2022年反义疑问句特殊用法总结教学文稿 .pdf

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1、精品文档精品文档1当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，附加疑问句中的主语用 you。如：I find English very interesting, don t you? I dont like that film, do you? 2当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody, anybody, anyone, none, neither等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用 he，尤其是 nobody, no one等作主语，具有否定概念时。如：Everyone is

2、here, aren t they? No one knows about it, do they? Somebody phoned while I was out, didn t they? Everyone enjoyed the party, didn t they? Nobody wants to go there, does he? 3当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something 时，反意疑问句中的主语一般用it，不用 they。如：Everything seems all right now, doesn t it? N

3、othing is kept in good order, is it? Something must be done to stop pollution, isnt it? Something is wrong with my radio, isnt it? 4.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that 或 these, those 时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it 和 they。如：This is important, isnt it? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共

4、 7 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档That isnt correct, is it? This is a plane, isnt it? These are grapes ，arent they? These are your friends Tom and Jack, arent they? 5.如果陈述部分是以代词one 作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用 one，非正式场合用 you,在美国英语中，在非正式场合还可以用he。如：One should be ready to help others, shouldnt one? One can t be

5、too careful, can one?或 can you? One should do his duty, shouldn t he? 6如果陈述部分用Im结构，附加疑问部分一般用arent I/ain t I/am I not。如：I am strong and healthy, aren t I. I am working now, aint I.7当陈述句为 there be 结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如：Theres no help for it, is there? Theres something wrong, isnt there? 8陈述部分带有seldom

6、, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing, not, no, no one, nobody, none, neither, never 等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如：Bob rarely got drunk, did he? Few people know him, do they? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档He i

7、s never late for school, is he? She seldom goes to the cinema, does she? You got nothing from him, did you? 如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么， 该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如：He was unsuccessful, wasn t he? Tom dislikes the book, doesn t he? It is unfair, isnt it? 9当陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如：She says t

8、hat I did it, doesn t she? I told them not everybody could do it ,didnt I? 但当陈述部分的主语是I，谓语是 think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时，附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。I suppose that hes serious ， isnt he? I dont think she cares, does she? 10当陈述部分是并列句， 附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如：Xiao Lin has been writing

9、 letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldnt he? 11在由“祈使句 +附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档一般用 will you, won t you, would you,有时也可用 can you, can t you, why don t you, could you 等。 用 will

10、 you 多表示“请求”， 用 wont you 多表示提醒对方注意。如：Look at the blackboard, will you/wont you? Dont open the door, will you? Give me some cigarettes, can you? Take a rest, why don t you? 但是，以 lets 开头的祈使句， 附加疑问部分用shall we或 shant we;以 let us开头的祈使句，如果含义是allow us，不包括听话人在内，疑问部分用 will you。如：Let s go home, shall we/shant

11、 we? Let s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we? Let us go out for a rest, will you? 12 当陈述部分带有情态动词must 表示 “必须”时， 疑问部分用 mustnt。如：You must work hard next term, mustnt you? I must answer the letter, mustnt I? 但若表推测这层含义时，不能用must，而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构（即 must 之后的动词）以及含义采用相应的动词形式。must + have + done 是

12、对过去情况的推测，当陈述部分没有明确的表示过去的时间状语时，附加疑问要用have 的相应形式；当陈述部分有明确的过去时间状语时，附加疑问要用过去时。如：精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档You must have made a mistake, haven t you? They must have seen the film last week, didn t they? He must be in the lib

13、rary, isn t he? 13当陈述部分含有情态动词used to 时，疑问部分可用 usednt 或didnt。如：The old man used to smoke, didn t he?或 usednt he? Tom used to live here, usedn t he?或 didnt he? 14. 当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to 时，疑问部分用 oughtnt 或shouldnt。如：He ought to know the answer, oughtnt he? We ought to read this book, oughtnt we?或 shouldnt

14、 we? 15当陈述部分含有had better 时，疑问部分用hadnt。如：Youd better finish your homework now, hadn t you? 16感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be 的现在时，且常用否定形式。如：What a clever boy, isn t he? What a lovely day, isn t it? 17陈述句子中的主语为从句、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。如：Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn t it? Betwe

15、en six and seven will suit you, won t it? Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档What you need is more important, isnt it ？18在口语和非正式文体中，为了加强语气，只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答，这时

16、前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如：Oh, he is a writer, is he? You ll not go, wont you? 19 陈述句中的谓语动词是wish， 表示愿望时用 may， 且用肯定形式。如：I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I? 20当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have（has）时，疑问部分既可用 have 形式，也可用 do 形式。如：You have a new bike, haven t you（或 dont you）? She doesn t have any money in her po

17、cket, does she? 21. have(has) 不是表示“有”的意思，并在句中做谓语时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如：They had a meeting just now ，didnt they? 22. 陈述部分有 have to 时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如：You have to water the vegetables every day, dont you? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - - 文档编码：KDHSIBDSUFVBSUDHSIDHSIBF-SDSD587FCDCVDCJUH 欢迎下载 精美文档欢迎下载 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -