焊接工艺培训课件.ppt
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1、1大家好大家好234最后最后一个一个字母字母0123456789电源(a)交流或直流反接交流或直流交流或直流交流或直流直流反接交流或直流反接交流或直流交流或直流反接交流或直流药皮类型(b)有机物金红石*金红石*金红石*低氢低氢矿物质低氢金红石*电弧类型熔透(C)深适中浅浅适中适中适中适中适中药皮中的铁粉含量0%10%无0%10%0%10%30%50%无无50%30%50%0%10%备注: (a) E-6010是直流反接;E-6020是交流或直流 (b) E-6010是有机物药皮;E-6020是矿物质药皮 (c) E-6010是深熔焊条;E-6020是熔深适中的焊条* 硬质二氧化钛药皮56E70
2、18-XE焊条表示符号焊条表示符号70焊缝金属的抗拉强度等级,度量衡单位:psi1焊接位置8药皮成分,熔透性,电流极性X补充要求焊接位置1平焊,横焊,立向上焊,仰焊2平焊,横焊4平焊,横焊,立向下焊,仰焊碳钢药皮焊条(AWS A5.1/ASME SFA5.1)7等级等级焊条药皮成分焊条药皮成分熔深熔深电流极性电流极性EXXX0纤维素,硅深直流反接EXXX1纤维素,钾深交流,直流反接EXXX2金红石,硅一般交流,直流正接EXXX3金红石,钾浅交流,直流反接/直流正接EXXX4金红石,铁粉一般交流,直流反接/直流正接EXXX5低氢,硅一般直流反接EXXX6低氢,钾一般交流,直流反接EXXX7铁粉,
3、氧化铁一般交流,直流正接EXXX8低氢,铁粉一般交流,直流反接EXXX9氧化铁,金红石,钾一般交流,直流反接/直流正接焊条型号列表8后缀后缀补充要求补充要求-1改进E7018焊条的冲击性能,也可用于表示改进E7024焊条的延展性。-M军用要求-好的韧性,暴漏在空气中时良好的防潮能力,熔敷金属中扩散氢含量低-HX用于表示熔敷金属中的最大扩散氢含量。列入-H4=4ml/100g补充符号9低合金钢药皮焊条(AWS A5.5/ASME SFA5.5)E7018-XE焊条表示符号焊条表示符号70焊缝金属的抗拉强度等级,度量衡单位:psi1焊接位置8药皮成分,熔透性,电流极性X合金成分10后缀符号列表后缀
4、符号列表后缀合金成分后缀符号描述 -A1 碳-钼钢 含钼:0.40%0.65% -B1 铬-钼钢 含铬:0.40%0.65%,含钼:0.40%0.65% -B2 铬-钼钢 含铬:1.00%1.50%,含钼:0.40%0.65% -B2L 铬-钼钢 低碳(Wc0.05%),含铬:1.00%1.50%,含钼:0.40%0.65% -B3 铬-钼钢 含铬:2.00%2.50%,含钼:0.90%1.20% -B3L 铬-钼钢 低碳(Wc0.05%),含铬:2.00%2.50%,含钼: 0.90%1.20% -B4L 铬-钼钢 低碳(Wc0.05%),含铬:1.75%2.25%,含钼:0.40%0.65
5、% -B5 铬-钼钢 含铬:0.40%0.60%,含钼:1.00%1.25% -B6 含铬:4.60%6.00%,含钼:0.45%0.65% -B8 含铬:8.00%10.5%,含钼:0.80%1.20% -C1 镍钢 含镍:2.00%2.75% -C1L 镍钢 低碳(Wc0.05%),含镍:2.00%2.75% -C2 镍钢 低碳(Wc0.05%),含镍:3.00%3.75%11后缀符号列表后缀符号列表后缀合金成分后缀符号描述 -C2L 含镍钢 低碳(Wc0.08%),含镍:3.00%3.75% -C3 含镍钢 含镍:0.80%1.10% -NM 含镍钢 含镍:0.80%1.10%,含钼:0
6、.40%0.65% -D1 含镍、钼 含锰:1.00%1.75%,含钼:0.25%0.45% -D2 含锰、钼 含锰:1.65%2.00%,含钼:0.25%0.45% -D3 含锰、钼 含锰:1.00%1.80%,含钼:0.40%0.65% -W 耐候钢 Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu -G 未定义化学成分 -M 军用等级 可能具有更多要求12力学性能等级力学性能等级级别最小抗拉强度最小屈服强度 E60XX 62000 psi (430 Mpa) 50000 psi (330 Mpa) E70XX 70000 psi (490 Mpa) 57000 psi (400 Mpa) E80XX 800
7、00 psi (550 Mpa) 67000 psi (460 Mpa) E90XX 90000 psi (620 Mpa) 77000 psi (530 Mpa) E100XX 100000 psi (690 Mpa) 57000 psi (600 Mpa) E110XX 110000 psi (760 Mpa) 95000 psi (670 Mpa) E120XX 120000 psi (830 Mpa) 107000 psi (740 Mpa)13化学元素的作用化学元素的作用符号名称作用C碳 最有效的增加金属硬度的元素Mn锰 对于金属硬度的影响仅次于碳Si硅 还原剂,P磷 含量过高易导致
8、裂纹S硫 含量过高易导致裂纹Cr铬 提升金属材料耐腐蚀性Ni镍 提升金属材料的低温韧性Mo钼 提升金属材料的高温强度B硼 少量可提升金属材料硬度Cu铜 耐腐蚀型弱,裂纹敏感度高Al铝 还原剂,改进金属材料力学性能Ti钛 去除氧、硫、氮、碳N氮 改善金属材料强度,不易于金属材料的冲击韧性Cb钴 提升金属材料硬度,改善金属材料力学性能V矾 提升金属材料硬度,改善金属材料力学性能14151617181920212223ASME锅炉及压力容器规范第IX卷内容:242526272829303132333435焊接接头的分类36373839404142标准测试位置标准测试位置1G, 3G, 6G, 2F,
9、 5F, 等式规范制定的测试用焊接位置. They are properly referred to as Test Positions. 相似的描述见ISO 6947 定义PA, PC, PG, 等.431G/PA15焊缝水平轴板水平摆放442G/PC板竖置焊缝水平轴15453F/PF or PG5466G45547Flat Positions Axis Inclination1548Start at Nominal Flat Position焊缝表面向上49平焊位置上倾角限制15Weld may incline upwardto a limit of 1550Flat Upward Inc
10、lined Limit15But the welder could be traveling down the incline. . .51Flat Downward Limit Is Implied1552Welding PositionsTabulation of Positions of Groove WeldsPositionDiagram ReferenceInclination of AxisRotation of FaceFlatA0 to 15150 to 210HorizontaB0 to 1580 to 150210 to 280OverheadC0 to 800 to 8
