2022年初中八年级上册英语知识点总结 .pdf
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1、初中八年级上册英语知识点总结八年级上册英语语法、短语与知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 本单元得话题: 谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。本单元得语法: 1、复习一般过去时; 2、学习不定代词与不定副词得用法。1、本单元出现得 动词不规则过去式有:isam-was就是 are - were就是 go-went去 buy bought 买 take -took拿走 dodoes did feedfed 喂 see saw 瞧见 eat ate 吃 havehas had 有,吃feel felt感觉 riderode 骑 get got 到达,
2、得到 can could 能,会forget forgot忘记 drinkdrank 喝 findfound 找到2、不定代词与不定副词得用法:some body any one every thing no where(疑问副词)不定代词与不定副词(1)左边得 some 、any、every 、no 与右边得 body、one、thing 构成不定代词 ,some 、any、every 、no 与右边得疑问副词where 构成不定副词 ;(2)一般情况下以some开头得不定代词与不定副词用于肯定句,以any 开头得不定代词与不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no 开头得不定代词与不定副词表示否定
3、含义(no one 为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词与形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。He has something important to do、她有重要得事情要做。(肯定句用 something ,形容词 important放后)Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用 anything ,形容词 special放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月您去令人感兴趣得地方了吗?( 一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词 interesting放后) (4)不定代词与不定副词做主语时,后
4、面得动词用 单数形式 。Everone is here today、今天每个人都在这里。本单元得短语与知识点:1、(P1,图片 ) go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/ 进山2、(P1,1a) stay at home呆在家 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去夏令营 3、(P2,2b) study for tests为考试而学习备考 go out出去精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - -
5、- - - -第 1 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结4、(P2,2d) quite a few相当多 , 不少(后跟可数名词复数)He has quite a few friends、她有不少朋友; take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间5、 (P3,语法表格 3 行) buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物My mother bought me a sweater=My mother bought a sweater for me、我妈妈给我买了一件毛衣。6、 (P3,语法表格
6、 4 行) taste good、 尝起来很好taste (尝起来)、look (瞧起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词The food tastes delicious、这食品尝起来非常可口。The T-shirt looks beautiful、这件体恤衫瞧起来很漂亮。The songs sound beautiful、这些歌曲听起来很优美。7、 (P3,语法表格 5 行)have a goodgreatfun time过得高兴,玩得愉快( =enjoy oneself)They had a good time yesterday、= They enjoyed themsel
7、ves yesterday、她们昨天玩得很开心。8、(P3,3a) go shopping去购物9、(P3,3b,4行) nothing but+动词原形:除了之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday、昨天她在家除了读书无事可做。10、(P3,3b,5 行) seem to do sth:好像 I seem to know him、我好像认识她。seem+ (to be )+形容词:瞧起来 The work seems(to be )easy、这工作瞧起来很容易。11、 (P3,3c)keep a diary记日记12、(P5
8、,2b,1 行) in+大地方:达到某地(get to +地方:达到某地)arrive at+ 小地方:达到某地 (get得过去式为 got) He arrived in Beijing yesterday、她昨天达到北京。若就是 arrive与 get 后跟 home 、there 、here 三个地点副词 ,后面得介词 inatto必须去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening、昨晚汤姆到家。13、(P5,2b,2 行)decide to do sth:决定做某事He decided to go
9、home、她决定回家。14、(P5,2b,3 行) try doing sth、尝试做某事 try to do sth、尽力去做某事The boy tried riding bicycle、这个小孩试着骑自行车He tried to help the old man、她尽力帮助这个老年人。15、(P5,2b,4 行) feel like给得感觉;感受到16、(P5,2b,1 段末行 ) in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事He enjoys playing basketball、她喜欢打篮球。17、(P5,2b,2 段 1 行
10、) difference(名词,差异,差别 )- different(形容词,不同得 ) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结18、(P5,2b,2 段 2 行) start doing sth:开始做某事(= start to do sth)He started doing his homework、 她开始做家庭作业。19、(P5,2b,2 段 3 行)over an hour一个多小时(over 超
11、过,多余 = more than)20、(P5,2b,2 段 4 行) too many 太多,后接可数名词复数。Mother bought too many eggs yesterday、昨天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。too much 太多,后跟不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do 、我们有很多工作要做。Don t talk too much 、不要说太多。much too 太,后跟形容词或副词The hat is much too big for me 、这帽子对我来说太大。You re walking much too fast 、您走地太快了。分辨
12、三者得口诀: too much, much too, 用法区别瞧后头 :much 后接不可数 ,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。21、(P5,2b,2段 6 行) because of 因为, 后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing) ,不能接句子。because 因为,后跟句子。He cant go to school because of the rain、她因为下雨没去上学。 (rain 为名词)He was late for school because ofget ting up late、她因为起晚而上学迟到。 (get 为动词)= He was l
