图式理论在高中英语阅读教学中应用的研究_孙倩.docx

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1、 A Study of the Application of Schema Theory in English Reading Teaching in A Senior School Sun Qian A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements For the degree of Master of Education In English Teaching Supervised by Associate Professor Xu Zhonghui School of Foreign Language Shaanxi Norma

2、l University Xian October, 2012 学位论文原创性声明 本人声明所呈交的学位论文是我在导师的指导下进行研究工作所取得的研究成 果。尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容和致谢的地方外，本论文不包含其他个人 或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含本人或他人己申请学位或其他用途使 用过的成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中作了明确说明并 表示谢意。 本学位论文若有不实或者侵犯他人权利的，本人愿意承担一切相关的法律责任。 作者签名：日期：年月 9 日 学位论文知识产权及使用授权声明书 本 人在导师指导下所完成的学位论文及相关成果，知识产权归属陕西师范大学

3、。 本人完全了解陕西师范大学有关保存、使用学位论文的规定，允许本论文被査阅和借 阅，学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的纸质版和电子版，有 权将本论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用任何复制手段保存 和汇编本论文。本人保证毕业离校后，发表本论文或使用本论文成果时署名单位仍为 陕西师范大学。 保密论文解密后适用本声明。 作者签名： 日期 : P。 A.否 B.不确定 C.是 12. 有关阅读文章的背景知识（如文化知识或亲身经历）有助于阅读理解。 A.否 B.不确定 C.是 13. 有关英美国家的文化背景知识在阅读理解中是很重要的。 A.否 B.不确定 C.是 14

4、. 在做阅读理解时，经常会遇到生词，不理解这些词的意思导致理解障碍。 A.否 B.不确定 C.是 15. 掌握大量词汇和语法结构是对于语篇理解很重要。 A.否 B.不确定 C.是 16. 语篇结构知识有助于阅读理解。 A.否 B.不确定 C.是 17. 在做阅读理解时，经常会遇到长难句，导致不能理解文章的内容。 A.否 B.不确定 C.是 18. 在做阅读理解时，能根据上下文线索猜出陌生单词的意思。 A.否 B.不确定 C.是 39 陕西师范大学硕士学位论文 Appendix II Pre-test(2006 年全国卷 2) A My fnend, Emma Daniels, spent th

5、e summer of 1974 traveling in Israel. During her month-long stay in Jerusalem she often went to a cafe called chocolate soup. It was run by two men, one of whom -Alex-used to live in Montreal. One morning when Emma went in for coffee, while chatting with her new friend Alex, she mentioned that she h

6、ad just finished the book she was reading and had nothing else to read. Alex said be had a wonderfbl book she might like, and that he， d be happy to lend it to her. As he lived just above the cafe, he quickly ran up to get it. The book he handed to Emma just minutes later was markings, a book by a f

7、ormer secretary-general of the United Nations (UN). Emma had never read it, nor had she ever bought a copy, but when she opened it up, she was floored to see her own name and address inside the cover, in her own handwriting (笔迹 ) It turned out that the summer before, at a concert back in Montreal， E

8、mma had met a Californian who was in town visiting friends. They decided to exchange (交换 ） addresses， but neither of them had any paper. The man opened up a book he was carrying in his backpack (Wi) and asked Emma to write her name and address inside. When he returned to California, he left the book

9、 behind in Montreal, and his friend Alex kept it. When Alex later moved to Jerusalem, he took the book along. 41. Alex lent Emma the book, Markings, . A. to show his friendliness to her B. to show his interest in reading C. to tell her about the importance of the UN D. to let her write her name and

10、address inside 42. How did Emma feel the moment she opened the book? A. Pleased B. Satisfied. C. Worried. 40 Appendix II D. Surprised 43. We can learn from the text that the Californian . A. met Emma at a concert B. invited Emma to a concert C. introduced Emma to his friend D. left Emma his backpack

11、 44. Who was supposed to be the first owner of the book? A. An official of the UN B. A coffee shop owner C. A friend of the author s D. Alex s friend from California B May: Happenings from the Past May 5, 1884 Isaac Murphy, son of a slave and perhaps the greatest horse rider in American history, rid

12、es Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby. He becomes the first rider ever to win the race three times. May 9, 1754 Benjamin Franklins Pennsylvania gazette produces perhaps the first American political cartoon(iSl),showing a snake cut in pieces with the words “Join or Die” printed under the pictur

13、e May 11, 1934 The first great dust storm of the Great Plains Dust Bowl, the result of years of drought(干旱 ）， blows topsoil all the way to New York City and Washington, D.C. May 19, 1994 Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s died of

14、cancer in New York City at the age of 64. May 24, 1844 Samuel F.B Morse taps out the first message, “What hath God wrought,” over the 41 陕西师范大学硕士学位论文 experimental long-distance telegraph line which runs from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Md. 45. We know from the text that Buchanan is A. Isaac, s f

15、ather B. a winning horse C. a slave taking care of horses D. the first racing horse in Kentucky 46. What is the title of the first American political cartoon? A. Join or Die B. Pennsylvania Gazette C. What Hath God Wrought D. Kentucky Derby 47. In which year did the former first lady Jacqueline die?

