绝对有用的雅思阅读考试与题型分析ppt课件.ppt

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1、雅思阅读 模板法Contents雅思阅读考试与题型分析试题拆解与攻略试题常见陷阱与分析雅思阅读考试与题型分析雅思听力对于词汇的熟练程度要求最高口语考试对词汇掌握熟练程度稍松写作题目的广度和深度使得写作的词汇量要求又高了一些阅读的词汇量要求最大，熟练度较低熟练度词汇量口语听力阅读写作雅思阅读考试与题型分析听力结束后开始，1小时时间阅读量：3篇文章，共2000-2750词文章来源：报纸，书籍，杂志，学术期刊。至少一篇议论文假设口语速度为125 Words/分钟，仅仅看完以上3篇文章就需要20分钟+，所以没有必要没有必要把文章读完再做题把文章读完再做题。雅思阅读考试与题型分析评分标准雅思考试共40道

2、题，满分9分分数正确题目个数835730623516雅思阅读考试与题型分析文章难易程度的判别文章的题材和背景是否熟悉文章的长度语言难度排版字体所配题型雅思阅读考试与题型分析文章结构分析介绍性的说明文文章第一段用具体的事例引出文章主题，然后介绍主题相关的起源，发展，现况，并在最后一段进行展望。事例事例主题主题起源起源发展发展现现况况展望展望雅思阅读考试与题型分析论证性的议论文开头段落引出需要论辩的观点，然后介绍这个有争议的论点的发展过程以及不同人对其进行的论证和相互间的辩论。雅思阅读考试与题型分析议论文基本结构分析一般：总起分叙述总结时间顺序：回顾过去立足现在展望未来问题讨论引出问题问题原因问题

3、发展问题的过程原理问题的影响问题的解决方法方法局限性展望问题解决的前景雅思阅读考试与题型分析人物介绍身份特点事业发展功绩对人物不同的看法影响人们对人物的认可试验起因试验者介绍试验目的试验方法过程结果体现的问题结论进一步试验的需要试题拆解与攻略 雅思阅读考试题型Multiple Choice（单选，多选，文章大意选择）Identifying information（判断）Identifying writers review（判断）Matching information（段落内容匹配）Matching Headings（段落大意配对）Matching Features（分类匹配，名称匹配）Mat

4、ching sentence Ending（句子完成，因果匹配）Sentence completion（原文填空，选词填空）Summary, note, table, flow-chart completionDiagram label completion（图表）Short-answer questions（简答）试题拆解与攻略相似信息匹相似信息匹配配缺损信息定缺损信息定位位匹配度删选匹配度删选选择题句子完成填空段落大意匹配分类匹配Summary 填空段落内容匹配图表题简答题流程图判断题试题拆解与攻略二分法找题目对应原文的出题句根据出题句判断题目的答案试题拆解与攻略Over the past

5、 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled.Fill the blanks:In recent years, many of them have been obliged to give up _ lifestyle.试题拆解与攻略Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled.Fill the blanks:In recent years, many of them have been obliged to gi

6、ve up _ lifestyle.The Answer: nomadic试题拆解与攻略Countries still trade disproportionately with their geographic neighbors.True or false ?Most countries continue to prefer to trade with nearby nations.试题拆解与攻略Countries still trade disproportionately with their geographic neighbors.True or false ?Most count

7、ries continue to prefer to trade with nearby nations.The Answer: True试题拆解与攻略黄金准则雅思考试的出题一定是先有文章后有题每一道雅思阅读的题干都是原文中的一句或者几句的严格对应改写 不同的题型是通过对改写句子的具体加工产生的最重要就是找的快找的准，然后再看大家比照题干和原文判断答案的技巧。试题拆解与攻略每篇文章后面都是13个题目，对应的有至少13句话来自于文章的各个位置（且部分还是遵循了顺序原则）并且都是重要的信息点，所以细读题干也可以了解文章的整体内容；其次由于出题点经常都会与诸段的主题句有所关联，这样可以在接下来做题的

