新概念第二册(共12页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上新概念二Lesson25课堂内容Do the English Speak English?I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me

2、. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. I am a foreigner, I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then

3、he said something and I understood it. Youll soon learn English! he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I dont understand them! Do they speak English?Part 1 Basic words and expressions1. arrive (v) 到达arrive in 后接大地点arrive at 后接小

4、地点表示到达的词还有 reach(及物动词，直接加地点)，get to；例：He arrived in Shanghai last Sunday. My brother arrived at the village yesterday. I will reach there in ten minutes. When will you get to school?2. at last 最终；最后 相当于finally After some hard work, he passed the exam at last.3. railway n.铁路【词义相关】railroad 铁路（美）railwa

5、y/railroad station 火车站The railway station was big, black and dark.A new railway is being built.4. the way to 去某地的路I dont know the way to the nearest station. 5. porter n.搬运工Did you remember to tip the porter? 你记得给搬运工小费了吗？6. not onlybut also的用法用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅而且”；其中的also有时可以省略。如：She not

6、only plays well, but also writes music. 她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well. 他不仅平时工作，星期日也工作。使用not only but also 时须注意的几点：(1) not only与but also后面所连接的词的词性必须对等：Franklin was considered not only an inventor, but also a statesman. 富兰克林不仅被看作发明家，而且被看作政治家。The nurse was not only

7、 competent but also kind. 这位护士不仅能干而且亲切和蔼。Not only you but also she has to attend the ceremony. 不令你而且她也得参加典礼。(2) not only只能连用，而but also既可连用，也可分开用：Television is not only boring, but it also wastes a lot of time. 电视不仅乏味，而且还浪费许多时间。she was not only compelled to stay at home, but she was also forbidden to

8、 see her friends. 她不仅被强迫蹲在家中，而且被禁止去看朋友。(3) 谓语动词的数应与but also后主语的数保持一致：Not only you but also Mr. Zhang teaches in this college. 不仅你，张老师也在此学院教书。除了not onlybut also 之外，可用于就近原则的还有 neithernor/eitheror/there be句型(4) not only放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构：Not only does television appeal to those who can read but to those

9、who cant. 电视不仅吸引阅读的人，而且也吸引了不会阅读的人。7. as well 也，还，是副词短语，其义为“也”，相当于too，它一般放在句末，有时和连词and或but 搭配使用。例如：Why dont you come along as well? 为什么你不也一起来呢？ They all do military training as well. 他们也都进行军事训练。 He undertook other important work as well. 他也从事其它的重要工作。8. however (1) however可以做副词，含义为“但是，可是，不过”。多插在句中，有时放

10、在句首或句尾。例如：However，they did not seem to have much effect.不过，他们似乎没有起太大的作用。He said that it was so; he was mistaken，however.他说事情就是这样；然而，他错了。(2) however还可以做连词，含义为“不管如何，多么”，引导让步状语从句。从句的语序为：however + adj./adv.+主语+句子的其他成分。例如：We shall never succeed，however much we try.无论我们多么的努力，都不可能成功。However cold it is，she

11、always goes swimming.无论天多冷，她总是去游泳。9 several （数量词） 几个【词义相关】several quantifier 几个severala number of 一些，只能修饰可数several times 许多次（不能说some times）【词汇拓展】some 一些, 即可以修饰可数, 又可以修饰不可数a great number of 大量的some time 一段时间some time age 一段时间以前sometime adv. 某时 I will defeat you sometime. (总有一天我将打败你)sometimes adv. 有时,

12、 偶尔10. neithernorneithernor是个复合连词，表示“既不也不”的意思，是对所连接的并列成分作全部否定。如果neithernor连接两个名词或代词作主语时，句中的谓语动词在人称和数上要与后一个名词或代词保持一致。它的完全肯定形式是：bothandI neither smoke nor drink我既不抽烟也不喝酒。Neither you nor I am a student你不是学生，我也不是学生。11. foreigner n. 外国人【词义相关】foreign adj. 外国的12 wonder v. 感到奇怪 n. 奇迹，奇观，奇才；惊奇，惊讶 Jane is a w

13、onder. She never fails in her examinations.the seven wonders of the world in ancient times 世界古代七大奇观 vi.&vt. 感到惊讶，感到诧异，对事情感奇怪They wondered that there was a modern building in district.wonder at sth.I wonder at the beauty of the old town. vt.&vi.（对）感到疑惑/怀疑，想要知道wonder +if +从句 是否I wonder if you have any

14、 spare time.wonder +特殊疑问词 +从句I wonder what time it is.I wonder why you are late.I wondered where you were going.Could you tell me how to get to? I wondered how to get there. 问路【词义相关】no wonder 难怪wonderful adj. 极好的Part 2 Passage Analysis1、Do the English speak English?English这里均为名词，第一个指“英国人”，前面要加the，表示

