初中英语语法-现在进行时详解和习题(共47页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初中英语语法_现在进行时详解和习题初中英语语法现在进行时详解和习题1【- 中考】大家知道，谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。现在进行时表示1、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。E.g. They are working these days.3、某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。E.g I am coming.其结构为be+现在分词. 现在分词的变法有1、一般在动词词尾加上

2、-ing ,E.g. jump2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing. E.g have write3、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加上-ing. E.g. sit put其句式变换都在be上做文章。E.g. He is buying a bike.Is he buying a bike?He isnt buying a bike.一般由look,listen,now, at this moment等时间状语做标志。尽管现在进行时比较简单，但在做题过程中也常会犯一些错误，常见的错误有如下几种：自我检测（一） 、单选1

3、、 Look! He _their mother do the housework.A. is helping B. are help C. is help D.is helpping2 、_are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.A .Who B .How C.What D.Where3、 Dont talk here. My mother _.A. is sleeping B .are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep4 、Danny _. Dont call him.A. is writeing B .

4、is writing C.writing D .writes5 、When_he_back? Sorry, I dont know.A. does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming答案：A C A B D（二）、填空1、 Its ten oclock. My mother _(lie)in bed.2、 What_he _(mend)?3、 We _(play)games now.4、 What _you_(do) thesse days?5、 _he _(clean) the classroom?6、 Who_(sing)in the next

5、room?7 、The girl_(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She _(wear)a red sweater today.答案：1 is lying 2 is mending 3 are playing 4 are doing5 Is cleaning 6 is singing 7 likes ; is wearing一、把动词变成现在分词形式易出错例：1、They are swiming.(swim)2 、Jenny is plaiing(play)football.答案：1.swimming 2 .playing解析：动词变现在分词可有如下口诀:“一添一

6、去y不变”. “一添”指双写规则；“一去”指去掉不发音字母e规则；“y不变”指要与名词变复数区分开。二、丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词例：1、 Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.2 、Li Mingisnt read ( not read) a book in bed now.答案：1 are flying 2 isnt reading解析:现在进行时肯定句的结构规律为: “be+现在分词,缺一不可”。这一点必须牢记。三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing例：1 、The students are singing in

7、the room.(对划线部分提问)What are the students in the room?答案：What are the students doing in the room?解析:现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式“What +be +主语+doing+其它?”或简写为“What.doing.”?句式。四、现在进行时态的选择疑问句中易忽视or后用现在分词形式例：孩子们在跑还是在跳？Are the children running or jump?答案：Are the children running or jumping?解析: or连接的是两个并列成分，动词形式须一致。初中

8、英语同义词全表above / over 在上方 almost / nearly 几乎；差不多 also / too 也；同样 among / between 在之间 around / near(by) 在周围 arrive (at / in) / reach, get to 到达 autumn / fall 秋天 baby / child 孩子 bad / ill, wrong 坏的；错的 become / get, grow, turn 变得；成为 begin / start 开始 below / under 在下面 beside / near, next to 在旁边；附近 big / l

9、arge, great 大的 bright / sunny, shining 晴朗的 busy / working 忙碌的 centre / middle 中间 certainly / of course 当然 clever / bright 聪明的 common / usual 普通的；通常的 dear / expensive 昂贵的 difficult / hard 困难的；艰巨的 easy / simple 容易的；简单的 enjoyable / pleasant 有乐趣的；使人快乐的 every / each 每个 fail / miss, lose 失败；丧失 fall / drop

10、 落下 famous / well-known 著名的 fast / quick(ly) 迅速的（地） fine / good, nice 好的；优的 finish / end 结束；终点 following / next 以下的 friendly / kind 友好的 game / match 比赛 glad / happy, pleased 愉快的；高兴的 go / leave 离去；离开 healthy / fine, well 健康的 helpful / useful 有益的；有用的 high / tall 高的 hope / wish, want 希望；想要 house / home

11、 家 ill / sick 生病的 journey / travel, trip 旅行；旅途 knock / hit, beat 敲打；击中；打败 know / understand 懂得；理解 laugh / smile 笑 like / enjoy, love 喜欢；热爱 line / row 排；行列 little / small 小的 loud / noisy 大声的；嘈杂的 maybe / perhaps 可能；大概 noise / sound 声音 OK / fine, all right 好吧；行 own / have, hold 拥有；持有 problem / question

