第一节-形容词和副词类单词、词组辨析概要课件.ppt

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1、形容词和副词类单词、词组辨析形容词和副词类单词、词组辨析1. alone，lonely【解析】 alone作形容词或副词，意为“独自的(地)；独立的(地)；单独的(地)”，作表语或状语，不可作定语。 lonely作形容词，意为“孤单的；寂寞的；孤寂的”，既可作表语又可作定语。【举例】 He likes living alone. 他喜欢独居。 He is alone，but he doesnt feel lonely. 他独自一人，但并不感到寂寞。【应用】( )1. The old peasant lived in a(n) _ village far away，and he often fe

2、els _. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; lonely C. alone; alone D. lonely; alone( )2. Please dont leave me _. A. lonesome B. lone C. alone D. lonely( )3. He felt even _ in the middle of this modern city even though he didnt live _. A. lonelier; alone B. more alone; lonely C. lonelier; alonely D. alone; lo

3、nelyBCA2. aloud，loud，loudly【解析】 (1)aloud作副词，意为“出声地；大声地”，常与read，call等动词连用，强调为了使人听见而发声，但声音不一定很大，通常不用于进行比较。 (2)loud作副词，意为“响亮地；高声地”，常与speak，talk，sing，laugh等动词连用，强调音量大、传播远，常用比较级形式。loud也可以作形容词，意为“大声的”。 (3)loudly作副词，意为“响亮地”，其基本意义与 loud 相同，还常与 ring，knock 等动词连用，含有“喧闹”或“嘈杂”的意味。 【举例】 Dont read aloud in the lib

4、rary. 不要在图书馆里大声朗读。 Please speak louder，or no one can hear you. 请大声点讲，否则没有人能听到你的声音。 Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly. 突然，墙上的铃大声地响起来。【应用】( )1. The music is too _. Please turn it down. A. loudly B. loud C. aloud D. aloudly( )2. Dont talk so _. A. loud B. loudly C. aloudly D. aloud( )3. Please

5、read the letter _ so that everybody can hear you. A. aloud B. loud C. loudly D. aloudlyBBA3. be famous as.，be famous for.，be famous to.【解析】 famous意为“著名的；闻名的”，相当于known / well-known。be famous as.意为“作为而著名”。be famous for.意为“以而著名”。 be famous to sb. 意为“广为人知的；大家都熟悉的” 。 【举例】 Song Zuying is famous / known /

6、well-known as a great singer. 宋祖英作为一位了不起的歌唱家而闻名。 Chongqing is famous / known / well-known for its spicy food. 重庆以其辣的食物而闻名。 Chairman Mao is famous to every Chinese. 毛主席的名字广为人知(中国人都知道毛主席)。【应用】( )1. Guilin is famous _ her beautiful mountains and rivers. A. as B. for C. to D. in( )2. He is famous _ a gr

7、eat inventor. A. to B. for C. as D. with( )3. Obama is famous _ everyone in America. A. for B. to C. as D. atBCB4. everyday，every day【解析】 everyday是形容词，意为“每天的；日常的”，后面要接被修饰的名词。every day是副词，意为“每天”放在句首或句末，用来修饰整个句子。 【举例】 In our everyday (daily) life，we dont very often meet an elephant. 在日常生活中，人们很少见到大象。 I

8、 dont see her every day. 我不是每天都见到她。【应用】( )1. She was dressed in her _ clothes at the party. A. every day B. everyday C. casually D. usually( )2. She cant be with him _. A. everyweek B. everyday C. every day D. a day( )3. How do you go to school _?A. Monday B. every day C. everyday D. weekdayBCB5. go

9、od，well【解析】 两者都有“好”的意思。good是形容词，意为“好的”。well作副词时意为“好地”；作形容词时意为“身体好的；健康的”；作名词时意为“井”；well还可以作语气词。 【举例】 Jim is a good student. 吉姆是位好学生。 He cannot speak English well. 他英语说得不流利。 Well，Im quite well / fine. 哦，我身体很好。【应用】( )1. Im not feeling _ today. A. nicely B. well C. good D. badly( )2. Thats a _ place to

10、have fun. A. wonderfully B. terribly C. good D. well( )3. His sister is a _ singer. She sings _. A. nice; good B. wonderful; badly C. good; well D. well; beautifullyBCC6. high / low，dear / cheap【解析】 这四个词都可用来形容物品的价值，既可以作表语也可以作定语。 (1)high意为“价格高的”，反义词为low“价格低的”，强调某物价格的高低。常见的短语有at a low / high price 以低廉

