2022年初中英语动词用法 .pdf

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1、学习好资料欢迎下载初中英语动词用法A actv. 表演，演戏act as sb./ sth. 充任某角色，担任某工作I don t understand English, so you have to act as my interpreter(翻译 )。其他用法： act for 代表某人，代理某人的职位During her illness, her lawyer has been acting for her in her business. 在她生病期间，她的律师一直代理她的业务。add v. (1)加，增加，添加add sth. to sth. 往.里添加 . eg. If the t

2、ea is too strong, add some water to it. eg. He added his signature to the petition(请愿书 )。add A and B (together) 加eg. If you add 5 and 5, you get 10. add to sth. 增加某事物eg. The bad weather only add to our difficulties. 这种坏天气更增加了我们的困难。(2) 补充；继续说eg. “ I ll come here later. he added. add in 包括 .在内eg. Don

3、t forget add me in. 别忘了把我算上。add up 合计，加起来add up to 总计达到add fuel to the fire 火上浇油affordv. 负担得起（ .的费用，损失，后果） ，买得起；抽得出时间（常与 can, could, be able to 连用）afford sth. eg. I d love to go on holiday but I can t afford the time. eg. They walked because the can t afford a taxi. afford to do sth. eg. They walked

4、 because they can t afford to take a taxi. eg. I have to work hard because I can t afford to loose my job. agreev. 同意，赞同agree with sb. 同意某人的意见eg. I agree with you. agree on + 表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词eg. We agreed on the plan. agree to do sth. 同意做某事eg. We agreed to start early. agree that + 宾语从句eg. She agre

5、ed that I was right. 其他用法： agree with sb. (尤用于否定或疑问句) （对某人的健康或胃口）适合I like mushrooms but unfortunately they don t agree with me. 我喜欢吃蘑菇，可惜吃了以后难受。The humid climate in the south didn t agree with him. 他不适应南方潮湿的气候。aimv. 瞄准，对准aim at 瞄准，针对aim at the target 瞄准目标 / 靶子 ；aim at a success 志在成功eg. My remarks we

6、re not aim at you. 我的话不是针对你。allowv. 允许，准许allow doing sth. eg. We don t allow smoking in our house. 在我们家不允许抽烟。allow sb. to do sth. eg. They allow her to go to the party. 他们允许她去参加晚会。allow sb. in/ out/ up 允许某人进来 / 出去 / 起来annoyv. 使恼怒，使生气annoy sb. 使某人生气，使某人心烦eg. I was annoyed by his remarks. 他的言论激怒了我。精品资

7、料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载appearv. 出现；露面；（公开）演出appear to do 好象是It appears that + 从句eg. It appears to me that you are all wrong. 我觉得你们全都错了。appreciatev. 感激appreciate sth. appreciate doing sth. arguev. 争论，争吵argue with sb. a

8、bout/ over/ on sth. 与某人争论某事eg. We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal. 其他用法： argue sb. into/ out of doing sth. 说服某人做 / 不做某事eg. They argue his into giving up his plan. arrivev. 到达arrive in + 大地方eg. We arrived in Paris. arrive at + 小地方eg. We arrived at the station/ my nation town. 其他用法：

9、 arrive at sth. 达成或得出某事物arrived at an agreement(达成协议 )/ a conclusion(得出结论 ) What dicision did you arrived at? 你们做出了什么决定？askv. 询问，问ask sth. eg. May I ask questions? ask sb. sth. eg. He asked me the way to the supermarket. He asked me their names. He asked me where he should go. ask sb. about sth. eg.

