英语商务合同的语言特征及翻译原则_咸飞.docx

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1、 分类号 _ 密 级 _ U D C _ 单 位 代 码 10151 英语商务合同的语言特征及翻译原则 咸飞 指 导 教 师 李 生 禄 职称 教授 学位授予单位大连海事大学 申请学位级别硕士 学科与专业外国语言学及应用语言学 论文完成日期 2009 年 1 月 论文答辩日期 2009 年 6 月 27 日 答辩委员会主席 f f 才 / A Study on Linguistic Features and Translation Principles of Contract English A thesis Submitted to Dalian Maritime University In

2、 partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts By Xian Fei (Linguistics and Applied Linguistics in Foreign Languages ) Thesis Supervisor: Professor Li Shenglu June 2009 大连海事大学学位论文原创性声明和使用授权说明 原创性声明 本人郑重声明：本论文是在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果， 撰写成硕士学位论文 “ 英语商务合同的语言特征及翻译原则 ” 。除论文中已经 注

3、明引用的内容外，对论文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明 确方式标明。本论文中不包含任何未加明确注明的其他个人或集体已经公开发表 或未公开发表的成果。本声明的法律责任由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名： )1f 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者及指导教师完全了解大连海事大学有关保留、使用研究生学 位论文的规定，即：大连海事大学有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交学位论 文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权大连海 事大学可以将本 学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，也可采用影印、缩印或扫 描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文。同意将本学位论文收录到中国优秀博硕士

4、学位论文全文数据库 （ 中国学术期刊（光盘版）电子杂志社）、中国学位论 文全文数据库（中国科学技术信息研究所 ） 等数据库中，并以电子出版物形式 出版发行和提供信息服务。保密的论文在解密后遵守此规定。 本学位论文属于： 保 密 口 在 _年解密后适用本授权书。 不保密口 （请在以上方框内打 “7” ) 论文作者签名 ： t 导师签名： 曰 5年 7? A 中 文 摘 要 摘要 作为一种国际语言和许多国家的官方语言，英语在国际贸易和交往合作领域 中扮演者极其重要的作用。在涉外经贸合作交往过程中，双方除了通过谈判或函 电协商达成协议后，还需要另行签订正式的书面文件一合同。作为商务领域一种 重要的沟

5、通方式之一，商务合同在企业的日常运营中愈来愈显示出其重要性。 本文旨在帮助商务人士掌握英语商务合同的翻译技巧，以便其能够更好的与 国外合作伙伴沟通。文章首先介绍英语商务合同翻译的重要性，结合传统翻译理 论的回顾与讨论、分析了商务英语语言与合同英语语言的特征，总结了英语商务 合同翻译的相关策略，并为将来的研究方向做出了尝试性的探讨。 本文共分为五部分。第一部分陈述了国际商务合同在翻译过程中所存在的问 题，旨在此基础上探讨研究国际商务合同翻译策略的价值。第二部分主要对传统 翻译理论作了相应总结与回顾，提出了自己的观点。第三部分介绍了国际商务合 同的定义、种类和结构，讨论了商务英语与合同英语语言特征

6、，并从文体、词汇、 语法和语义等方面分别举例论证。第四部分主要阐述了国际商务合同的翻译要遵 循的原则，分析国际商务合同的翻译标准，并配有典型而切实有用的例证。第五 部分为结论，提出了忠实，精确和符合俗例为英语商务合同的三个翻译的主要原 则，同时总结出掌握广博的商务知识、出色的双语能力和理论与实践的深度结合 等对翻译实践的建议。由于研究的程度不够深入，文章还指出了不足之处及未来 研究的方向。 关键词：英语合同；翻译原则；功能性对等 英 文 摘 要 ABSTRACT Being an international language and acting as official language in

7、 many countries, English language itself has shown great significance in international trade and communication. When dealing with foreign business partners, the parties concerned have to conclude a transaction in the written form in most cases after negotiation and letter correspondence. As an impor

8、tant form of communication in business affairs, business contract in English plays a more important role in corporate daily operations. The thesis aims to offer business people the relative translation guidelines, as to better there communication skills. It begins with the importance of the study on

9、 translation strategies of business contract in English. Next, with a review and analysis on the traditional translation theories, the author gives a detailed discussion on Business Englishes and contract English characteristics, then provides the relative translation strategies. Finally, some sugge

10、stions on further study in the field have been put forward. This thesis consists of five parts. Chapter one is introducing the main issues in the course of contract translation， which paves the way for the discussion of business contract translation. Chapter Two is the literature review on the relat

11、ed translation theories, with the review of the traditional translation theories; the author puts forward some new principles. Chapter three has two parts. The first part is the general introduction on the definition, category and structure of business contract. The second part is an analysis on the

