2022年SAT核心语法总结 .docx

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1、SAT 核心语法精辟总结SAT核心语法精辟总结Identifying Sentence Errors一、主谓一样1. 就前原就(1) N1 of N2 verb （SAT考试中动词的单复数与N1 有关,与 N2 无关） 如：the details of the problem are incredible例： The bright A fiberglass sculptures of Luis Jimenez has received B critical acclaim not only C in his home state, New Mexico, but also in D New Y

2、ork.No error E.P161.1(2) 名词 1+介词 +名词 2如： The students who are studying in the classroom are clean.名词,插入语, verb名词+doing/done如： Students studying hard on monkey is intelligent.例： Flints found in A the region extending from the Nile Valley to B the highlands of eastern Iraq attests to C the presence of

3、 people there as long ago as D one hundred thousand years. No error E.P166.32. “欲擒故纵”法动词单复数做题基本原就是就前原就,假如句子太长、太难、太复杂时,用“欲擒故纵”法；3. 动词单复数的特别固定用法(1) a number of一些；一般情形下其后动词用复数,（不受任何规律限制） ；the number of, 的数量；其后的动词在任何情形下都用单数；量词考点： a group/list/line of使用“就前原就”(2) 倒装结构：就后原就；如： here comes the busa. 地点状语 +动词

4、 +主语b. Only 置于句首的倒装例： a In the foothills of that large mountain range is A the sources of a river whose courseB was not fully mapped C until D this century. No error E.P 776.19例： b Air pollution caused by industrial fumes has been studied A for years, but B only recently has C the harmful effects of

5、 noise pollution become D known. No error E.P167.64. 名词集合名词： family, group, stuff, team, community,只要这些词以单数结尾,后面的谓语动词都用单数；people, cattle, police：其后的谓语动词用复数以 s 结尾的词： means, species, news以 cs 结尾的词： physics, mathematics ,不表示复数,是单数；以 us 结尾的词： octopus （章鱼） , platypus （鸭嘴兽） , -saurus（恐龙） 考点：名词的单复数二、平行结构（

6、1）名词,名词, and 名词例： Each time Caroline turns on her computer , she has A to enter a company code, then her initials, and then enters a password B before C she can begin working D. No error E. P166.2例：Of the hundreds of warm-water coral species, only a few A are highly prized B for usein jewelry becaus

7、e of their C beauty, luster, and they are hard D. No error E.（ 2）两者之间的平行如： not only ,but also , neither ,nor either ,or ,and/but .例：The labor union is negotiating A a contract with the hospital that B will satisfy C the demands of the workers and be acceptable to D all levels of management. No error

8、 E. P601.13（ 3）句子的平行考点：同类比较特点： -er, more, than, as, like, unlike, compare to/with.如： The population of China is larger than that of America.全部格和全部格之间比较时, 其次个全部格是不能省略的, 需要补充 that of/those of/s；三、形容词和副词adj. + n. / pron. adv. + v. / adj. / adv.如： I find the book easy.I find the book easily.例： Although

9、canoeing through A the rapids was exciting, it was B also exhausting, andwe were happy for a time to have the canoe float serene Cdown D a smooth stretch of the river. No error E.P838.12笔记： serene 安静的； serenely 安静地如：快速的进展中的国家rapidly developing country例： The research study reveals A startling proof o

10、f a constant B changing seafloor that comprises C the major part of D the underwater landscape. No error E. P602.29例：Just how A critical an improved balance of trade is to B a healthy economy has neverbeen C more clearer D than it is now. No error E. （ P659.18） 四、规律主语（ 1）Doing/done, SVO.如： Beaten bl

11、ack and blue, Kitty is crying. Beating black and blue, Kitty is crying.例： Contrasting with A most other B fifteenth- century rulers, Portuguese Kings couldcount on C the support of the aristocracy in any D overseas ventures. No error E例： Raised in a large and noisy city, it was only when I went away

12、 to college that I realized how delightful life in a small town could be.（ P955.11）(A) it was only when I went away to college that I realized how delightful life in a small town could be(B) when I went away to college I then realized how delightful life in a small town could be(C) going away to col

13、lege made me realize how delightful life in a small town could be(D) I did not realize how delightful life in a small town could be until I went away to college(E) delightful life in a small town was unrealized by me until I went away to college例： While working as a nurse in the streets of Calcutta,

14、 that was when Mother Teresa developed a profound love for the poor.（ P892.1）(A) that was when Mother Teresa developed a profound love for the poor(B) Mother Teresa developed a profound love for the poor(C) then the development of Mother Teresa s profound love for the poor took place(D) Mother Teres

15、a s profound love for the poor developed(E) a profound love for the poor developed in Mother Teresa例： Having thought the problem through with some care, that the committee did not understand her solution frustrated the chairperson extremely.（ P599.5）(A) that the committee did not understand her solu