11、/高昂的价格。 附：除了表示价格，high，low还可以表示嗓音、海拔、血压等的高低。 (2)dear / expensive意为“贵的”，反义词为cheap / inexpensive“便宜的”，强调某物的贵贱。 【举例】 Bill bought an iPod at a very low price. 比尔以非常低的价格买了个iPod。 That hotel serves more expensive food than that in this restaurant. 那家旅店的食物比这个餐馆的贵多了。 Bills iPod is really cheap. 比尔的iPod真的很便宜。【

12、应用】( )1. The price of the pen is _ for him. He cant afford it. A. low B. cheap C. high D. expensiveC( )2. This is an _ hat, but it has really good quality. A. dear B. high C. inexpensive D. expensive( )3. Who asked you to scream at such a _ voice?A. high B. low C. big D. small7. other，else【解析】 两者都可表

13、示“别的；其他的”。 (1)other在句子中作定语，在一般情况下，它常常修饰复数可数名词，放在被修饰的名词前面。 DA (2)else 只修饰something，anything，nothing，nobody，anybody等不定代词或who，whose，what，when，where等特殊疑问词，并放在它们的后面。 【举例】 I dont know if other students will be interested in this story. 我不知道是否有其他学生将对这个故事感兴趣。 She said that she had nothing else to do. 她说她没有其

14、他事可做。【应用】( )1. We went _ except Tiananmen Square. A. nowhere else B. else places C. else nowhere D. somewhere else( )2. Mary is here，but the _ are still out in the campus. A. else girls B. other girls C. other girl D. rest girls( )3. What _ do you need?A. other toys B. toys else C. else toys D. othe

15、rABA8. a few, few, a little, little【解析】 a few, few, a little, little均可充当形容词修饰名词，其中a few, few修饰复数可数名词，a little, little修饰不可数名词；a few, a little表示肯定的意义，few, little表示否定的意义。 附：(1)如果有only, just，quite等词修饰，我们通常说only / just / quite a few / little。 (2)a little还可以修饰形容词或副词的原级和比较级，如：a little fat有点胖；a little faste

16、r 更快一点点。【举例】 I read a few books of this famous writer recently. 最近我读过这位著名作家的几本书。 Few students can work out this problem, can they? 很少有学生能算出这道题，是吗？ Dont worry. We still have a little money left. 别担心，我们还剩下一点钱。 Theres little ink in the bottle. I need to buy some. 瓶子里面几乎没有墨水了，我得去买些。【应用】( )1. It is good

17、for the fish to have _ water plants in the tank (鱼缸)to keep the water pure.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few( )2. The twins can speak _ French, can they?A. a few B. few C. little D. a little( )3. We need to put _ salt on the fish so as to make it salty. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little DCC(

18、 )4. There are _ people in front of me in the queue. I have to wait for a long time.A. very little B. only a few C. quite a few D. quite a little( )5. David often plays alone. He has _ friends. Yes. He is too shy to make friends.A. little B. a little C. a few D. fewCD9. too many，too much，much too【解析

19、】 (1)too many意为“太多”，用作形容词，中心词是many，修饰复数可数名词。 (2)too much意为“太多”，可以用作形容词，中心词是much，修饰不可数名词。too much也可以作副词或代词。 (3) much too意为“太”，作副词，中心词是too，后接副词或形容词。 【举例】 They built too many buildings last year. 去年他们建了太多楼房。 Weve had too much rain lately. 最近我们这里的雨下得太多了。 Is watching TV too much good or bad for your heal

20、th？电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害？ He drove much too fast. 他开车开得太快了。【应用】( )1. Americans eat _ meat，in my opinion. A. so many B. too many C. too much D. much too( )2. The luggage is _ heavy. I can hardly move it. A. too much B. so much C. much too D. many too( )3. Today，_ trees are being cut down each single day.

21、 A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much tooCCA10. so.that.，such.that.【解析】 两者都可以引导结果状语从句，均表示“如此以至于”。但so在此作副词，其后只能接形容词或副词，而such是形容词，其后只能接名词。 熟记以下句型：(1)soadj./adv.that从句=suchadj.复数名词/不可数名词that从句。 (2)soadj.a / an单数名词that从句=sucha / anadj.单数名词that从句。 【举例】 These flowers are so beautiful that I want to

22、 have them all.=These are such beautiful flowers that I want to have them all. 这些花是如此的美以至于我想拥有它们全部。 The weather was so terrible that we had to stay at home all day.=It was such terrible weather that we had to stay at home all day. 天气是如此糟糕以至于我们不得不一整天待在家里。【应用】( )1. Dave is _ young that he cant go with