10、 He asked me about my health. ask sb.to do sth. eg. He ask me to stop smoking. He ask me not to swim here. ask for sth. (to do sth.) 请求eg. She asked for more time (to think it over). 她请求多一点时间（仔细考虑）。ask for sb. 找（某人）Did anyone ask for me last week? 其他用法： ask the way 问路；ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃attemp

11、tv. 企图，试图试图做某事attempt to do sth. attempt doing sth. B beat v. 打败，战胜beat sb. (at sth.) 在某方面打败 / 胜过某人He beats me at chess. 他在下棋方面胜我一筹。beat sb. 打某人become v. 成为，变成become + 名词He became a doctor at last. become interesting in 变得对 .感兴趣其他用法： What becomes/ will become of sb./ sth.? 某人某事的情况如何eg. What will bec

12、ome if I die? 假如我死了我的孩子会怎么样呢？精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载beginv. 开始begin to do sth. = begin doing sth. 开始做某事begin with 由.开始eg. We will begin with you. 从你开始。eg. The concert(音乐会 ) began with a piano solo( 钢琴独奏 ). behavev.

13、 举止，表现behave well/ badly 表现好 / 不好，举止良好/ 不好believev. 相信，认为believe sb. 相信某人说的话eg. I believe him. 我相信他的话。believe in sb. 相信 / 信任某人eg. I believe in him. 我相信他。believe sb. + adj. eg. I believe him honest. 我相信他是诚实的。believe + 从句eg. I believe that he can do the job well. belongv. 属于belong to borrowv. 借，借入，借进b

14、orrow sth.( from sb.) 从某地 / 某人处借 . borrow a book (from library) bow v. 鞠躬bow to 服从bow to sb s oppinion 屈从某人的意见make a bow 鞠躬take a bow 鞠躬答谢breakv. 打破，违背break into 闯进break away (from ) (从)逃脱break into/ to pieces 碎成片break up with sb. 与某人绝交break sth. off 突然中断、终止某事物break down 汽车抛锚break out 突然发生eg. Fire b

15、roke out last night. 夜间突然失火了。break through sth. 克服eg. break through the difficulties 克服困难bringv. 拿来，取来，带来bring sth. to sb. = bring sb. sth. 把某物带来给某人bring sb./ sth. (with one) 带着某物或某人来eg. He always brings a bottle of wine (with him) when he comes to dinner. bring sth./ sb. back 送回某人 / 某物eg. He brough

16、t me back in his car last night. 他昨天晚上开车送我回来的。Please bring back the book to me tomorrow. 请明天把书带来还我。bring sb. up 培养，养育eg. He was brought up by his aunt. 他是被他阿姨养大的。She brought up five children all together. 她总共抚养了5 个儿女。其他用法： bring sth. up 呕吐bring about 带来，造成bring about great changes 带来巨大变化bring in 收获（

17、庄稼等）bring in a good harvest 好收成build v. 建造，建筑build sth. build a factory 建厂房build sth. for sb. = build sb. sth. eg. His father built a model aeroplane for him. = His father built him a model aeroplane. build sth. of/ from/ out of sth. 用.(材料 )建造 . eg. Birds build their nests out of twigs. 鸟儿用细树枝筑巢。bui

18、ld sth. up 逐渐建立、增加、增强或发展某事物build up a big library 逐渐建立一座大的图书馆其他用法： Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载burn v. 燃烧，点燃burn out 烧坏，烧完，烧尽burn down 烧毁burn away 烧坏，烧掉； （逐渐）消灭，消失eg. The sunlight

19、has burnt away the haze. 日光使雾消散了。buyv. 购买，买buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. C call v. 打电话；称作，取名；呼唤，叫喊；要求，命令call sb. 给某人打电话call + 电话号码打某个电话号码call sb. at + 电话号码打某个电话号码找某人call sb. sth. 把某人称为 . call him a walking-dictionary 把他称为活字典call on sb. 拜访某人call at s.p. 拜访某地call by 顺便拜访call for 要求，需要eg. Success cal

20、ls for hard work. 成功需要努力。call sth. off 取消或放弃某事call up 回想起This book calls up happy memories of his childhood. 这本书唤起了他对童年幸福的回忆。carev. 对.在意，对 .在意take care of sb. 照顾take care of sth. 处理，负责take care to do sth. 小心，当心take care that 小心care about 关心He doesn t care about anything we say. care to do sth. 愿意做某事