16、tion frustrated the chairperson extremely(B) the chairperson s extremely frustration resulted from the committee not understandingher solution(C) the chairperson s frustration at the committee s failing to understand her solution was extreme(D) the chairperson was extremelyfrustrated by the committe

17、e s failure to understand her solution(E) the committee s failing to understand her solution was an extreme frustration to the chairpersonwhile/when/by/on/through Doing/done, SVO.例： By simply entering an Internet website or calling a toll-free number, a catalog order canbe placed for almost anything

18、 from cheesecakes to fully equipped desktop computers.（ P616.12）(A) a catalog order can be placed(B) by placing a catalog order(C) they will place your catalog order(D) you can place a catalog order(E) your catalog order can be placed例： Indicating their desire to extend free enterprise,Canadians ele

19、cted a member of the Progressive Conservative Party, Kim Campbell, as Prime Minister in 1993.（ P493.13）(A) Canadians elected a member of the Progressive Conservative Party, Kim Campbell, as Prime Minister(B) Canadians election of a member of the Progressive Conservative Party as PrimeMinister was Ki

20、m Campbell(C) Kim Campbell of the Progressive Conservative Party was elected Prime Minister of Canada(D) the Progressive Conservative Party s Kim Campbell was elected Prime Minister ofCanadians(E) a member of the Progressive Conservative Party, Kim Campbell, was elected by Canadians as Prime Ministe

21、r例： Though now one of the most famous abstract artists, critics once ridiculed JacksonPollock for his technique of splattering paint on canvases.（P532.8）(A) critics once ridiculed Jackson Pollock(B) critics once were ridiculing Jackson Pollock(C) Jackson Pollock once ridiculed by critics(D) Jackson

22、Pollock was once ridiculed by critics(E) Jackson Pollock, having once been ridiculed by critics（ 2）SVO,doing/done,. S 与分词SVOdoing/done,. O 与分词如： The boys are watching a galaxy of beauties passing by, slobbering.例： During A my most recent B trip, I came across C a wonderful antique store wandering D

23、in the old quarter of the city. No error E.P533.16五、代词代词肯定要准确地指明详细对象；（ 1）单复数例： The starling is such a A pest in rural areas that it has become B necessary to find ways C of controlling the growth of their D population. No error E（ P167.8）（ 2）主格,宾格主格： I, we, they宾格： me, us, him , her区分：做主格的一般显现在句首,做宾

24、格的一般显现在动词、介词后；宾语：动词宾语、介词宾语；例： The report Alexander is discussing A, a report prepared jointly by he B and the committee, does not take into account C the socioeconomic status of those interviewed D. No error E（ P602.21）例： Apparently impressed with A our plans, the foundation awarded Carlos and I B a

25、grant to establish C a network of community centers throughout D the city. No error E（P602.26）例： For we A students, concern about impending B tuition hikes was even more acute than C apprehension about D final exams. No error E（ P721.27）（ 3）one , you 不能相互指代one 与 he/she 对应； ones 与 they 对应例： For peopl

26、e in A many ancient societies, work was only a means of B survival rather than C a way to improve your D standard of living. No error E（ P838.19）（ 4）this 划线（ 5）which, who, whom, that考点： which 不能指代人, who, whom 不能指代物；例： Candy manufacturers applauded the discovery by A researchers that students whichB

27、smell chocolate while studying and again while taking C a test are able to D recall more material than students not exposed to the odor of chocolate. No error E（P894.15）例： In a world that A the rate of technological and social change accelerates frighteninglyB , change itself C often seems to be the

28、 only constant D. No error E（ P957.21） Where, in which 的区分：介词 +which 的用法 where六、时态（ 1）现在类一般现在时,现在完成时,现在进行时,现在将来时；（ 2）过去类一般过去时,过去完成时,过去进行时,过去将来时；例： Jerome often referred to A art history textbook while he B was sculpting; whenever he learned a new method in art class , he seeks out C the work of scul

29、ptors who had used it D in the past. No error E （ P409.15）例：Some of the workers who resent A the supervisors authority would probably B feeluncomfortable if C they were to acquire the independence that they demand D . No error E（P839.22）（ 3）不规章动词的过去分词例：Although born in the Midwest, Langston Hughes l

30、ived most of his adult life in Harlem, in New York City, where A, like B other writers in the 1930 s, he had wrote C some of his finest(D) works. No error E （ P894.12）七、介词（ 1）基础介词的搭配（ 2）把介词的固定用法出得很长（ 3）常考的点：有才能去做 be able to have ability tobe capable of doingpreoccupation with总结归纳：（ 1）动词划线：时态、单复数；（ 2