15、一个群体，后面的动词必须用复数；第二个指“英语”，指语言时前面不加冠词。The English often talk about the weather.English还可以作形容词，表示“英格兰的，英国的，英国人的”等。与English相似的单词有French，Chinese，Japanese等。2、I arrived in London at last.arrive vi. 到达arrive at 小地点；arrive in 大地点When will you arrive?reach vt. 到达（后面一定要加宾语）When will you reach(arrive in) Beijin

16、g?get to+宾语 到达When will you get to Beijing?How can I get there?home/there都是副词，副词跟动词连用的时候不需要加介词，arrive也一样；但一般不用“reach home/there”，如一定要这样写则把“home”看作名词，“there”当代词看, 不作副词看。get home 到家；get there 到那3、The railway station was big, black and dark.并列的表达方式中前面都是用逗号隔开, 最后两个用and连接black 颜色(建筑物)The room is black.da

17、rk 没有光线 It is dark.4、I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter.the way to 通往路Can you tell me the way to?I dont know the way to. Can you tell me how to get there?I dont know the way to the school and where is it?I know the way.know sth. well 对很熟悉I know the boy well.5、I not only spoke En

18、glish very carefully, but very clearly as well.not only.but.as well= not onlybut also 不但而且I can speak not only Chinese but English as well.Mary not only found her aunt, but stayed with her for two weeks as well.Not only you but also I will go there. 主语并列(一般不这么用)not only喜欢放在动词的前面，一般遇到实义动词和非实义动词的时候, 习

19、惯放在两者之间I can not only speak Chinese but English as well. (更习惯的说法)I not only like my mother but my father as well.as well本身的含义是“也、又、还”。If you go home tomorrow, Ill go as well.He lent me his pen, and his dictionary as well.6、He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.neithernor 既不，也不Neith

20、er the boss nor his secretary is flying to New York.7、My teacher never spoke English like that!like这里是介词，表示“像，像一样”Theres no one like you. 没有人像你一样。He speaks like a foreigner.To learn English well is to study hard.但在口语中： To learn English well is study hard. (没to) Part 3 Grammar并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句

21、构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词,只在两个简单句之间用逗号或分号。并列连词的用法1. 表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有but, yet 等。如：Someone borrowed my pen, but I dont remember who. 有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。He said he was our friend, yet he wouldnt help us. 他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。2. 表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有for, so 等。如：The child had a bad cough, so his mother

22、took him to the doctor. 这孩子咳得很利害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors. 你们一定要克服粗心的毛病，因为粗心常常引起严重的错误。注意：for 表示结果通常不能放句首，不能单独使用用来回答why问题也不能用于not nolybut also句子。例：-Why are you here?-Because I want to have a good dinner. (正)-For I want to have a goo

23、d dinner. （误）I like you not only because you are beautiful, but also because you so quite well in English. （正）I like you not only for you are beautiful, but also for you so quite well in English. （误）3. 表示并列关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有and , or , eitheror , neithernor , not onlybut (also) , bothand , as well as 等。

24、如：He didnt go and she didnt go either. 他没去，她也没去。The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。It is important for you as well as for me. 这对你和对我都很重要。People who are either under age or over age may not join the army. 年

25、龄不到或者超龄的人都不得参军。从属连词的用法1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词(1) 表示“当时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的when, while, as, whenever。如：Dont talk while youre eating. 吃饭时不要说话。Vegetables are best when they are fresh. 蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。(2) 表示“在之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after。如：Try to finish your work before you leav

26、e. 离开前设法把工作做完。After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass. 喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。(3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till。如：Shes been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。Hold on until I fetch help. 坚持一下，等我找人来帮忙。Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (谚)不要无事惹事。(4) 表示“一就”的时间连词

27、。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no soonerthan, hardlywhen 等。如：Ill let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。The moment I have finished Ill give you a call. 我一干完就给你打电话。I came immediately I heard the news. 我一听到这个消息，马上就

28、来了。Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦开始, 便不可停下来。注：此处为北京市特有的中考考点，“主将从现”用法的体现。许多学生只知“主将从现”四个字，却不会用于句型，一定要将一般现在时表将来的用法解释清楚。(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：Ill tell him about it (the) next time I se

29、e him. 我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands. 每当我们洗手的时候，我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。You can call me any time you want to. 你随时都可以给我打电话。注意：every time, each time, any time 前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time 中的冠词可以省略，而the first time 中的冠词通常不能省略。2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有if, unless,

