2022年初中英语时态整理 .pdf
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1、初中英语时态整理作谓语的动词用来表示动作(情况)发生时间的各种形式称为时态。构成:1. 一般时态a. 一般现在时用动词原形,但第三人称单数后要加词是-s/es; b. 一般过去时用过去式;c.一般将来时用 shall 或 will 加动词原形;d. 一般过去将来时用should 或 would 加动词原形;2. 进行时态 : 助动词 be+主要动词的现在分词(am/is/are/ was/ were doing )3. 完成时态:助动词have+主要动词的过去分词(have/ had done )4. 完成进行时态:助动词have+ been + 主要动词的现在分词附表:一般时态进行时态完成时
2、态完成进行时态现在write writes am is writing are has written have has been writing have 过去wrote was writing were had written 将来shall write will 过去将来should write would 要点、难点:一般现在时1. 第三人称单数后加s 注意:以 ch, sh, s, x, 或 o 收尾的词加es; 以 “辅音字母+y”结尾的词变 y 为 i 再加 es; 2. 含义: a. 经常性或习惯性的动作b. 现在的特征或状态c. 普遍真理d.计划或时刻表3. 常用时间状语:
3、often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week 现在进行时1. 少量动词可以用进行时表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作,如: go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay 等;2. 表示一个经常性的动作或状态,或是表示一种感情(如赞叹、厌烦等),或是强调暂时性。如 : be always doing 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 一
4、般将来时1. 在时间或条件状语从句中, 一般不用将来时,而用现在时代替。 如: I ll let you have the book when I m through. / I ll be round to see you if I have time tomorrow. 2. 表示倾向或习惯性动作。如:Oil will float on water. 3. 否定形式表示“不能 ”“ 没法”如: This machine won t work. 一般过去时1. 发生的时间不是很清楚,但实际上是过去发生,应当用过去时。如:I didn t know you were in town. / Wha
5、t did you say? 2. 谈到已死的人多用过去时,但有时也可以用现在时。过去进行时过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作;一般过去时表示一个完成的动作。过去将来时1. 表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情。如:He said he would raise the question at the meeting. 2. 注意在间接引语中的使用。现在完成时1. 到现在为止的这一时期中发生的情况(可能是多次动作的总和,也可以表示状态和习惯性的动作) ;对现状有影响的某已发生的动作。2. 当有一个表示过去某时的状语(包括when)时,不能用现在完成时。3. 常用词: already, yet, jus
6、t, as yet, ever, never, since 4. 区别: have been to & have gone to 现在完成进行时1. 表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作,可能仍在进行,也可能停了一会儿。2. 可以用来强调时间的长久。如: She has always been working like that. 3. 也可以用来强调现在以前这段时期反复发生的事情。如: She s been cyclying to work for the last three weeks. 过去完成时1. 表示过去的过去:过去完成时表示的动作较另一过去的动作先发生。2. 在包含 whe
7、n, as soon as, before, after, until, now that 等连词的复合句中,先发生的动作通常用过去完成时。分类练习:I. 用动词的一般现在时或现在进行时填空1. A. What_you_(think) of the idea? B. What_you_(think) about? 2. A. He_(not look) his age. . He _(look) for his glasses. 3. A. I_(have) a hard time trying to get this finished. B. I_(have) a bad cold. 4.
8、A: Let s go out. It _(not rain) now. B: It _(not rain) very much in summer. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 5.A. I _(live) some friends until I find a flat. B: My parents _(live) in London. They have lived there all their lives. II.
9、 用动词的一般过去时或过去进行时填空1. While we _(wait) for the bus, a girl _(run) up to us. 2. I _(telephone) a friend when Bob _(come) in. 3. Jim _(jump) on the bus as it _(move) away. 4. We _(test) the new machine when the electricity _(go) off. 5. She _(not want) to stay in bed when the others _(all work) in the
10、fields. 6. While mother _(put) Kitty to bed, the door-bell _(ring). 7. It was quite late at night. George _(read) and Amy _(rest) when they _(hear) a knock at the door. III. 用动词的现在完成时或一般过去时填空1.- _you _(book) your hotel room yet? -Well, I _(write) to the hotel last week but they _(not answer) yet. 2.