21、 (多用于否定句和疑问句) eg. Would you care to go for a walk? 你愿意去散步吗？carry v. 搬运，携带carry sth. with sb. 随身携带carry away 运走，拿走carry back 运回，拿回，使回想起carry into effect 实现，实行carry on 继续进行eg. We ll carry on our discussion tomorrow. 明天继续我们的讨论。carry sth. too far 做的太过分了catchv. 赶上（车船等） ，捕获catch up with sb. in sth. 在某方面追赶

22、上某人eg. If you don t work hard, he will catch up with you in study. 区别： keep up with 跟上，不落后于keep up with him 跟上他catch sb. doing sth. 逮住某人正在做什么eg. I caught him stealing. 我发现他正在偷东西。catch up sb s attention/ eyes 引起某人的注意I was caught in the rain. 我被雨淋了。catch (a) cold 伤风；catch fire 着火causev. 造成，使发生cause st

23、h. eg. The cat caused this terrible accident. cause sb. sth. eg. The new car caused me a lot of troubles. cause sth. to sb. eg. The new car carsed a lot of troubles to me. cause sb. to do sth. eg. The illness caused him to miss the game. 其他用法： Take care! 当心！chatv. 聊天，闲谈chat with sb. 和某人聊天精品资料 - - -

24、欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载checkv. 核对，检查check out 检查，核对，核查chopv. 剁，砍，劈chop in 插嘴，多嘴cleanv. 打扫，清除clean sth. up 把.收拾干净check in 登记combinev. 结合，组合combine with 和.组合comev. 来；来到come after sb. 追赶或追逐某人come back 回来come from = be from 从.哪里来

25、，来自 . come by 从.旁边走过come down (雨、雪等 )落下； (价格 )下降eg. The price of petrol is coming down. 汽油价格正在下跌。come on 加油come for 为.而来eg. I am coming for my books which were lent to you last year. 我为了去年借你的那些书而来。(我想要回去年借给你的书) come out 出来；发芽come through 经历（困难等）come to an end 结束come up with sb. 赶上，追上communicatev. 交流

26、，沟通communicate with sb. 与某人交流comparev. 比较compare A and B = compare A with/ to B 加以比较，两者相比较eg. If you compare her work with his, you will find hers is much better. compare A to B 把 A 比作 B eg. Poets have compared sleep to death. 诗人把睡眠比作死亡。compare notes (with sb.) 交换意见、观点、看法等complain v. 抱怨complain to s

27、b. about / at sth. 投诉，抱怨，发牢骚eg. She often complain to me about her partner. concentratev. 集中，聚集concentrate on/ upon 集中精力considerv. 考虑，思考，认为consider sth. 考虑 . consider doing sth. 考虑 . eg. I am considering changing my job. 我正考虑换个工作。consider sb./ sth. as 把.当.来对待eg. We consider him as our friend. consid

28、er sb./ sth. to be 把.当作 . eg. We consider him to be our best friend. continue v. 使继续，坚持下去continue to do sth. = continue doing sth, 继续做某事To be continued. 未完，待续。copy v. 复制，抄袭copy sth. from sb. 抄袭某人的 . copy sth. down/ out in/ into sth. 把.抄写在 .上eg. The students copied the sums ( 算术题 ) down in theirn not

29、ebooks. 学生把算术题抄在他们的笔记本上。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载cover v. 覆盖be covered with sth. 被覆盖under the cover of 在的掩护下，以 为幌子cover up 掩盖，掩饰，隐藏take cover 隐蔽，躲避criticizev. 批评，批判criticize sth. eg. He criticized my taking risk. 他批评

30、了我的冒险行为。criticize sb. for sth. eg. He criticized me for my rudeness. 他因为我的卤莽而批评了我cross v. 穿过，横过，越过cross over sth. 穿过，穿越注： (1)与 across的区别(2)与 through 的区别crowdv. 挤满，充满be crowded with 充满eg. The room is crowded with people. 屋里挤满了人。costv. 价值，花费（时间、金钱等）sth. cost sb. some money. 某物花费某人多少钱eg. This fur coat