8、时候再浏览这些句子，节省宝贵的做题时间。顺序原则：单一题型内题号顺序一般为其答案在文章当中所出现的顺序。试题拆解与攻略假设一篇文章后面1-7题为选择题，8-13题为填空题。那么考试中第8题所对应的原文并不一定会出现在第7题所对应的原文后面。但是1-7题和8-13题分别遵守顺序原则，答案在文章之中的位置基本依次出现。注意：段落大意匹配题与段落内容匹配题这两种题不存在顺序原则顺序原则的另一体现就是平均分布原则：单一题型内各题所对应到原文中的答案位置之间的距离大致上是相等的。试题拆解与攻略雅思试题的诞生过程选择长度难度适宜的文章挑选文章中的信息点决定信息点适用的题型将原文对应句子改写成题干句子将题干

9、句子进行删减形成题干试题拆解与攻略标志词：是一种特定表达，这些表达是出题人在改写原文的过程中没有办法替换掉的词或表达。而且这些词在文章中非常容易定位。各种形式的数字各种形式的字母大写各种特殊书写形式特殊词型概念词汇试题拆解与攻略标志词的变化标志词的变化各种形式的数字原文中的阿拉伯数字在题干中出现被替换成英文形式原文中的具体实数在题干中被替换成大约数字或者逐个列举原文中的特殊数字（1/2, ）在题干中替换成特殊形式原文中的时间，日期和年代替换成其他形式各种形式的字母大写题干中的名称在原文中用指示代词或者人称代词代指上面已经提过的题干中的名称在原文中用定冠词来代指上面已经提到题干中的缩写在原文中以

10、完整形式出现试题拆解与攻略各种特殊书写形式题干中的eg替换成原文中的 for example, such as, like等题干中的括号替换成原文的从句题干中的A，B and C 在原文中顺序打乱特殊词性形容词替换成同义词（会保留比较级和最高级）原文的时间范围替换成题干中的时间副词原文中的形容词替换成题干中的副词原文中的货币数字替换成题干中的形容词，题干中的 environment 替换成原文中的wind air water 等试题拆解与攻略特殊时态题干中的将来时态will一定对应文章中的将来时态题干中的过去完成时态，一定对应文中的过去完成时态试题拆解与攻略题干的读取可以尝试将题干翻译出来，并

11、进行标记可以将关键词或标志词圈点，并翻译或标记难易原则除了段落内容匹配题和段落大意匹配两种题型难度较大，可以安排到最后再做，其他的题型实际上没有一定顺序原则：从标志词多的题开始做，然后按照标志词递减的方式去做。试题常见陷阱与分析同义词替换：题干中的形容词、动词和名词往往会被替换成同意或意思相近的词汇。原文：Experiment showed that, in fact, facial vision is nothing to do with touch or the front of the face, although the sensation may be referred to the

12、 front of the face, like the referred pain in a phantom limb.题目：In fact, the sensation is more similar to the way in which pain from a _ might be felt.试题常见陷阱与分析数字替换：题目中的阿拉伯数字文中以英文出现，或故意断行分开；或题干中只有大概的数字，文中有具体数字。题干：The survey concluded that one-fifth or 20% of the household transport requirement as ou

13、tside local area.原文：Interest facts regarding transport were found: 95% was on foot; 80% was within the locality; 试题常见陷阱与分析题干：In addition, over two thousand years ago kites were used in China as weapons as well as for sending _.原文：as early as 1250BC, the Chinese were using them to deliver messages an

14、d dump debris on their foes.试题常见陷阱与分析前后顺序调换：题干中答案出现在标志词的右方，原文中对应答案却出现在标志词的左方。题干：Radar and sonar are based on similar _原文：But the underlying mathematical theories of radar and sonar are very similar.试题常见陷阱与分析题干：Water use per person is higher in the industrial world than it was in Ancient Rome.原文：At t

15、he height of the Roman Empire, nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today.试题常见陷阱与分析主被动替换：原文的主动（或被动）形式在改写成题干的时候改写成被动（或主动）形式题干：Radar is an inaccura

