2022年托福TOEFL独立写作七类核心词汇总结 .pdf

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1、1 独立写作七类核心词汇总结一、媒体类必背词汇paparazzi 狗仔队mass media 大众媒体entertainment 娱乐journalism 新闻业journal 期刊the latest news 最新消息exclusive news 独家新闻news agency 新闻社news block out 新闻封锁news censorship 新闻是审查freedom of the press 新闻自由coverage 新闻报道do reportage on 报道 hit the headlines 上头条issue 出版，发行newsstand 报摊free-lancer wr

2、iter 自由撰稿人chief editor 总编editorial 社论newsworthy 值得报道的barometer 晴雨表the barometer of public opinion 舆论的晴雨表live broadcast 直播quiz show 智力竞赛节目game show 游戏节目variety show 综合节目talk show 脱口秀sitcom 情景喜剧soap opera 肥皂剧movie star 电影明星movie king 影帝movie queen 影后affair 绯闻celebrity 名人fame 名声rise to fame 声名鹊起fan 热心追

3、求者invade one s privacy 侵扰了 的隐私misleading 误导性的cheating 欺骗性的popularity 知名度scandal 丑闻精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 2 sensational 轰动的prevalent 普遍的，流行的imperative 重要的，必要的audience ratings 收视率propaganda 宣传be abducted by 受诱导purify one s so

4、ul 净化心灵live in a virtual world 生活在一个虚拟世界中be a great comfort to somebody 对来说是一个巨大安慰meet different tastes 满足不同口味provide somebody with something 给 提供 follow the fashion blindly 盲目追求时尚commit crimes 犯罪be inconceivable to somebody 对 来说是难以想象的impressive 给人印象深刻的right to know 知情权in the disguise of 打着 的幌子endan

5、ger social stability and safety 危害社会稳定和安全information era 信息时代keep one informed about something 是某人了解 audience/viewers 观众have unhealthy and harmful effects on 对有不良影响information-explosion society 信息爆炸的社会influential 有影响的revolutionize the way we acquire information 彻底改变我们获取信息的方式blessing 福curse 祸various

6、thrilling programs 各种各样激动人心的节目poor-quality programs 低质量节目ever-accelerated 不断发展的exaggerate 夸张enjoyable 令人享受的fashionable 时尚的electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射psychological illnesses 心理疾病isolated 孤僻的unimaginative 缺乏想象力的unsociable 不好社交的deprive somebody of one s imagination and creativity 使 失去想象力和创造力jeopardi

7、ze one s health 危害健康be exposed to 了解到 ，接触到 find its way into every family 进入千家万户global village 地球村be indulged in 沉溺于 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3 be addicted to 对上瘾be fascinated by 被 所吸引be dependent on 依赖 second-hand informatio

8、n 二手信息go astray 误入歧途embark on the criminal road 走上犯罪道路irresistible 无法抵制的hallmark 标志create topics of discussion 制造交谈话题critical thinking 批判性思维powerful means of communication 有力的交流工具main cause 主因tempting 有诱惑力的reliable 可靠的family attachment 家庭归属感mutual understanding 相互了解alienation of affection 感情疏远be sic

9、k of 对 厌倦generation gap 代沟exchanges of feelings 感情交流emotional bond 感情纽带strengthen family ties 加强家庭纽带关系be detached from reality 与现实隔绝distinguish right from wrong 明辨是非edifying 有教育意义的couch potato 电视迷be harmful to 对有害imitate 模仿inexpressible 难以形容的physical and mental healthy 身心健康stimulate one s imaginatio

10、n and creativity 激发某人的想象力和创造力unwholesome lifestyle 不健康的生活方式a great deal of information 大量的信息二、工作类必背词汇ambitious 雄心壮志的，野心勃勃的adaptability 适应性adapt oneself to 使自己 prosperity 繁荣be disadvantageous to 对不利flow of personnel 人才流动mechanism of personnel flow 人才流动机制survival of the fittest 适者生存a sense of accompli

11、shment 成就感精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 4 potentiality 潜能learn to cooperate and compromise 学习合作和妥协be deeply impressed with 对印象很深company philosophy 企业文化flexibility灵活性competitive 竞争激烈的arena 舞台team work spirit 团队合作精神treasure opportun

12、ity 珍惜机会a fat salary 收入颇丰a harmonious interpersonal relationship 和谐的人际关系a sense of responsibility 责任感material gains 物质待遇promising future 光明的前途bright prospect 光明的前景a challenging job 一份具有挑战性的工作turning point 转折点be closely related to 与息息相关get advanced in the society 出人头地a decent job 一份体面的工作a chance of p