12、 pragmatic features of business contract in English in the aspects of words and syntax， with the additional discussion on Business English linguistic characteristics. Chapter Four goes to a comprehensive analysis on the translation principles for business contract in English. Chapter Five presents t

13、he suggestions for business contract translation， proposing “Faithfulness” ， “Accuracy” and “Conventionalization” principles in business contract translation， mainly including gaining a full rang of business knowledge, being bilingual in Chinese and English language and combining theories with pract

14、ice. Limitations and suggestions for further study are also proposed. Key Words： English contract； Translation Principle; Functional Equivalence Contents Contents Chapter One Introduction . 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 The Significance of the Research . 2 1.3 Research Questions . 4 1.4 Data Collection a

15、nd Methodology . 4 1.5 Layout of the Paper . 4 Chapter Two Literature Review . 6 2.1 Introduction of Business Contract . 6 2.1.1 Definition of Business Contract . 6 2.1.2 Categories of Business Contract. 7 2.1.3 Structure of Business Contracts . 8 2.2 Translation theories . 12 2.2.1 Nidas Theory of

16、Functional Equivalence . .12 2.2.2 Tytlers Three Principles of Translation . 13 2.2.3 Yan Fus Triple Principle of Translation . 13 2.2.4 Fu Leis Theory of Translation . 14 2.2.5 Qian Zhongshus Theory of Translation . 14 2_2.6 Latest Researchers Theories . 15 Chapter Three Linguistic Features Analysi

17、s . 17 3.1 Features of Business English . 17 3.1.1 Vocabulary and Contents Features . 17 3.1.2 Writing Styles Features . 18 3.1.3 Sentence Features . 19 3.1.4. Other Features . 20 3.2 Features of Contract English . 21 3.2.1 Words . 21 3.2.2 Syntax . 27 Chapter Four Principle Discussion of Contract T

18、ranslation . 35 4.1 Faithfulness . 35 4.2 Accuracy . 38 4.3 Conventionalization . 43 Contents Chapter Five Conclusion . 47 5.1 Major Findings . 47 5.2 Limitations of the Paper . 47 5.3 Suggestions for Further Study . 48 References . 49 Acknowledgements . 52 Resume . 53 Lists of Figures and Tables Li

19、sts of Figures and Tables Table 3.1 Formal Words Used in Contract English . 22 Table 3.2 Archaic Trait in Contract English . 24 Table 3.3 Nominalization Structure in Contract English . 33 A Study on Linguistic Features and Translation Principles of Contract English Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Backg

20、round Along with implementation of the Reform and Opening-up policy, China has been deeply melting into the world， that is to say, full-scale communications are arising with the outside world， in China every field such as education, economics, trade and science . At the same time more and more Chine

21、se tend to have contact with foreigners. However, due to the difference in language, culture and legal system, many people, especially the business persons are frustrated by various unavoidable legal disputes erupting from time to time, thus inevitably representing an unfavorable influence on the de

22、velopment of global economy as well as the performance of contracts. To avoid such disputes, contract applied in international business affairs shall be interpreted and defined without any ambiguity. Those who are better at dealing with both domestic and foreign cases flexibly are in an urgent need

23、under the current economy situation. Therefore, undoubtedly a master of contract English and knowledge of business contract are of great significance. This thesis puts its aim at alleviating these disputes by the analysis of the language features of contract English in English speaking countries and

24、 in the countries where English is used as communication language in doing business. With the constant development of commodity production and trade, business contract English and its written style are gradually changing in the business cycle. These changes can be seen in business contracts, leases,

25、 agreements, and guarantees and so on. Business contract has legal status once signed by the parties involved. Therefore it requires a good knowledge of both business English and legal English* Martin Joos once summarized five variants of English according to its degree extent, i.e. frozen style, fo

26、rmal style, consultative style, casual style and intimate style. The purpose of communication is the key factor to decide the style of language, thereby different communication goal calls for different kinds of writing styles. Business contract belongs to the frozen style or the most formal styles.

