be annealed.For this type of anneal,the steel is heated slightly above its critical range and then cooled very slowly.BACKPREVNEXTLesson 4 Heat Treating of SteellHardening.This is the process of heating to a temperature above th