2022年人教版八级英语上册第一单元知识点总结 .docx

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1、人教版八年级英语上册第一单元学问点总结课题Unit1Where did you go on vacation ？课型 预习课同步课复习课 习题课授课日期准时段2022 年 11月 12日教 学 目 的四会短语的把握不定代词的用法单词与词组的解析7学问理想将来第页 共 6 页重 难 点短语的记忆方法学习教学内容Unit1Where did you go on vacation.一、书本重要语法点梳理go on vacation去度假stay at home待在家里go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to su

2、mmer camp去参观夏令营quite a few 相当多study for 为而学习go out 出去most of the time大部分时间taste good尝起来很好吃have a good time玩得兴奋of course 当然feel like 给的感觉；感受到go shopping去购物in the past在过去walk around 四处走走because of由于one bowl of 一碗the next day其次天drink tea 喝茶find out 找出；查明go on 连续take photos照相something important 重要事up an

3、d down上上下下come up 出来buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth为.taste + adj. 尝起来look+adj. 看起来 nothingbut+动词原形除了之外什么都没有 seem+（ to be）+ adj.看起来arrive in+ 大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地某人买某物decide to do sth决.定去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事forget doing sth.遗忘做过某事forget to do sth.遗忘做某事enjoy doing sth.喜爱做某事want

4、 to do sth.想去做某事start doing sth.开头做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜爱做某事keep doing sth.连续做某事Why not do. sth.为什么不做呢？ so+adj.+that+从句如此以至于tell sb. not to do sth. 告知某人（不要）做某事have a good time玩得兴奋 =enjoy oneself=have great fun1. on vacation 度假vacation 意为“假期、假日”,相当于 holiday,但 vacation 表示长的假期；如：

5、 the long vacation 长假the summer vacation 暑假the Christmas vacation 圣诞假期而 holiday（特别美国）指“假日；休息日；休假” ；on vacation = on holiday 意为“度假”2. anything interesting 一些好玩东西1） something,anything,nothing,everything 是指物的不定代词；somebody,someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, everybody, everyone 是指人的不定代词； somewhere, anywhe

6、re, nowhere,everywhere 是指地点不定代词；2） 当形容词修饰 something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,放在这些词的后面；3） 这些不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数；如： Is everybody here. 大家都到齐了吗？4） something,somebody,someone, somewhere 用于确定句及表示恳求或建议的疑问句中,而 anything, anybody, anyone, anywhere 用于否定句及疑问句中；如： Did you do anything interesting. 你

7、做了好玩的事吗？（表疑问）Why don t you visit someone with me. 你为什么不跟我一起去拜望下某个人呢？（表建议）含 some-的一般用于确定句, 也用于表示恳求邀请的疑问句或估计是确定回答的疑问句；I have something to ask you.我有事情要问你；Are you expecting someone this afternoon. 今日下午你是不是等什么人？no one 与 noneno one 只能指人 ,且不能与 of 搭配, no one 做主语时,只能是单数；none 为不定代词,意为 “什么也没有 ”,既可指人,也可指物, non

8、e 在句中不能单独作主语,但可同 of 连用带名词一起作主语 , 做主语时谓语用单复数都可；考例： They were all very tired, butof them took a rest.A. noneB. allC. bothD. either其它复合不定代词可单独作主语,但不能同of 连用；错： He is new here, so none knows him.对： He is new here, so no one knows him.错： Nobody of them has been to England before.对： None of them has been t

9、o England before.3. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth如： My parents often buy some books for me. = My parents often buy me some books.我父母常常给我买书；4. 提建议的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.如： What/ How about going shopping.Why dont you +do sth. 如： Why dont you go shopping.Why not + do sth. .如： Why not go shoppi

10、ng.Let sd+o sth.如： Let s go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth.如： Shall we/ I go shopping.5. long time no see 好久不见6. quite a few 相当多a few 与 a little 的区分, few 与 little的区分 a few 一些修饰可数名词a little 一些修饰不行数名词两者都表确定意义如： He has a few friends.他有一些伴侣；There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖； few少数的修饰可数名词litt

11、le少数的修饰不行数名词但两者都表否定意义如： He has few friends.他没有几个伴侣；There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖；7. most of 的大多数如： most of the time 大多数时间8. Still no one seemed to be bored.仍旧没有人感到郁闷；1） seem意为“似乎；似乎；看来” ,是个连系动词,构成的短语有：seem to do sth. 似乎做某事如： They seem to talk in class. 他们似乎上课说话；seem（to be） +adj. 似乎.