13、romotion 升迁机会stability and satisfaction 稳定感和满足感keep skills fresh and up-to-date 使技能可以不断更新expand one s horizon 开阔视野balance work and life 平衡工作和生活from-nine-to-five 朝九晚五一族shoulder/undertake one s responsibility 承担自己的责任upgrade oneself 提升自我a well-paid job 高收入工作creative work 创造性工作stand up to / meet the cha

14、llenge 迎接挑战realize the value of life 实现人生价值enrich one s social experience 丰富一个人的社会阅历cultivate one s independence and toughness 培养自己的独立性和坚韧性seek for personal development 追求个人发展display one s talent 展示才能a sense of self-fulfillment 自我实现感a promotion opportunity 提升机会meet one s personalized needs 满足某个人个性化需

15、求define one s role 确定自己的角色social recognition 社会认可accumulate experience 获取经验inspiring 鼓舞人心的motivation 动机精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 5 workaholic 工作狂working environment 工作环境work overtime 加班improve one s capabilities 提高某人能力develop

16、one s talents 培养才智ideal workplace 理想工作场所master interpersonal skills 掌握人际交往技能三、社会类必背词汇urbanization 城市化centralization 集中化imbalance 不平衡in the long run 从长远角度而言infrastructure 基础设施booming 繁荣发展的tertiary industry 第三产业tranquility 宁静revenue 税收commercialization 商业化traffic congestion 交通拥挤water scarcity 水短缺the e

17、nvironmental pollution 环境污染over-industrialization 过度工业化over-crowdedness 过度拥挤unemployment 失业wealth distribution 财富分配social instability 社会动荡urban construction 城市建设population explosion 人口激增a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会a rapid pace o

18、f life 快节奏生活stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病high cost of living 高额生活费用pastoral life 田园生活class polarization 阶级两极分化social welfare 社会福利give special care to 给予 特殊关照urban sprawl 城市扩张convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具better medical services 更好的医疗服务pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力be vulnerable

19、to 易于患上 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 6 melting pot 熔炉on the brink of 处于 边缘pollutant 污染性物质waste disposal 废物处理put the blame on 归咎于 be attributable to 归因于 ways of consumption 消费方式suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失citizen 居民be confronted wit

20、h 面临着 breed crimes 滋生犯罪vicious cycle 恶性循环a feasible measure 一种可行的措施give priority to 优先考虑 city planners 城市规划者save resource 节省资源flourishing 繁荣昌盛speed up 加速relieve the pressure of 缓解 的压力advocate the management of resources 倡导资源管理benefit from 从中受益put forward valuable suggestions 提出宝贵意见play a major role

21、in easing traffic 在缓解压力上扮演了重要角色participate in the reconstruction of the city 参与城市重建raise the environmental management level 提高环境管理水平create a pleasant ecological environment 创造出一种和谐的生态环境give priority to 优先关注catch much attention 引起很大关注resource allocation 资源配置perfect the construction of urban infrastru

22、cture 完善城市基础设施建设reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆implement strict vehicle emission standards 制定严格的汽车排放标准reduce waste 减少浪费eliminate poverty and backwardness 消除贫穷与落后prevent and control pollution 预防和控制污染reinforce the conservation of water and soil 加强水土保护keep ecological balance 维持生态平衡adopt environmenta

23、l protection technique 采取环保技术create a healthy culture environment 创造出一种健康的文化氛围strengthen the regulation and monitoring 加强监督和管理enhance the governmental intrusion 加大政府干预性措施promote the legislative regulations 促进立法管理establish and perfect the social security system 建立和完善社会的安全体系give special care to 给某人和某物

24、特别的关照精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 7 map out (work out) a blueprint of 制定出 的发展蓝图impose some restrictions on 对实施限制increase the inputs in 加大对 的投入arouse people s awareness of 唤醒人们的 意识take some preventive (remedial) measures 采取一些预防(补救

25、 ) 措施enforce on-the-spot penalties 采取立即惩罚性措施play the role of media 发挥媒体的作用take proper guidance and support 采取恰当的引导和支持impose heavier penalty on 对采取更加严格的惩罚set down effective laws 制定积极有效的法律urban planning 城市规划result in shortage of energy and natural resources 导致能源和自然资源的短缺break the ecological balance 破坏生