13、ate for school because he got up late、I don t buy the shirt because it was too expensive、我没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。22、(P5,2b,2 段 8 行) enough(足够得) 与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enough money 、她有足够得钱。 (money为名词 ) enough(足够得 )与形容词或副词连用,enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school、 (old为形容词 ) 23、 (P6,2d, 倒数 4 行) doing sth、忘记已经
14、做过某事(已经做完)forget to do sth、忘记去做某事(还未做)(forget得过去式为 forgot)Dont foget to close the door、不要忘记关上门。(门还未关)He forgot closing the door、她忘记已经关上门了。 (门已经关上,但就是她忘了)24、 (P6,2e,5 行)another+ 数字+可数名词单数或复数 :额外多少某物He ate one apple,he wanted another two apples、她吃了一个苹果,还想再要两个。25、 (P8,self check,2,6行)so+形容词 +that+ 句子:如
15、此以至于too+ 形容词 +to do sth:太以至于 不能形容词 +enough to do sth:足够能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)He is so young that he cant go to school、她如此年轻以至于不能去上学。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结= He is too young to go to school、 她太年轻以至于不能去上学。= He isn
16、t old enough to go to school、26、 (P8,self check,2,7行)tell sb (not) to do sth: 告诉某人(不要)做某事My mother often tells us not to play in the street、我得妈妈经常告诉我不要在街上玩。Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 本单元得话题: 谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时。本单元得语法: 1、复习一般现在时; 2、学习表示频率副词得用法。主要频率副词得等级排序:always( 总就是) usually (通常) often(经常) someti
17、mes(有时) hardly ever(很少) never(从不) 这些副词在句子中得位置,一般放在助动词、 be 动词或情态动词之后,行为(实义)动词之前。即:“行”前“助 ( 系)”后。 Peter is always late for school、 Peter上学总就是迟到。I usually do my homework in the evening、我通常在晚上做作业。提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词,用How often I watch TV every day、我每天都瞧电视 How often do you watch TV?(您
18、多长时间瞧一次电视? ) 本单元得短语与知识点:1、(P9, 图片、 1a) on weekends在周末 go to the movies去瞧电影 help with housework帮助做家务 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不2、(P10,2a 至 2d) 2a:once a week 每周一次 twice a week每周两次 every day每天2c:use the Internet用互联网2d: be free有空 Are you free on weekends?您周末有空吗?swing dance 摇摆舞 have dance and piano l
19、essons上舞蹈与钢琴课 play tennis打网球How about? 怎么样? / 好不好?(后跟名词代词V-ing )(用来提出意见或征求对方建议) I like apple s,how about you ?我喜欢苹果,您呢?( apple, 名词,苹果) (how about =what about) How about going shopping this afternoon?今天下午去购物怎么样?(go 为动词)3、(P11, 语法表格 )go shopping购物 4、 (P11 ,3b)after school 放学后5、 (P11,3a) stay up late熬夜
20、 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动6、(P12,1b)want sth :需要某物 He wants a new pen、她想要一支新钢笔。want to do sth: 想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school、放学后她想去瞧电视。want sb to do sth: 让某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early、妈妈让我早起。7、(P12,1b)be good for对有好处 be bad for 对有害处Swimming is good for our he
21、alth、游泳对我们得健康有好处。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 初中八年级上册英语知识点总结Watching TV is bad for our eyes、瞧电视对我们得眼睛有害处。8、 (P13 ,2a) play computer games打电子游戏 go camping去野营9、(P13,2b,1 行) ask sb about sth:问某人某事My parents often ask me about my stu
22、dy、我得父母经常问我得学习情况。10、 (P13 ,2b,1 段 1 行) in one s spare time在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time、她在业余时间学习英语。11、(P13,2b)”数字 +percent of+名词”做主语时,后面得单词取决于名词得情况。若名词为复数,后面得动词用复数形式;若名词为单数或不可数名词,后面得动词用单数形式。In our class ,twenty of studentsare boys 、在我们班,百分之二十得学生为男生。Thirty of wateris dirty 、百分之三十得 水就是脏得
23、。12、(P13,2b,2 段 3 行) not at all: 一点儿也不(not 构成否定句)I dont like the movie at all、我一点也不喜欢这部电影。13、(P13,2b,3 段)go online上网 14、 (P13 ,2b,4 段) the most popular最受欢迎得15、 (P13 ,2b,3 段) the answer to+名词:得答案 the answer to the question这个问题得答案although ( 虽然)不能与 but 连用,但可以与 yet ,still 连用。Although it is dark ,they ar
24、e still working、虽然天黑了,但她们仍在工作。Although he is old ,he is quite strong、她虽然年龄大了,但身体很健壮。16、(P13,2b,5 段 1 行) the (best) way to do sth: 做某事得 ( 最好 )方式The best way to learn English is speaking English、学习英语得最好方法就是说英语、17、(P13,2b,5 段 2 行) such as 比如 (后跟名词或名词短语) for example例如(后跟句子)He likes fruits,such as apples
25、,bananas and so on、她喜欢水果,例如苹果、香蕉等。He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes、她有许多好得方法学习英语,例如,她经常听磁带。18、(P13,2b,5 段 4 行) old habits die hard旧习难改。19、(P15,3a)more than (=over) 超过,多余 go to the dentist去瞧牙医Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister、本单元得话题: 谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级。本单
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