16、 A. 1934 B. 1960 C. 1964 D. 1994 48. Which of the following places has to do with the first telegram in history? A. Washington, D.C. B. New York City C. Kentucky D. Pennsylvania. C When I learned that my 71-year-old mother was playing Scrabble - a word game-against herself, I knew I had to do someth

17、ing. My husband suggested we give her a computer to play against. I wasn, t swe my mother was ready for it. After all, it had taken 15 years to persuade her to buy an electric cooker. Even so, we packed up our old computer and delivered it to my parents home. And so began my mother， s adventure in t

18、he world of computers. It also marked the beginning of an unusual teaching task for me. IJ ve taught people of 42 Appendix II all ages, but I never thought I would be teaching my mother how to do anything. She has been the one teaching me all my life: to cook and sew: to enjoy the good times and put

19、 up with the bad. Now it was my turn to give something back. It wasnt easy at the beginning. There was so much to explain and to introduce, Slowly but surely, my mother caught on, making notes in a little notebook, After a few months of scrabble and other games, I decided it was time to introduce he

20、r to word processing (文字处理 ） This proved to be a bigger challenge (挑战 )to her， so I gave her some homework, I asked her to write me a letter ?using different letter types, colors and spaces. u Are you this demanding with your kindergarten pupil s?v she asked. “No, of course not， ” I said” they alrea

21、dy know how to use a computer.77 My mother isn? t the only one experiencing a fast personal growth period. Thanks to the computer, my father has finally got over his phone allergy(过敏反映 )For as long as I can remember, any time I called, my mother would answer. Dad and I have had more phone conversati

22、ons in the last two month than we ve had in the past 20 years. 49. What does the author do? A. She is a cook. B. She is a teacher. C. She is a housewife. D. She is a computer engineer. 50. The author decided to give her mother a computer _ A. to let her have more chances to write letters B. to suppo

23、rt her in doing her homework C. to help her through the bad times D. to make her life more enjoyable 51. The author asked her mother to write her a letter _ A. because her mother had stopped using the telephone B. because she wanted to keep in touch with her mother C. so that her mother could practi

24、ce what she had learned D. so that her mother could be free from housework 43 陕西师范大学硕士学位论文 52. After the computer was brought home, the authorJ s father _ A. lost interest in cooking B. took more phone calls C. played more games D. began to use it D When asked to point out one or two things that are

25、 most important to themselves, many putfiiendsaheadofhomes， jobs， clothandcars. A true friendship canies-a-long history of experience that determines who we are and keeps us connected. It is a treasure we should protect. Unfortunately, the better friends you are, the more probably you, 11 have disag

26、reements. And the result can be what you don t want an end to the relationship. The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended First, don? t let your pride get in your way. Most of us can forgive each other when differences are brought out in the open . second, apologize when youJ re

27、wrong - even if you ve been wronged. Over the course of a friendship, even the best people make mistakes. Sometimes, it may be best if the wronged person takes the lead and apologizes. When you apologize, give your firiend a chance to admit that he has been wrong. Third, see things from your friendJ

28、 s point of view (观点 ).And finally, accept that friendships change as our needs and lifestyle(生活方式 )change. Making friends can sometimes seem easy. The hard part is keeping the connections strong during the natural ups and downs that have an effect on all relationships . My suggestion: Consider frie

29、ndship an honor and a gift , and worth the effort to treasure and nurture (培养 ). 53. What would be the best title for the text? A. Easy Ways to Make Friends B. Ups and Downs in Friendship C. How to Mend a Troubled Friendship D. How to Take the Lead in Making Friends 54. Thew wronged person w underli

30、ned in the text refers to a person 44 Appendix II A. who has been mistaken for another B. who has been blamed unfairly C. who has treated friends badly D. who has admitted his mistakes 55. According to the text a friendship can last long only if . A. we have much in common B. we know our friends mis

31、takes C. we treat our disagreements wisely D. we have know one another for long 56. What should we do if we follow the author? s second suggestion? A. Stick to our own prints of view B. Avoid making mistakes C. Make an apology first D. Change our lifestyles E “Who made your T-shirt?” Georgetown Univ

32、ersity students raised that question. Pietra Rivoli, a professor of business, wanted to find the answer. A few weeks later, she bought a T-shirt and began to follow its path from Texas cotton farm to Chinese factory to charity bin (慈善捐贝曾箱） The result is an interesting new book， The tran s of a T-shi