26、态平衡be harmful to our physical and mental health 对我们的身心健康有害contaminate the environment 污染环境promote the sustainable development of the city 促进城市的可持续发展greenhouse effect 温室效应strengthen pollution control 加强污染控制popularize environmental protection knowledge 普及环保知识burning 迫在眉睫四、文化类必背词汇cultural diversity 文化多

27、元化cultural treasures 文化宝藏cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流cultural reconstruction 文化重建spiritual civilization 精神文明heritage 遗产achievements of art 艺术成就tear down 拆除humane historical sites 人文历史遗址preserve the cultural relics 保护文化遗产blueprint 蓝图skyscraper 摩天大楼high-rise office buildings 高层写字楼city constructi

28、on 城市建设well-structured 结构良好的crystallization 结晶visual enjoyment 视觉享受driving force 驱动力reconstruct 重建destruct 破坏architectural industry 建筑工业map out 制定出精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 8 city designing 城市设计beautify our life 美化我们的生活human c

29、ivilization 人类文明cradle of culture 文化摇篮mainstream culture 主流文化cultural traditions 文化传统national pride 民族自豪感local customs and practices 风土人情attract people s eyes 吸引人们的眼球artistic taste 艺术品味cornerstone 基石be closely interrelated with 与有密切关系adhere to the tradition 坚持传统architectural vandalism 破坏建筑行为carry fo

30、rward 弘扬 cultural needs 文化需求reputation 声望maintain the world peace 维护世界和平artistic reflection 艺术反应give publicity to 宣传 burden 负担cause irreversible damage 造成不可逆转的损失national identity and value 民族特性和价值观remove prejudice and misunderstanding 消除偏见和误解symbol 象征artistic standards 艺术水准enjoy great popularity 广受欢

31、迎cultural devolution 文化退化cultural insights 文化视觉learn about the world 了解世界a thrilling experience 一段令人激动的经历abstract 抽象的concrete 具体的move somebody to tears 使感动流泪get relaxed and entertained 得到放松和娱乐venue 场所have its value 有自己的价值inspiration 灵感scope of knowledge 知识面lasting artistic works 永恒的艺术作品abstruse 深奥的b

32、reak with old customs 抛弃传统carry down from generation to generation 代代相传advocate the new lifestyle 倡导新的生活方式精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 9 entertainment 娱乐be different from 与不同direct experience 直接经验echo 共识satiate people s psycholog

33、ical demands 满足心理需求attach more importance to 更重视 spiritual enhancement 精神升华a mirror of 的一面镜子determinant 决定性因素eclipse 使 相形见绌contribute to 有助于 a sense of cool and satisfaction 一种惬意的感觉pastimes 消遣方式nurture imagination 培养想象力meditation 沉思the essence of immortality 永恒的精髓instructive 有启发性的edification 熏陶arous

34、e one s curiosity about something 引发某人对某事的好奇心enrich one s knowledge 丰富某人知识value of knowledge 知识的价值cultural differences 文化差异Time id fleeting and art is long. 时光飞逝，艺术永恒。五、环保类必背词汇vivisection 活体解剖perform experiments on animals 在动物身上做实验test animals 用于实验的动物be subjected to experiments 被迫接受试验animal rights 动

35、物权利clinical research 临床研究cruel 残忍的extremist 极端主义者medical research 医学研究origin of species 物种起源alternative method 替代的方法biological diversity 生物多样性natural balance 自然平衡equilibrium of ecosystem 生态平衡coexistence 共存endangered animals 濒危动物diversity of species 物种多样性shameless 无耻的barbaric 野蛮的精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - -

36、 - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 10 live and let live 活着就是与万物共存meaningless 没有意义dominant species 优势物种laboratory 实验室vaccine 疫苗infringement 践踏right to live 生存权torture 折磨anti-science 反科学life-threatening diseases 危及生命的疾病scientific gains 科学成果an ever-lasting th

37、eme 一个永恒的主题evolution 进化computer simulation 电脑模拟groundless 没有理由的humane 人道的medical technology 医疗技术anatomy 解剖equal 公平unreliable 不可信赖的valid 有效的，正当的usher in a brand-new lifestyle 带来一种崭新的生活方式enrich people s spiritual life 丰富人们的精神生活lead to the extinction of some species 导致一些物种的没绝penetrate every corner of o

38、ur life and be impressive 渗透到生活的方方面面并且给我们留下深刻的印象protection of wild animals 野生动物保护provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants 给野生动植物提供栖息地make an important step 迈出重要一步advocate civilized lifestyle 倡导文明的生活方式intensified competition 激烈的竞争be based on 基于set (present) a bad example to 给某人树立