12、, puzzle 问题 pupil / student 学生 rainy / wet 下雨的；有雨的 real / true 真正的；真实的 receive / get 接受；得到 ring / call, telephone 打电话 rock / stone 岩石；石头 room / space 空间；余地 sad / unhappy, sorry 悲伤的；难过的 say / speak, talk, tell 说话 seem / look 看似 several / some / a few 几个；若干个 shout / cry, call 叫喊 sleep / rest 睡觉；休息 sta

13、y / live 逗留；居住 street / road 街道；路 sunny / bright, clear, fine 晴朗的 take / need 需要 terribly / badly, very 非常 town / city 城镇 very / quite, rather, greatly 非常；相当 whether / if 是否 whole / total 全部；总共 zero / nothing 零初中英语反义词全表above 在上 below 在下 after 在后 before 在前 all 全部 none 全无 alone 单独地 together 一起 always

14、总是 sometimes 有时 answer 回答 ask 询问 answer 答案 question 问题 back 背部 front 前面 bad 坏的 good 好的 badly 恶劣地 well 很好地 begin 开始 end, finish 结束 best 最好的 worst 最坏的 better 更好的 worse 更坏的 big 大的 small, little 小的 black 黑的 white 白的 borrow 借入 lend 借给 both 两者都 neither 两者都不 break 打破 mend, repair 修理 busy 忙碌的 free 空闲的 buy 买

15、（入） sell 卖（出） certainly 当然地 perhaps, maybe 或许；大概 cheap 便宜的 expensive, dear 昂贵的 clean 干净的 dirty 肮脏的 clever 聪明的 foolish 愚蠢的 cloudy 天阴的 bright, clear, sunny 晴朗的 cold 寒冷的 hot 炎热的 come 来 go 去 cool 凉爽的 warm 温暖的 danger 危险 safety 安全 dark 黑暗的 bright, light 明亮的 day 白天 night 夜晚 dead 死的 alive, living 活的 death 死

16、亡 life 生命 die 死去 live 活着 down 向下 up 向上 dry 干燥的 wet 潮湿的 early 早的 late 迟的 easy 容易的 difficult, hard 困难的；艰巨的 empty 倒空 fill 装满 empth 空的 full 满的 entrance 入口 exit 出口 fall 落下 rise 升起 far 远的 near 近的 fine 晴朗的 cloudy, rainy 天阴的；下雨的 finish 结束 begin, start 开始 first 最初的 last 最后的 foreign 外国的 home 本国的 forget 忘记 rem

17、ember 记得 from 从 to 到 give 给予 take 拿走 glad 愉快的 sad, sorry 悲伤的；难过的 good 好的 bad, ill, poor 坏的；恶劣的 great 伟大的 little, small 渺小的 happy 高兴的 unhappy, sad 难过的 hard 艰难的 easy 容易的 hard 硬的 soft 软的 hate 憎恨 love, like 热爱；喜欢 here 在这里 there 在那里 high 高的 low 低的 hold 拿住 drop 掉落 holiday 假日 weekday 工作日；平时 ill 生病的 healthy

18、, well 健康的 in 在里面 out 在外面 inside 在里面 outside 在外面 into 到里面 out of 从里向外 kill 杀死 save 救活laugh 笑 cry 哭 leave 离开 arrive 到达 leave 离开 stay 逗留 light 明亮的 dark 黑暗的 light 轻的 heavy 重的 like 喜欢 hate 憎恨 like 与一样 unlike 与不一样 lose 丢失 find 找到 lose 失败；丢失 win 胜利；赢得 many 许多 few 很少 miss 未抓住；未赶上 catch 抓住；赶上 miss 未击中 hit 击