31、he bought for his girlfriend last year cost him $4000. cost sb. sth. eg. Careless driving cost him his life. 开车时粗心大意要了他的命。cutv. 切，割cut sth. for sb. = cut sb. sth. 切.给某人eg. Please cut a piece of cake for me. = Please cut me a piece of cake. cut sth. from sth. cut off 切断cut off the power 切断电源cut down

32、砍倒；删减cut down a tree 砍树eg. Your article is too long, please cut it down to 1000 words. 你的文章太长了，请把它删件到1000 字。D dealv. 处理，应付deal with 处理decidev. 决定，下决心decide to do sth. 决定做 . = make up one s mind to do sth. decide on sth./ sb. 决定某事 / 某人decision n. 决定make a decision 做决定come to a decision = arrive at a

33、decision 决定下来depend v. 依赖，依靠depend on/ upon sth./ sb. 视某物而定，取决于某物eg. Wheather we will have the sport-meeting tomorrow depends on the weather. 明天我们是否举行运动会取决于天气情况。describe v. 描述，形容describe sth. as sth. 把.描述成 .；称作，称为eg. He describes himself as a doctor. 他把自己称为医生。discussv. 讨论，议论discuss sth. with sb. 和某人

34、讨论某事eg. He was still discussing the game when I got there. discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事eg. They discussed selling the house. 他们在讨论卖房子的事情。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载dislikev. 不喜欢，讨厌dislike sth. 讨厌某事dislike to do sth. 讨厌做某事d

35、islike doing sth. 讨厌做某事注：与 unlike 的区别unlike adj. 与.不同的，不相象的dividev. 分开，划分divide sth. into 把.分成dov. 做，干，行动do one s best 做出最大努力do business 做生意do sb. a favour 帮某人的忙do wrong 做错do with 处理eg. What can I do with it? 我怎么处理它？have something/ nothing to do with 与.有关 /无关eg. It has nothing to do with you. 这和你没有关

36、系。dreamv. 做梦，梦到dream of/ about 做梦，梦见with a dream of 怀着 .的梦想drop v. 落下，掉下，使落下drop sb. off 让某人下车drop back = drop behind (sb.) 落后drop out (of sth.) 从.退出E enjoyv. 享受 .的乐趣，欣赏enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事enterv. 进入，参加enter +表地点的名词进入 . enter the room 进入房间 (注：不能说enter into the room) exchangev. 交换exchange student 交

37、换生exchange sth. with sb. 和某人交换 exchange the seat with sb. 和某人换位置；exchange experience 交流经验exchange A for B 用 A 来交换 B eg. He exchanged his health for money. excusev. 原谅，宽恕excuse sb. 原谅某人excuse sb. (for sth./ doing sth.) 宽恕某人做某事eg. Excuse me for coming late. 原谅我来晚了。expectv. 预期，预料expect sth. expect to d

38、o sth. expect sb. to do sth. experimentv. 实验，试验experiment on/ upon 在.上做实验explain v. 解释，说明explain sth. 解释某事explain a difficult problem 解释一个难题explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释 /说明某事情explain oneself 把自己的意思解释清楚escapev. 逃跑，逃走escape from 从.逃跑精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页

39、，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载F failv. 失败fail to do sth. 没能做成功某事eg. She failed to pass the English test. 她没能通过英语考试。fallv. 下降，落下fall back 后退fall behind (sb.) 落后fall down 失败，崩溃fall off 数量或质量下降fall over 摔倒fear v. 害怕，担心fear sth. 害怕 . fear death/ illness 害怕死亡 / 疾病fear to do sth. 害怕做某事eg. He feared

40、 to speak in public. 他害怕当众讲话。fear for sb./ sth. 对某事物 / 某人感到担忧或关心eg. I fear for her safety in this weather. 在这种天气里我很担心她的安全。feedv. 喂养，饲养eg. She has a large family to feed. 她要养活一大家子人。feed sb./ sth. (on sth.) 用.喂养 . eg. I feed my dog on fresh meat. 我用鲜肉喂我的狗。feed sth. to sb./ sth. 给某人 /某物喂 . eg. I feed f