30、 as so long as, in case 等。如：Do you mind if I open the window? 我开窗你不介意吧?Dont come unless I telephone. 除非我打电话，否则你别来。As long as youre happy，it doesnt matter what you do. 只要你高兴，你做什么都没关系。In case it rains they will stay at home. 万一下雨，他们就呆在家里。注意：在条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。不过，有时表示条件的if 之后可能用will，但

31、那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will 为情态动词)。如：If you will sit down for a few moments, Ill tell the manager youre here. 请稍坐, 我这就通知经理说您来了。3. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要的有in order that, so that, in case, for fear 等。如：He raised his voice so that everyone could hear. 他提高了嗓音，以便每个人都能听见。Take your umbrella (just) in case it rain

32、s. 带上雨伞，以防下雨。She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand. 她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。4. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要的有so that, sothat, suchthat 等。如：I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat. 我去听演讲去得很早, 所以找个好座位。I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over. 我摔了许多跤，以致于全身都

33、是青一块紫一块的。He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他关窗子用力很大, 结果玻璃震破了。5. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。如：He distrusted me because I was new. 他不信任我，因为我是新来的。As you are sorry，Ill forgive you. 既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你。Since weve no money, we cant

34、 buy it. 由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。Seeing that hes ill hes unlikely to come. 因为他病了，他大概不会来了。Now that she has apologized, I am content. 既然她已经道了歉, 我也就满意了。6. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever 等。如：Although they are twins, they look entire

35、ly different. 他们虽是孪生, 但是相貌却完全不同。I like her even though she can be annoying. 尽管她有时很恼人, 但我还是喜欢她。You wont move that stone, however strong you are. 不管你力气多大, 也休想搬动那块石头。Whatever we have achieved, we owe to your support. 我们取得的一切成就都归功于你们的支持。Whoever you are, you cant pass this way. 不管你是谁，你都不能从这里通过。Whenever I

36、 see him I speak to him. 每当我见到他，我都和他讲话。7. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要的有as, as if, as though, the way 等。如：Why didnt you catch the last bus as I told you to? 你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢?He bent the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber. 他将铁棍折弯，仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。Nobody else loves you the way(=as) I do. 没有人像我这样爱你。8. 引导地点状语从句的从

37、属连词。主要的有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere 等。如：The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple. 这座教堂盖在一座罗马寺庙的旧址。Ill take you anywhere you like. 你想到哪儿我就带你到哪儿。Everywhere I go，I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里，我都发现同样情况。9. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要的有than 和asas。如：She was now happier than she had eve

38、r been. 现在她比过去任何时候都快活。I glanced at my watch. It was earlier than I thought. 我看了看表，时间比我想象的早。He doesnt work as hard as she does. 他工作不像她那样努力。10. 引起名词从句的从属连词。主要有that, whether, if 等，它们用于引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其中that 不仅不充当句子成分，而且没有词义，在句子中只起连接作用；而if, whether 虽不充当句子成分，但有词义，即表示“是否”。如：He replied that he was g

39、oing by train. 他回答说他将坐火车去。I wonder if its large enough. 我不知道它是否够大。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我为是否伤了她的感情而担心。练习：将下列句子用一个连词连接成一句话。1. He finished lunch. He went into the garden._2. I ran into the station. I missed the train._3. He teaches English. He teaches French._4. You must tell him.

40、 I must tell him._5. He doesnt speak English. I dont speak English._6. You must wash the dishes. You must sweep the floor._1. He finished lunch and went into the garden.2. I ran into the station but missed the train.3. He teaches both English and French.4. Either you or I must tell him.5. Neither he

41、 nor I speak English.6. You must not only wash the dishes but sweep the floor as well.课堂检测1. Hurry up, _ well be late for the film. A. and B. but C. so D. or2. _ Monday_ Tuesday is OK, I will be free then. A. Either, or B. Neither, nor C. So, that D. Both, and3. The weather in Britain is_ too cold i

42、n winter_ too hot in summer. A. either, or B. either, and C. neither, nor D. or, and4. Do you want to do it now _ would you rather put it later? A. but B. and C. or D. yet5. He brought to _ his aunt _ his father a lot of happiness. A. not only, but also B. either, or C. neither, norD. both, and6. I

43、felt very tired _ I went to bed early. A. and B. or C. so D. but1-6 D A C C D C课后作业一、单项选择： 1. At dinner, I asked her if she_ her dinner. A. is enjoying B. was enjoying C. enjoys D. enjoyed2. But she had to_ the company and_ a man in order to get a job. A. lie to, pretended to be B. lie, pretended to

44、 be C. lie to, pretended being D. lie, pretended as3. I would appreciate_ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. you calling D. youre calling4. She pretended_ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen5. My brother often say something_. A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. interestingly6. When I_ last night, I_ nobody in my livi