12、如： He seemed to be ill yesterday.昨天他似乎病了；It seems that + 从句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday.昨天他似乎病了；2） bored 作形容词,意为“郁闷的；厌倦的”其主语是某人；而 boring 也是形容词,其主语是某物；如：My parents ask me to do homework all day. I feel bored我.我感到很厌倦；父母成天叫我做作业,Doing homework all day is a little boring.成天做作业有点无聊；相类似的词语仍有：

13、interested adj. 感爱好的interesting adj. 好玩的surprised adj. 感到诧异的surprising adj. 诧异的tired 累的tiring 令人疲乏的excited 兴奋的exciting 令人兴奋 /兴奋的amazed 诧异的amazing 令人诧异的9. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive牢记： 相同点：都是“到达“的意思不同点： get to+地点 /reach+地点arrive at+小地点（车站等） /arrive in+ 大地点（国家等）留意：如他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等,就不需要加介词；ar

14、rive in+ 大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地当我们用介词 at 时,通常把后面所接的地方看成一个点,而当用in 时,就把后面所接地方看成是一个面（大范畴的面） ；所以 arrive at 后面一般接 : station, airport,destination 等表示小范畴的地点；例如：We arrived at the Shanghai Railway Station at 11:00 pm last night. When we arrived at Wuhan Airport, its midnight.arrive in 后面一般接国家,大城市之类表示大范畴的地点；

15、例如：When did you arrive in Beijing.It was the cold season when I arrived in Germany.10. enjoy doing sth . 喜爱做愿意做 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜爱踢足球；enjoy oneself过得开心 如： He enjoyed himself. 他过得很开心；跟它意思相近的词组仍有 have a good great time , have great fu；n11. decide 意为“打算”,是动词；它的名词形式为 decision；构成的短语有： dec

16、ide to do sth.decide on doing sth.make a decision to do sth.打算做某事打算不要做某事,要用decide not to do sth；.如： Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经打算去北京；12. nothing.but.意为“除 .之外； 只有”,如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我成天除了看电视什么也没干；13 . feel like 意为：“有什么感觉； 感受到”,后跟宾语从句； 另外,构成短语 feel like d

17、oing sth.意为“想做某事” ；如：I felt like I was a bird.我感觉我是一只鸟； I feel like eating.我想吃东西；14. because of , becaus：ebecause of + 名词/代词/名词性短语如： I had to move because of my job.由于工作缘由我得搬家；because + 从句如： I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是由于我喜爱；15. below 意为“在 .下面”,其反义词为 above,意为“在上面”16. bring sth.to +地点,意为“带来”,其反义

18、词是 take；如： Please bring your book to our school. 请把你的书带到我们学校来；Please take your book to your school.请把你的书带到你学校去；17.enough 足够形容词 enough如： beautiful enough足够美丽enough名词如： enough food 足够食物enough to足够去做如： I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京；She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了；18. so tha

19、t如此以致于引导结果状语从句, so 后面接形容词、副词 .that 后面跟从句；如： She was so sad that she couldnt say a她w悲o伤rd.得一句话也说不出来；19. taste good 尝起来很好吃； taste 系动词用法“尝起来” 后+形容词；其他表示状态的系动词有： feel（觉得） keep（保持） stay（保持） seem（似乎） look（看来像 ） smell（闻起来） sound（听起来 ）taste（尝起来 ）系动词与形容词连用I feel sick； 我感到难过； Keep quiet, please！ 请寂静下来！The wea

20、ther stays very ho；t天气特别热；He seems very cleve；r他似乎很聪慧；Jim looks like his father； 吉姆长得像他父亲；The fish smells terrible. 这鱼闻起来坏了；That sounds a good ide；a那听起来是个好想法；The soup tastes very deliciou；s 这汤尝起来特别香；20. I bought something for my parents, but nothing for myself.反身代词的用法myself, yourself, herself, himse

21、lf, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves词组： enjoy oneself, help oneself , learn by oneself21. too many, too much, much too1） too many 太“多”,后接可数名词复数 ； |课|标 |第 | 一| 网Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.2) too much“太多”,修饰不行数名词或修饰动词作状语；We have too much work to do.Don t talk too much.3) much too 太

22、,修饰形容词和副词The hat is much too big for me.You re walking much too fast.too much, much too, 用法区分看后头： much 后接不行数 , too 后修饰形或副；too many 要记住,后面名词必复数；22. forget to do sth.和 forget doing sth.1) forget to do sth 遗忘将要做的事Don t forget to close the window别.2) forget doing sth 遗忘做过某事忘了关窗户；I forget closing the win

23、dow. 我遗忘已经关上窗户了；23. stop doing sth.与 stop to do sth.1) stop to do sth. 停下手头的事去做另一件事I stopped to eat我. 停下来开头吃东西；2) stop doing sth. 停止做某事I stopped eating.我停止吃东西；语法重点：一般过去时的规章动词和不规章动词1）规章变化 直接加 ed,work-worked以 e 结尾直接加 d,live-lived辅音字母 +y 结尾,把 y 变 I,加 ed,study-studied重读闭音节,以辅音字母结尾的,双写末尾辅音字母,加ed,stop-sto

24、pped一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、常常性动作、行为；过去主语所具备才能和性格；基本结构：主语 +谓语动词过去式） +句子其他成分；主语 +was/were+形容词 /名词/介词短语 +过去时间；确定形式：主语 +动词过去式 +其他例句： She often came to help us in those days.否定形式：主语 +didnt +谓语动词原型 +其他 was/were+not；在行为动词前加 didnt,同时仍原行为动词例句： I didnt know you like coffee.一般疑问句： Did+ 主语+谓语动词原型 +其他？ Was/Were+主语+表语.例句： Did I do homework.常和表示过去时间状语连用, 例如：yesterday,last night,in+过去年份, two days ago, before, the age of,the day before yesterday等；