41、resh meat to my dog. feel v. 感到，觉得feel sth. doing 感觉到某物 . feel the heart beating 感觉到心脏在跳动feel + adj. (feel 是感官系动词，后面可以直接接形容词做表语。类似的词还有：sound, look, smell, taste) fightv. 打架，争吵fight for + 抽象名词 (如：事业，真理，自由等）为.而斗争，为 .而战斗fight with 与.并肩战斗fight a good fight 打一场漂亮仗fight an enemy 打敌人fill v. 装满，添满fill in 填充

42、findv. 发现，找到find sb. to do sth. 发现某人做某事（强调发现某人做某事的全过程）find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事（强调发现某人正在做某事）find out 发现固定句式： find it + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth. find it beautiful/ difficult/ important find it important/ necessary for sb. to do sth. finish v. 完成，做完finish doing sth. 做完某事，完成某事fitv. 适合，适应fit sb. 适合

43、某人Does the coat fit? 这件大衣合适吗？The coat doesn t fit me. 这件大衣不适合我。(注：不能说成： The coat dosen t fit for/ to me.) adj. 合适的，恰当的be fit to do sth. 适合eg. The dried grain is fit to store. 晒干的谷物可以储藏。be fit for sb. to do sth. （be fit for sb. ; be fit to do sth. ）The food is not for human to eat. 这食物不适宜人吃。fixv. 修理f

44、ix up 修补，修理好精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载flyv. 飞行fly a kite 放风筝How time flies! 时间过的真快啊！时光如梭。followv. 跟随，追随follow sth. 跟着 . eg. Spring follows winter. 冬去春来。follow sb. 跟踪follow one s example 照.的榜样，以 .为模范follow the advice 遵

45、照指示forbid v. 禁止，不许forbid sth. eg. People forbid this meeting. 人们禁止这次聚会。forbid sb. sth. eg. She forbade him wine. 她禁止他喝酒。forbid sb. to do sth. eg. The school forbids the students to smoke. 学校禁止学生抽烟。forgetv. 忘记forget sth. 忘记某事forget to do sth. 忘记做某事forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事G getv. get along (well) with

46、 和.相处（的好）get on (well) with 和.相处（的好）；进展（顺利）get back 回来，返回get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系（表动作）区别： be in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系（表状态）get off 下车get on 上车get over 克服（困难等）givev. 给，送给give sb.sth. = give sth. to sb. give away 分发，赠送give in 交上，屈服give up 放弃give off 发出（气味，光，热等）go v. go after 追赶go on 继续go on with

47、sth. 继续做某事（前后做的是同一件事）go on doing sth. 继续做某事（前后做的是同一件事）go on to do sth. 接着做某事（前后做的是不同的事）go over 复习，温习；仔细查看go through 浏览，翻阅go up 上涨，上升；攀升go against 违反，反对growv. 生长，成长grow up 长大，成长精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载H hatev. 讨厌，憎恶h

48、ate sth. ; hate to do sth. ; hate doing sth. have v. have a good time 过得愉快have something/ nothing to do with sb. 与某人有关 / 无关have sth.on 穿着，戴着hearv. 听见hear sb. to do sth. 听见某人做某事（强调听见做事情的过程）hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事hear from sb. 收到某人的来信= receive a letter from sb. hear of 听说 = hear about eg. I hear

49、d that you are ill. 听说你病了。heatv. 变热，加热heat up 加热helpv. 帮助，帮忙help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事can t/ couldn t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事with the help of 在.的帮助下help oneself (on sth.) 自用（食物）help sb. out 帮助某人解决难题，摆脱困难等hit v. 打击，撞击，碰撞hit sb. on the head 打某人的头holdv. hold on （打电话时）不挂电话h

50、old one s breath 屏息，不出声get hold of 抓住，得到hopev. 希望hope to do sth. 希望做某事eg. We hope to see soon. 我们希望不久以后就见到你。hope for 希望eg. I hope for success. 我希望成功。in hope of ; in the hope of ; in the hope that 怀着 .的希望注：没有 hope sb. to do sth. 的用法。希望某人做某事用：wish sb. to do sth. I imaginev. 想象，猜想，料想imagine doing sth.