11、-You _just _(agree) to go, so why aren t you getting ready? -But I _(not realize) that you _(want) me to start at once. 4. -I can t find my gloves. _you _(see) them? -Yes, you _(leave) them in the car yesterday. I _(put) them back in your drawer. 5. -I hear that Mr Jones _(leave). -Yes, he _(leave)
12、last week. -_anyone _(take) his place? -I believe that several men _(apply) for the job but so far nothing _(decide). IV. 用动词的一般过去时和过去完成时填空1. The heavy rain _(stop), but there was still a slight drizzle in the air. 2. I_(cannot go) out that night, for I _(agree) to take care of my younger sister at
13、home. 3. I _(not know) you _(be) so busy in the past few weeks. 4. The snow storm _(drop 减 弱 ) as suddenly as it _(start). The wind_(die) down and the sun _(come) out. 5. Nobody agreed with him. That_(be) something he _(not predict) . 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - -
14、 -第 3 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - V. 用动词的现在完成时和现在完成进行时填空1. The children _(watch) TV since noon. Will you stop them? 2. They _(build) the road since 1978 and still _(not complete) it yet. 3. Joe _(read) the book for only an hour, but _(cover) over thirty pages. 4. We _(hope) to visit this place for
15、many years, but still _(not get) a chance to. 5. We _(look) for it for a whole day and still _(not find) it. VI. 用动词的一般过去时和过去将来时填空1. Whenever he _(have) time, he _(help) them with their work. 2. I _(think) things over in my mind: What _(be) their reaction? _they _(support) the idea? 3. He _(tell) me
16、 to come and wait under the tree the next morning. A young man _(meet) me there and _(take)me to see the boss. 4. The teacher asked Tom what he _( be going to, be) when he _(grow) up. 5. Late at night on November 28 Dr Bethune _(get) news that a battle _(begin) soon. 综合练习:I. 请选择正确答案1. Is Runyang Bri
17、dge open to the public yet? Yes. It _ for almost one and a half months. A. has opened B. has been opened C. has been open D. was open 2. When did you borrow the English storybook? I borrowed it last week. I_it for a week A. have bought B. have kept C. have borrowed D. had 3. When Li Ming hurried hom
18、e, he found that his mother _already_to hospital. A has; been sent B had; sent C. has; sent D had; been sent 4. When_he_back? Sorry, I dont know.A. does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming 5. Was it raining hard when you _ this morning? A. left B. leaves C. was leaving D. would leave 6. What _ f
19、rom three to four yesterday afternoon? A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing 7. I m looking for Mr White. He was here just now. But he_to a meeting and he won t be back until eleven o clock. A. was B. will be C. has gone D. has been 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名
20、师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 8. Since 2000, Nanchang has become a new city. Everything_ . A. is changed B. was changed C. has changed D. had changed 9. How can you possibly miss the news? It _ on TV all day long. A.has been B. had been C. was D. will be 10. She asked him w
21、hether he _ back for lunch. A .came B. was coming C. come D. had come 11. _ my dictionary? I can t find it anywhere. I_it on the shelf when I came in. A. Did you see, have seen B. Have you seen, saw C. Did you see, saw D. Have you seen, have seen 12. By the end of 1976, many buildings _built in the
22、city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will be 13. The meeting _when Mr. Wang _to school. A. has begun; get B. had begun; got C. has been on; get D. had been on; got 14. Nobody noticed what she _ at the moment. A. will do B. was doing C. has done D. had done15. Don t talk here. My mother _.A. is
23、sleeping B.are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep16. My mother _ while my father _TV. A. cooked; was watching B. was cooking; was watching C. had cooked; watched D. cooked; watched17. I heard your father_to Japan once. Yes, he_there last year. A. went, has been B. had been, went C. goes, went D. had been
24、 , has been 18. Look! He _their mother do the housework. A. is helping B. are help C. has helped D.was helping19. Wow, what a cool bike! How long have you_it? Two weeks. A. bought B. got C. had D. chosen 20. Han Mei told me she _lunch, so she was very hungry. A. has had B. hasnt had C. have had D. h
25、adnt had 21. When I got home, my son _ the music. A. am listening to B. listened to C. was listening to D. has been listening to22. The pizza _ by my mother. Would you like to have some? A. makes B. was making C. made D. was made23. - _ the letter_ to Bruce? -No, its still on the desk.A. Has; given
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