11、0210 to 360VerticalD15 to 8080 to 280E80 to 900 to 360How this table and the diagram on the previous page work are shown in the following diagrams53Flat Position -Rotation About Axis1800303015021054Flat Rolled Limit Clockwise2101803055Flat Rolled Limit Clockwise21018030Equivalent to rotatingThe plat
12、e 3056Flat Rolled Limit Counterclockwise3015018057Flat Rotated Limits Not Considering Inclination6058Welding PositionsTabulation of Positions of Groove WeldsPositionDiagram ReferenceInclination of AxisRotation of FaceFlatA0 to 15150 to 210HorizontaB0 to 1580 to 150210 to 280OverheadC0 to 800 to 8021
13、0 to 360VerticalD15 to 8080 to 280E80 to 900 to 360How this table and the diagram on the previous page work are shown in the following diagrams59Flat Uphill Limit Rotated156060Flat Downhill Limit Rotated1561Composite Flat Position Ranges306062Compare this range to 1G/PA. . . 6315/FLATTesting Positio
14、n 1G/PA15/PAWeld Axis HorizontalPlate Horizontal5/PA30/FLAT64Flat 1G !65Welding PositionsTabulation of Positions of Groove WeldsPositionDiagram ReferenceInclination of AxisRotation of FaceFlatA0 to 15150 to 210Horizontal B0 to 1580 to 150 210 to 280OverheadC0 to 800 to 80210 to 360VerticalD15 to 808
15、0 to 280E80 to 900 to 360How this table and the diagram on the previous page work are shown in the following diagrams66Horizontal Position Axis Inclined1567Basic Horizontal Position68Horizontal Position Uphill Inclined Limit1569Horizontal Position Downhill Inclined Limit1570Welding PositionsTabulati
16、on of Positions of Groove WeldsPositionDiagram ReferenceInclination of AxisRotation of FaceFlatA0 to 15150 to 210Horizontal B0 to 1580 to 150210 to 280OverheadC0 to 800 to 80210 to 360VerticalD15 to 8080 to 280E80 to 900 to 360How this table and the diagram on the previous page work are shown in the
17、 following diagrams71Horizontal Position Rotated8015070 range21028070 Range72210Start at the Flat Rolled Limits18030Lets go to an end view. . . .73Horizontal End View30Horizontal starts where Flat ends. . . .21074Horizontal Rotates to where the plate is perpendicular to the ground30Horizontal rotate
18、s clockwise . .75Horizontal Position Rotated Limit30Horizontal ends here. . . .10902807670Non-inclined Horizontal Position LimitsStarts with plate Rotated 307770Non-inclined Horizontal Position LimitsFinishes with plate Rotated 10 beyondperpendicular78Composite Horizontal Position Limits151579Compar
19、e Horizontal to 2G/PC80Test Position 2G/PCPlates VerticalWeld Axis Horizontal15/PC15/H5/PC-60+10/H81Horizontal 2G/PC !8280280Overhead Position160 range83Basic OverheadFace of weld is overhead!084Basic Overhead End ViewFace of weld is overhead085Overhead Partial Rotation End ViewFace of weld is overh
20、ead086Overhead Maximum Rotation End View0280Face of weld onThis side87Overhead Maximum Opposite Rotation End View028080Face of weld onThis side88Same Rotation in Isometric View89Basic OverheadFace of weld is overhead090Face of weld is overheadOverhead Partial Rotation Isometric View091Overhead Maxim
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