16、te term when referring to bats because _ are not used in their navigation system.原文：It is technically incorrect to talk about bat radar, since they dont use radio waves.试题常见陷阱与分析否定形式的替换：原文中的否定形式替换成其他形式从而变得不易定位。否定形式与否定形式之间的替换双重否定结构和肯定结构题干：The _ people were an example of the later and for them the env

17、ironment did not prove unmanageable.原文：But around a thousand years ago, one group emerged that was uniquely well adapted to cope with the Arctic environment. These Thule people moved in from Alaska.试题常见陷阱与分析题干：Although most farmers would be unable to _, Professor Pretty.原文：Professor Pretty feels tha

18、t organic farming would be too big a jump in thinking and in practices for many farmers 试题常见陷阱与分析多项并列列举：题干中所出现的为两项列举（A and B）或者三项列举（A，B and C）。题干：The territory of Nunavut consists of little more than ice, rock, and a few _.原文：Nunavut is 1.9 million square kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful of

19、 islands around the North Pole.试题常见陷阱与分析具体与概念的替换：将原文中的具体表达形式进行总结，以概念表达形式在题干中出现（反之同理）。题干：In the following-up class, the teaching activities _ those used in conventional classes.原文：Some hours after the two-part session, there is a follow-up class at which the students are simulated to recall the mater

20、ial presented. Once again the approach is indirect. The students do not focus their attention on trying to remember the vocabulary, but focus on using the language to communicate (e.g. through games or improvised dramatizations). Such methods are not unusual in language teaching.试题常见陷阱与分析Countries 具

21、体国家名称Temperate/heat 具体温度数字Nature/environment 具体的自然名词（water, river, wind, solar.）Colors 具体的颜色名词Weather 具体的天气名词（wind, storm, typhoon）Landscape 具体的地形地貌（desert, plain, mountain） 试题常见陷阱与分析人称代词或指示代词替换：将答案藏到标志词集中出现的句子之前或之后，同时使用人称代词留下提示。题干：Dr. Johnson believed that _ is the major cause of this particular di

22、sease.原文：Dr. Johnson is one of the leading scientists in this area. He believed that the disease could be cured. Certain experiments had been carried out through the last century however no evident result had been found. Still, he linked mainly food with this particular disease.试题常见陷阱与分析冠词替换：将填空题空格之

23、前的冠词进行替换题干：You need a _ to open the front door.原文：Every resident should always carry the blue key with them for the front door.试题常见陷阱与分析题干：The word echolocation was first used by someone working as a _.原文：The American zoologist Donald Griffin, who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar i

24、n bats, coined the term echolocation to cover both sonar and radar, whether used by animals or by human instruments.试题常见陷阱与分析介词的替换：将题目中的介词替换成其他的介词，实意动词或短语。常见于填空题：题目中以介词+空格出现，但文中不出现介词。题干： suggests that they may have experienced with _原文： suggests that the Egyptians might have been developing ideas of

25、 flight for a long.试题常见陷阱与分析For表示原因：可以替换成其他的因果关系或名词。表示目的：可以替换成不定式表示目的状语，可以替换成表示目的的名词（purpose, aim, goal）By表示方法手段：替换成其他表示方法的介词（with, through）；替换成表示“使用”的实意动词（use, adopt, utilize）表示被动语态：可以替换成主动语态的表达形式试题常见陷阱与分析Of表示从属关系：替换成代词的所有格表示属于：belong, include替换成形容词With表示使用的方法手段：同by表示“和，一起”：可以替换成拥有的实意动词（have, avail

26、able, possess）试题常见陷阱与分析自我否定：原文中用和题干几乎一样的文字表示肯定，后面使用否定形式驳倒一切，再出现真正的答案。题干：Although Lozanovs method has become quite well known, the results of most other teachers using this method have been _.原文：While suggestopedia has gained some notoriety through success in the teaching of modern languages, few teachers are able to emulate the spectacular results of Lozanov and his associates.