23、 us. A. such B. so C. too D. enough( )2. Its _ day! Lets go for an outing!A. such a beautiful B. so a beautiful C. such beautiful a D. so beautiful an( )3. It was _ lovely weather _ we decided to spend the day on the beach. A. such a； that B. such； that C. such； as D. so； thatBAB11. pleasant，pleased

24、【解析】 (1)pleasant是形容词，意为“令人愉快的；可喜的；宜人的；吸引人的”。其反义词为unpleasant。 (2)pleased是形容词，意为 “高兴的；满意的”，常用来表示某人的感受。常考搭配为be pleased with.【举例】 We need a pleasant environment to work in. 我们需要一个舒适的工作环境。 She was very pleased with her sons exam results. 她对她儿子的考试成绩很满意。 Im so pleased to hear from you again. 再次收到你的来信，我好开心。

25、(句中的pleased可用glad / happy代替)【应用】( )1. What a _ night！A. pleasant B. please C. pleasure D. pleased( )2. Shes _ to see you. A. pleased B. pleasing C. pleasure D. pleasantAA12. maybe，may be【解析】 (1)maybe是副词，相当于perhaps，意为“也许；可能”。 (2)may be 是由情态动词maybe构成的，意思是“也许是；可能是”，位于句子中间，作谓语。 【举例】 Maybe you left your

26、mobile phone in the office. 或许你把手机忘在办公室了。 Your mobile phone may be in the office.=Maybe your mobile phone is in the office. 你的手机或许在办公室。【应用】( )1. Wheres Joanne？ Im not sure. She _ in her office. A. maybe B. may be C. may D. might is( )2. _ he wasnt angry with you. A. Maybe B. Might C. May D. May beBA

27、13. ever，never，even【解析】 ever常用于完成时的疑问句，表示“曾经”；也可用于否定句，表示“在任何时候；从来”。never表示“从未”。even表示“甚至；更”，常接形容词或副词的比较级。 【举例】 Have you ever been to Mount Tai？你曾经去过泰山吗？ Im not sure Ill ever trust her again. 我不确定是否还会再次信任她。 It was so cold even after I put on my cotton coat. 天好冷，甚至在我穿上棉衣后还是很冷。【应用】( )1. Thats even _. A

28、. bad B. badder C. worse D. worst( )2. Neither of us had _ skied. A. never B. ever C. even D. forever( )3. Shes never been to the Great Wall, _ she?A. is B. isnt C. hasnt D. hasCBD14. either，too，also，as well【解析】 它们都可以表示“也”。either用于否定句，表示“也不”，置于句末，通常有逗号隔开。too用于肯定句或一般疑问句，置于句末，有逗号隔开，较口语化。also通常用于肯定句，位于

29、行为动词前面，助动词后面，较正式。as well通常用于肯定句中，置于句末，不用逗号隔开，较口语化。 【举例】 My friend doesnt like soap operas. I dont like them，either. 我的朋友不喜欢肥皂剧，我也不喜欢。 If youve passed the driving test，I guess I will pass，too. 如果你已经通过了驾照考试，我猜想我也可以通过。 Cris can speak Spanish and Chinese，and he can also speak English. 克里斯会讲西班牙语和汉语，他也会讲英

30、语。 There are apple trees on either side of the path，and roses as well. 小径的两边都有苹果树，还有玫瑰。【应用】( )1. Besides Henry，Paige wants to join the club，_. A. too B. also C. either D. neither( )2. I havent been to Korea. Coco hasnt，_. A. either B. too C. also D. as well( )3. Jackys a French teacher. Toms _ a won

31、derful French teacher. A. too B. as well C. also D. eitherAAC15. either，neither【解析】 两者都可以作形容词或代词。作形容词时，一般接单数名词；作代词时，一般接动词的单数形式。 (1)either作形容词时意为“(两者中)任一的”；作代词时意为“两者中的任何一个”，表肯定。 (2)neither作形容词时意为“(两者中)都不的”；作代词时意为“两者都不”，表否定。 附：(1)either还可作副词，意为“也不”，表否定。 (2)either.or. “要么；要么”；neither.nor.“既不；也不”。【举例】 E

32、ither road is straight. 两条路都是直的。 Either of the boys knows the way. 两个男孩都知道路。 Which day will be OK for you？ (两天中)哪一天你比较方便？ Either is OK. 任何一天都行。 Neither girl has brought the passport. 两个女孩都没有带护照。 Neither of those men reads The Times. 那两个男人都不读泰晤士报。 Which would you like，tea or Coke？ 茶和可乐你更喜欢哪一个？ Neithe

33、r，I prefer coffee. 都不喜欢，我喜欢咖啡。If you wont go，me，either.=If you wont go，neither / nor will I. 如果你不去，我也不去。 Either you or your father must see this young man today. 你或是你的父亲今天必须见这位年轻人。 He could speak neither English nor German. 他既不会讲英语也不会讲德语。【应用】( )1. Willows are planted on _ sides of the street. A. eit

34、her B. each C. neither D. both( )2. Which do you prefer, milk or coffee? _ will do, I dont particularly mind. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None( )3. Brian didnt cry，_ did Bruce. A. either B. none C. also D. neitherDBD( )4. Jane knows neither French _ English. A. but also B. and C. or D. nor( )5.