31、）代词；（ 3）平行结构；（ 4）形容词和副词；（ 5）名词；（ 6）规律主语；（ 7）介词；易错点：时态、固定用法、5E 选项；作业： OG 上全部的挑错题,并且分类总结；八 Improving Sentences1. 简洁原就because 比 because of,aware of , considering ；主动被动； 直接间接； 动词 名词；例： Anita liked to watch television, of which she found the science programs especiallyfascinating.A television, of which s

32、he found the science programs especially fascinating B. .television; she found the science programs especially fascinating(C) television, and it was especially the science programs that were of fascination(D) television; the fascination of the science programs especially(E) television, especially fa

33、scinating to her were the programs2. run on句型SVO, SVO两个句子相连： SVO, conjSVO或者 SVO； SVO副词和介词不能连接两个句子：SVO, adv SVO或者 SVO, prep SVOadv：以 ly 结尾的词；词根判定法；however, thus, hence, then, also, even练习： SVO, thus SVO.SVO, however SVO. SVO, but SVO.SVO, although SVO. SVO; therefore SVO. SVO; but SVO.SVO; though SVO

34、.例： Since some A people are convinced that B dowsing, a method of finding underground water with a Y-shaped stick, is effective, but others condemn the procedure as C mere superstition D . No errorE （ P602.24）Many students work after school and on weekends, consequently they do not have much time fo

35、r doing their homework.A, weekends, consequently they do not have B, weekends, they do not haveC, weekends, as a consequence they do not have D, weekends, therefore they do not haveE, weekends; consequently, they do not have3. 规律主语 Logic subject doing/done , SVO. adj./adv., SVO4. having, being自杀词：在句

36、子中充当时态的组成部分；正确：放在句首大写；例： Having been a victim of malicious rumors, Helen purposely avoided gossips.（ P954. 3）(A) Having been a victim of malicious rumors(B) Her being a victim of malicious rumors(C) Her having been victimized by malicious rumors(D) Because being a victim of malicious rumors(E) Becau

37、se having been a victim of malicious rumors5. 时态 tense6. 单复数 singular & plural5、6 经常合在一起考,从动词开头划线7. 平行结构 parallel structure doing, doing, and doing /名词,名词, and 名词 两者之间的平行例： Most drivers know not only that excessive speeding on highways wastes gasoline, but also that it is dangerous.（ P678.13）(A) kno

38、w not only that excessive speeding on highways wastes(B) know that excessive speeding on highways could be wasteful of(C) are knowledgeable that excessive speeding on highways not only wastes(D) have known that excessive speeding on highways wastes not only(E) know that excessive speeding on highway

39、s not only by itself can waste 同类相比较8. 固定用法so that , just as,so, had hardly ,when, no sooner ,than , not ,any more ,例：The new regulations have so complicated the process of formulating a school budget to where no one on the Board of Education is eager to undertake the task.（ P430.6）(A) budget to whe

40、re(B) budget, therefore(C) budget, even(D) budget as E. budget that例： Just as Ireland has produced many famous writers and the Netherlands on abundanceof famous painters, so Finland has provided a large number of famous architects.（ P775.10） A. so Finland has provided a large number of famous archit

41、ects(B) Finland provides famous architects, and by large numbers(C) Finland s contribution is to provided famous architects in a large number(D) and so then, for Finland, a large number of famous architects is provided(E) and like them Finland has provided a large number of famous architects例： No so

42、oner had Andrea del Sarto traveled to France to work for the French king but his wife persuaded him to return to Italy.（ P676.4）(A) but his wife persuaded him to return(B) but his wife had him persuaded into returning(C) than he was persuaded by his wife that he will return(D) but he was persuaded b

43、y his wife into returning(E) .than his wife persuaded him to return例： Chaplin will not be remembered for espousing radical causes any more than they will remember Wayne for endorsing conservative political candidates.（ P677.6）A. any more than they will remember Wayne(B) as will Wayne not be remember

44、ed(C) any more than Wayne will been remember(D) just as they will not remember Wayne(E) no more than Wayne will be remembered9. 双主语N SVO / N, SVO / N, S, VO；例：The Basque language, possibly one of Europe s oldest, whose origins are hotly debated.（P863.10）(A) The Basque language, possibly one of Europ

45、e s oldest, whose origins are hotly debated.(B) The Basque language, possibly one of Europe s oldest, its origins are hotly debated.(C) Possibly one of Europe s oldest languages, the origins of Basque are hotly debated.D. The origins of the Basque language, possibly one of Europe s oldest, are hotly

46、 debated.E Basque is hotly debated as a language whose origins are possibly Europe s oldest.10. 同位语优先主语, , , VO1. The comet has recently changed direction toward Jupiter, which is leading scientists to wonder about the composition of the object.(A) which is leading scientists to wonder about(B) this development leading scientists to wonder about(C) and with it scientists wonder ofD. a development leading scientists to wonder aboutE this leading scientists to wonder on2. The rare-earth metal dysprosium, being a member of the lanthanide series, and is in group IIIb of the period