33、rt in the Global Economy(经济 ). Following a T-shirt around the world is a way to make her point more interesting, but it also frees Rivoli from the usual arguments over global trade. She goes wherever the T-shirt goes, and there are surprises around every comer. In China， Rivoli shows why a clothing

34、factory, even with its poor conditions, means a step toward a better life for the people who word there. In the colorful used-clothing markets of Tanzania, she realizes that. “It is only in this final stage of life that the T-shirt will meet a real market， ” where the price of a shirt changes by the

35、 hour and is different by its size and even color. Rivoli s book is full of memorable people and scenes, like the noise, the bad air and the “muddy sweet smell(泥土香味 )of the cotton. ” She says， “ Here in the factory， Shanghai smells like shallow water Texas. 45 陕西师范大学硕士学位论文 Rivoli is at her best when

36、 making those sorts of unexpected connections. She even finds one between the free traders and those who are against globalization. The changes opened up by trade are vase, she argues, but free markets need the correcting force of politics to keep them in check. True economic progress needs them bot

37、h. 57. What do we learn about Professor Rivoli? A. She used to work on cotton farm. B. She wrote a book about world trade. C. She wants to give up her teaching job. D. She wears a T-shirt wherever she goes. 58. By saying T-shirts “meet a real market”， Rivoli means in Tanzania _ . A. cheaper T-shirts

38、 are needed B. used T-shirts are hard to sell C. prices of T-shirts rise and fall frequently D. prices of T-shirts are usually reasonable 59. What does the word “ them underlined in the last paragraph refer to? A. Free markets. B. Price changes. C. Unexpected connections. D. Chances opened up by tra

39、de. 60. What would be the best title for the text? A. What T-shirts Can Do to Help Cotton Farms B. How T-shirts Are Made in Shanghai C. How T-shirts Are Sold in Tanzania D. What T-shirts Can Teach Us Post-test (2007 年全国卷 2) A Growing up in Philadelphia, Lieberman started cooking with his stay-at-hom

40、e dad when he was sevani. His food-loving family had two kitchens, and he quickly learned what was the best way to bake his cakes. Lieberman improved his kitchen skills greatly during a year abroad before college， learning from a cook in Italy and studying local specialties (地方特色菜 ） in Germany, Spai

41、n and France. At Yale， he was known for 46 Appendix II throwing dinner parties, single-handedly frying and baking while mixing drinks for dozens of friends. Just for fun, he and some friends decided to tape a show named Campus Cuisine about his cooking. Lieberman was a real college student showing h

42、is classmates how to do things like make drinks out of dining-hall fruit. That helped the show become very popular among the students. They would stop Lieberman after classes to ask for his advice on cooking. Tapes of the show were passed around, with which his name went beyond the school and finall

43、y to the Food Network. Food Network producer Flay hopes the young cook will find a place on the network television. He says Liebermans charisma is key. ” Food TV isnt about food anymore,” says Flay. If s about your personality (个性 ） and finding a way to keep people s eyeballs on your show.11 But Lie

44、berman isn t putting all his eggs in one basket. After taping the first season of the new show, Lieberman was back in his own small kitchen preparing sandwiches. An airline company (航空公司 ） was looking for someone to come up with a tastefial， inexpensive and easy-to-make menu to serve on its flights.

45、 Lieberman got the job. 41. We can learn from the text that Liebermans family _ . A. have relatives in Europe B. love cooking at home C. often hold parties D. own a restaurant 42. The Food Network got to know Lieberman _ . A. at one of his parties B. from his teachers C. through his taped show D. on

46、 a television program 43. What does the word charisma underlined in the text refer to? A. A natural ability to attract others. B. A way to show ones achievement. C. Lieberman1 s after-class interest. D. Liebermans fine cooking skill. 44. Why did the airline company give Lieberman the job? 47 陕西师范大学硕

47、士学位论文 A. He could prepare meals in a small kitchen. B. He was famous for his shows on Food TV. C. He was good at using eggs to make sandwiches. D. He could cook cheap, delicious and simple meals. 45. What can we learn about Lieberman from the text? A. He is clever but lonely. B. He is friendly and a

48、ctive. C. He enjoys traveling around. D. He often changes his menus. B Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading ability () . They feel hopeless about it. Can you learn to read better, or must you agree that nothing can be done about it? To be sure, people are di

49、fferent. You cannot expect to do everything as well as certain otiier people do. If all the students in a class tried out for basketball, some would be very good players; others would be very poor; and many would be in between. But even the very poor players can become much better players if they are guided in the right way, and with plenty of practice. It is the same with reading. Some seem to enjoy reading and