35、Either my parents or my brother _ there before. A. has been B. have been C. has gone D. have gone toDA16. each，every【解析】 两者均表示“每一个；每一的；每个的”。each通常作形容词或代词，指二者或二者以上的“每一个”，强调个体，既可用作限定词，也可单独作主语或宾语，后面可以接of。every多作形容词，指三者或三者以上的“每一个”，强调整体，不能单独使用，也不可以接of。every还有反复重复的意思，如 every three weeks。 【举例】 Each of them

36、 has an apple. 他们每人都有一个苹果。 She knows each student of the class. 她认识班级里的每个学生。 She knows every student of the class. 她认识班级里所有的学生。 I visit my grandparents every two weeks. 我每两周探望我的祖父母一次。【应用】( )1. He gave _ of his parents a book. A. each B. every C. both D. all( )2. There are flowers on _ side of the av

37、enue. A. all B. each C. every D. neither( )3. You should check your body _ two years. A. every B. each C. both D. allABA17. how often，how many times，how soon，how long，how far【解析】 疑问副词可以与一些词构成复合疑问词组，如how often, how many等。 (1)how often意为“多久一次”，对频率提问，常见的答语为频度副词always，usually，often，sometimes，seldom，hard

38、ly，never和once a week，twice a month，three or four times a year，every day，every 2 weeks等。 (2)how many times意为“多少次”，对次数提问，常见的答语为once，twice，three times等。 (3)how soon意为“过多久”，对将来要发生的动作的时间提问，常见的答语为 in时间段。 (4)how long意为“持续多久；多长”，对动作的持续时间或物体的长度提问，常见的答语为 for时间段； since时间段ago； since时间点；.meters / kilometers / mi

39、les等。 (5)how far意为“多远”，对距离提问，常见的答语为.meters / kilometers / miles away；.minutes / hours walk / drive / flight等。 【举例】How often do you practice speaking English？ 你多久练习一次英语口语？Every day. 每天(都练习)。How many times has your uncle been to South Africa？ 你叔叔去过南非多少次？Hes been there five times. 他去过那里五次。How soon will

40、 the new stadium be built？新体育馆什么时候将会建成？In half a month. 半个月后。How long will the meeting last？ 会议将持续多久？For about 3 days. 大约三天。How long is this river？ 这条河有多长？1,843 meters. 1,843米。How far is the nearest international airport？最近的国际机场有多远？15 minutes bus ride. 15分钟的车程。【应用】( )1. _have you been to China? Five

41、 times. A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How many times( )2. _ will the manager come back？ Maybe in three days. A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How far( )3. I dont know _ his new apartment is from here. Maybe 10 minutes by bike. A. how long B. how soon C. how often D. how farDCD( )4.

42、_ does he take this medicine? Twice a day. A. How soon B. How long C. How much D. How often( )5. _ have you been in this factory? I have been here since 1993. A. When B. How long C. How often D. How farDB18. sometimes，some times，sometime，some time【解析】 sometimes 作副词，意为“有时候”，同义词组为at times。some times 意

43、为“几次”，此时time作可数名词，作“次数”解。sometime作副词，意为“某个时候”，可指过去或将来的某个时候。some time意为“某段时间”，常与for连用。 巧记：分开是“一段”，相连为“某时”；分开s是“倍、次”，相连s是“有时”。【举例】 Every man is a fool sometimes，and none at all times. 每个人有时都会犯傻，但没有谁会一直都傻。 I am sure that we have met some times before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。 Well take our holiday sometime in Aug

44、ust. 我们会在八月某个时间去度假。(将来) I bought this sometime last summer. 这是我去年夏天某个时候买的。(过去) We plan to stay in Hainan for some time. 我们打算在海南待上一段时间。【应用】( )1. Kate will be back _ in February. A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times( )2. This room is _ bigger than that one. A. sometimes B. some times C. some time D. sometime( )3. I hear from him _. A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times( )4. She said that she would stay there for _. A. some times B. sometimes C. sometime D. some timeABCD