39、坏的榜样be a root of all evil 是万恶之源maintain a natural balance 维护自然平衡meet the demands of people 迎合和满足人们的需求account for 解释，占到protect and improve the living environment and the ecological environment 保护和促进生存环境和生态环境seize opportunities 抓住机遇devote oneself to 投身于 be dedicated to 致力于 mirror human civilization 体现

40、人类文明share views similar to 与持有相同的观点精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 11 help each other forward 携手共进have cooperative ties with 与有合作关系be a direct result of 是的直接结果have no apparent connection to 与 没有显著关系deserve to be mentioned 值得一提patte

41、rn of life 生活方式to one s heart s content 称心如意be filled with confidence and strength 充满信心和力量create the course of 开创了 的历程enter a new period 进入新时期have a far-reaching impact on 对产生深远的影响pursue progress 追求进步look forward to the bright future 展望未来be accustomed to 习惯于give full play to 充分发挥 emotional comfort 情

42、感慰藉rely on 依赖 六、科技类必背词汇advanced science 尖端科学scientific invention 科学发明exert a far-reaching impact on 对产生深远的影响double-edged sword 双刃剑airplane 飞机pave the way for the future development 为未来的发展铺平道路lay a solid foundation for 为打下良好的基础energy crisis 能源危机depletion of resources 能源消耗milestone 里程碑sophisticated eq

43、uipment 尖端设备technical innovation 科技创新expediency 权宜之计antithetical 与背道而驰的over-commercialized 过度商业化的a heated discussion 热烈的讨论exhaust gas 废气disastrous 灾难性的overshadow 使相形见绌compared to/with 与相比usher in 引领speedy and comfortable 既快捷又舒适opposite forces 负面影响a fatal breakdown 致命故障potential hazards 潜在危险精品资料 - -

44、- 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - - 12 pose a threat to 对产生威胁promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展accelerate 加速 means of transportation 交通方式transportation tools 交通工具social status 社会地位environmentally-friendly resources 环保的资源make people s life eas

45、ier 使人们生活更方便alternative fuel 可替代燃料sustainable development 可持续性发展scientific exploration 科学探索air travel 航空旅行ridiculous 可笑的absurd 荒唐的substitute 取代overcome difficulties 克服困难make progress 取得进步a sense of national pride 民族自豪感unprecedented 前所未有的soaring 不断上升的give a great push to the economic growth 极大地推动经济发展

46、see dramatic breakthroughs 取得突破性进展aggravate 使恶化optimize 优化cure-all solution 万能良药automobile industry 汽车工业boost the economic development 促进经济发展levy the tax 征税modernization 现代化be viewed as 被视为是 be concerned about 对担忧，关注 pollution-free fuel 无污染燃料luxury 奢侈品chronic lead poisoning 慢性铅中毒fill with 使充斥着 popul

47、arization of cars 汽车普及lay more emphasis on 把重心放在 observe traffic regulations 遵守交通规则break traffic regulations 违反交通规则get struck in traffic 遇上堵车rush hour 上下班高峰时间ease the traffic pressure 缓解交通压力pedestrian 行人pavement 人行道精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 18 页 - -

48、- - - - - - - - 13 zebra crossing 斑马线over speed 超速行驶bottleneck 交通堵塞地区settle down effective laws 制定出积极有效的法律impose restrictions on 对 实施限制short-sighted 目光短浅的non-renewable resources 不可再生资源carbon dioxide 二氧化碳a pillar industry 支柱产业make full use of 充分利用road networks 公路网speed limits 限速enhance the quality of

49、 life 提高生活质量pay a heavy price 付出惨痛的代价promote the development of relative industries 促进相关产业发展traffic engineering 交通运输工程the number of car ownership 汽车拥有量call for 需要 overcrowded 过度拥挤的violator 违规者headache 令人头痛的事traffic accidents 交通事故head-way 进展conflict with 与相冲突major cause 主要原因be replaced by 被所取代provide

50、 convenience for 为 提供便利curb 限制dilemma 进退两难encourage somebody to do something 鼓励某人去做某事energy-saving 节能的marketable products 畅销产品potential market 潜在市场in view of 考虑到be tempted into an unhealthy lifestyle 从而过上一种不健康的生活方式jump into our sight 映入眼帘fake and exaggerated information 虚假信息be deceptive and misleadi