19、中 more 更多的 less, fewer 更少的 most 最多的 least, fewest 最少的 move 移动 stop 停止 much 许多 little 很少 never 从未 ever 曾经 next 下一个 last 上一个 nobody 无一人 everybody 每个人 nothing 什么也没有 everything 一切 now 现在 then 当时 old 旧的 new 新的old 年老的 young 年轻的on 连续；使用中 off 离开；中断 open 打开（的） close(d) 关闭（的） over 在上 under 在下 pain 痛苦 pleasure

20、 快乐 pass 通过；及格 fail 未通过；不及格 poor 贫穷的 rich 富裕的 pull 拉 push 推 quiet 寂静的 noisy 嘈杂的 rainy 下雨的 dry 干旱的 right 右边（的） left 左边（的） right 正确的 wrong 错误的 sad 悲伤的 glad, happy 快乐的 safe 安全的 dangerous 危险的 same 相同的 different 不同的 short 短的 long 长的 short （个子）矮的 tall （个子）高的 sleep 睡觉 wake 醒来 slow(ly) 满的（地） quick(ly), fast

21、 快的（地） small 小的 big, large, great 大的 start 开始 end, finish 结束；停止 start 出发 reach 到达strong 强壮的 weak 虚弱的take 拿走；夺取 bring 带来 take 拿取 give 给予 teach 教（课） learn 学习 these 这些 those 那些 thin 瘦的 fat 胖的 thin 薄的 thick 厚的 this 这个 that 那个 town 城镇 country 乡下 true 真实的 untrue 不真实的；假的 usual 通常的；平常的 unusual 不寻常的 whole 全体

22、；全部 part 部分 wide 宽的 narrow 窄的 with 带有的 without 不带的 work 工作 play, rest 玩；休息 yes 是的 no 不是的初一英语试卷一.选择填空。( )1. What do you have _ supper?A. forB. at C. withD. on( )2. She isn t good _ maths. Could you help her _ her maths?A. with, with B. at, at C. with, at D. at, with( )3. We should learn _ each other.

23、A. to B. with C. fromD. for ( )4. Are you _ music?A. listen to B. listening to C. listeningD. listen at( )5. When _ Mary _ to school?A. is, goB. do, go C. do, goesD. does, go( )6.What do you often do _ Sunday morning?A. onB. in C. atD. for( )7. There _ a lot of food at home.A. areB. is C. have D. ha

24、s( )8. Do you have _ to buy a computer?A. many moneyB. enough money C. money enough D. a lot money( )9. What about _ computer games.A. to playB. to playing C. playingD. play( )10.Excuse me, we cant _ our tickets.A. look forB. find C. to look forD. to find( )11. _ are Young Pioneers.A. All studentB.

25、All of students C. All of the studentsD. All students( )12. The birds are singing _ the tree.A. onB. in C. of D. at( )13. We are doing _.A. our homeworksB. us homework C. we homeworkD. our homework( )14. Some girls are on the hill. Where are _?A. another girlB. others girls C. the other girlsD. the

26、other girl( )15. What are they doing? They _.A. take photos B. are taking photo C. take a photo D. are taking photos( )16.How do you_this book?A.read B.want C.like D.write( )17.Who teaches_English this team?A.we B.us C.our D.ours( )18.She doesnt like milk but likes orange_.A.at all B.little C.a lot

27、D.a lot of( )19.There are _pens_pencils in the box.A.not ,and B.no,and C.dont,/ D.no,or( )20.He is_American.Im_E nglish.A.a,a B.an,a C.the,the D./,/二.完形填空I am a middle-school student. Now let _1_ tell you something _2_ our classroom.Its very _3_. There are two maps _4_ the back wall. _5_ is a map of

28、 China._6_ is a map of the world (世界). There are _7_ desks and chairs in our classroom. There is a big desk _8_ theteacher in the front of it. We _9_ four classes in the _10_ and two in the afternoon 1. a. Ib. my c. med. we 2. a. aboutb. in c. on d. at 3. a. small b. big c. bigger d. biggest 4. a. i

29、n b. on c. under d. over 5. a. It b. Its c. One d. one 6. a. Other b. Others c. Another d. The other 7. a. fourty b. forty c. forteen d. fourteenth 8. a. for b. of c. to d. about 9. a. there is b. there are c. has d. have 10. a. moningb. mourning c. morning d. moring三.阅读理解。 AJan：I have new photos of