27、This style is gradually shaping up with the boom of world economy and trade in the long history. ngman Dictionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics. London: Longman Press. Shippey. (2000). International Contracts. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education. Solan. (1993). The Language of

28、 Judges. Chicago; The University of Chicago Press. 陈福康 ， （ 2006)， 中国译学理论史稿。上海：上海外语教育出版社。 陈小慰， （ 2 0 0 4 ) ,商务语篇的翻译。中国翻译第 3 期 91-92。 丁往道等， （ 1994)，英语写作手册。北京：外语教学与研究出版社。 段梦敏，（ 2005)，现代商务英语翻译策略。中国科技翻译第 18 卷 3 期 34-36。 方梦之， （ 2 0 0 2 ) ,翻译新论与实践。青岛：青岛出版社。 49 References 傅伟良， （ 2002),英文合同写作指要。北京 :商务印书馆国际有限

29、公司。 耿秉均， （ 1999),商用英文与国际实物。北京：世界图书出版公司。 何兆熊， （ 2000)，新编语用学概要。上海：上海外语教育出版社。 胡庚申、王春阵，（ 2001)，国际商务合同起草与翻译。北京 :外文出版社。 李俊， （ 2002)，英汉经贸合同精选。北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社。 李全申，（ 1998)，谈谈商务合同的翻译。中国翻译第 2 期 4245。 李郁，张琳， （ 2 0 0 3 ) , 论涉外合同英语的突破。商业研究第 9 期 174-176。 刘长缨， （ 2002),浅谈经贸英语的特点及翻译。四川师范学院学报第 1 期 77-82。 刘法公， （ 1999),

30、从商贸英语的特点谈商贸汉英翻译。解放军外国语学院学报第 2 期 73-76。 刘敢生，苑轶伦 ， （ 1991),怎样写英文本涉外经济合同。武汉：华中理工大学出版社。 刘海平，王守仁 ， （ 2000)， 国际商务英语教程。南京：南京大学出版社。 刘葭 ， （ 2003)，商务英语书面语语言特色的语用分析。株江工学院学报第 3 期 123-125。 潘红，（ 2004)，商务英语英汉翻译教程。北京：中国商务出版社。 戚云芳， （ 2002)， 新编外经贸英语写作与套语。杭州：浙江大学出版社。 秦晓杰， （ 2002)， 商务英语语篇的功能研究。厦门大学。 桑思民， （ 1 9 9 6 ) ,外

31、贸合同英语的特点及翻译。外语与外语教学第 6 期 14-17。 宋雷， （ 1 9 9 8 ) ,涉外合同翻译常见错误评析。中国翻译第 6 期 22-25。 孙万彪， （ 2 0 0 4 ) ,汉英法律翻译教程。上海 .上海外语教育出版社。 王晓辉，祝远德， （ 2001)， 谈商务英语的语言特点和翻译。广西大学学报第 12 期 126-129。 吴立广， （ 2004)，英汉双解商业英语关键词若干汉译的商榷。中国翻译第 5期 75-77 谢琼 ,(2005)，谈商务合同翻译。湖北成人教育学院学报第 3 期 77-78。 许国新 ，（ 2002),英文国际经济贸易合同中状语的语用分析和翻译技巧

32、。中国翻译第 3 期 61-64。 50 A Study on Linguistic Features and Translation Principles of Contract English 徐良霞等，（ 2004)，实用英语教你写合同。北京 :北京航空航天大学出版社。 杨一秋，（ 2003)，合同英语文体特点及翻译要点。中国科技翻译第 4 期 4043。 余富林， （ 2004)，商务英语翻译（外经贸版 ） 北京：中国商务出版社。 张俊明， （ 2 0 0 4 ) ,商务英语信函写作。北京：经济科学出版社。 张新红等， （ 2003),商务英语翻译。北京：高等教育出版社。 周富强，（

33、2000)，商务英语特色浅论。国际经贸探索第 4 期 72-79。 周兆祥，（ 2003)，财经翻译漫谈。中国翻译第 1 期 52 Acknowledgements Acknowledgements First, I am greatly indebted and thankful to my advisor, Professor Li Shenglu, for his encouragement and advice. His valuable advice serves the asign on the sea?, that helps me through the complex wri

34、ting process without getting lost. His sincere concern and words of encouragement give me the courage to go ahead bravely in the face of difficulty and frustration. He spent a lot of his precious time reading and correcting my paper. Without his help and guidance, I could never have finished my pape

35、r well. I also owe my thanks to all the professors and lecturers who taught me during my study at Foreign Language College in Dalian Maritime University. Their teaching certainly proved to be of great help and enlightening to my dissertation and me. Then, Fll give my thanks to those authors of books

36、 and journals, who support me a lot of very usefUl information and viewpoint， so that I can finish my thesis successfully. 52 Resume Resume 研究生履历 姓 名 咸飞 性 别 男 出生日期 1983 年 4 月 8 日 获学士学位专业及门类 文学学士 获学士学位单位 山东工商学院 获硕士学位专业及门类 文学学士 获硕士学位单位 大连海事大学 通信地址 辽宁省大连市凌海路 1 号 邮政编码 116026 电子邮箱 finalioriyahoo. com. cn 53 /