30、 my family, but they re not very good. This is my sisterMark：Where is she? Is she at the library?Jan：No, she s in the living room. She s doing her homework. And that s my brother.Mark：Is he doing his homework, too? Whats he eating?Jan：He s watching a scary movie on TV and eating french fries.This is

31、 a picture of my aunt and my mother.Mark：Is that -your mother in the pool?Jan：No, thats my aunt. My mother cant swim. And this is my mother and my aunt at the shop. They really like shopping and eating at the shop. Mark: Interesting photos.( )1. The pictures are _.A. good B. interesting C. scary( )2

32、. Jan s sister is doing her homework _.A. at the library B. at the pool C. in the living room( )3. Jan s brother isn t _.A. doing his homework B. watching TV C. eating french fries( )4. Jan s _ can t swim.A. sister B. mother C. aunt( )5. Jan s mother and aunt like _ at the shop.A. eating french frie

33、s B. shopping C. swimming B阅读短文，判断正误。正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。Mr Jones and Mr Brown work in the same office (办公室).One day Mr Jones says to Mr Brown ,“I will have a small party at our house on Monday evening . Would you and your wife like tocome ?” Mr Brown says , “Thank you very much . Id love to , but let m

34、e ask my wife first .”So Mr Brown goes to the other room and telephones his wife . Then he comes back and looks veryworried . “Whats the matter?” asks Mr Jones . “Is you wife there at home ?” “No,” answers Mr Brown . “She isnt there . My small son answers the telephone . Isay to him , Is your mother

35、 there , David ? and he answers No , she isnt in thehouse.Where is she ? I ask ,She is somewhere outside(在外面) .Whats she doing?She is looking for me .” 1There is a party at Mr Joness house on Monday evening . ( ) 2Mr Jones asks Mr Brown and his wife to go to the party . ( ) 3The telephone is in Mr B

36、rowns office. ( ) 4Mr Brown speaks to Mrs Brown on the telephone . ( ) 5Mrs Brown is looking for her son . ( ) COne Sunday morning Mr Green and his child , Bill ,are in a big shop . Mr Green wants tobuy a new blouse for Mrs Green . Bill likes oranges , so his father buys two kilos(公斤)oforanges for h

37、im , too . Bill wants to buy some picturebooks and colour pencils , too . Thereare many people in the shop . They are men and women , old and young . They all want to buysomething there . 6Mr Green goes to the shop with _. AMrs greenBhis son Chis daughterDhis father 7Mr Green wants to buy a new blou

38、se for _. ABills mother BBill Chis friend Dother people 8Bill likes _. Aall the things Bthe new blouse Coranges Dorange 9Bill wants to buy _. Asome picturebooks Bsome colour pencils Cclothes in the shop DA and B 10The shop is _. Aempty Bclose Cfull of children Dfull of people四.短文填空On weekdays, Mary

39、_1_ (get) up at 6:30. She _2_ (have) breakfast at home and then she _3_ (go ) to school. She _4_ (get ) to school at about 7:30 every morning. She _5_ (not like) to be late.Mary _6_ (have) four classes in the morning and at two in the afternoon. Classes are over at 3:40. Someimes she _7_ (play) game

40、s with her classmate（同学）. Sometime she _8_ (fly) kites. She _9_ (get) home at 4:40.In the evening she often _10_ (watch) TV, but sometimes she talks with her mother . She goes at about 10:00.五.完成句子1. I have two _. ( knife)2. Whose _ are these ? ( child )3. These photos are hers. They are not _. (I)4

41、. What about _ shopping? (go)5. The little girl is _ on her hat now. (put)6. The man is opening the door. He isnt _ the door. (open 的反义词)7. What is the teacher doing? He is _(write) the words on the blackboard.8.There _ some bananas in the bag. (be)9. Lucy and Lily can speak a little _. (China)10. Is it _ to make cakes? (hard 的反义语)11. There is little f_and drinks in the fridge. Lets go shopping.12. He is good at swimming in r _and lakes.13. Do you have enough m _to buy a new computer?14. The last day of the week is S _ .15. We must help each other and I _from each other.六.补全对话 a