2022年人教版英语必修五第四单元知识点.docx

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1、精品学习资源U4 BX5 1. occupation n. job, profession Please state your name, age and . 用法： occupy v.Reading occupies takes up most of my free time. 阅读占去了我闲暇时间的大局部；The bathroom is occupied. 浴室有人在用；oneself in doing sth/with sth keep oneself busy doing sth/with sth忙着 做某事 ;忙于某事物 =be occupied in doing sth/with

2、sth.He s occupied in looking after/ with three small children. by occupationHe is a bus driver by occupation. 他的职业是公车司机profession-professional-professor by profession 就职业来说I don t know wthparofession would suit me.He is a lawyer by profession.For professional footballers, injures are an occupational

3、 hazard.suppose表示“推测；认为之意，相当于think 或 guess，常见用法有： 1后接宾语从句；如：John supposed that he could find some coins soon I dont suppose she will agree with us ，will she ？2. 后接名词或代词不定式不定式为to be 经常可省略 ；如：We all suppose himto bean expert in this field 3. 与 believe ， think ，guess， expect 等一样，后接 so 或 not，后面省略了宾语局部；如

4、：Will he come with us ？他会跟我们来吗？Yes， I suppose so我想会的；Will it rain tomorrow？明天会下雨吗？No ，I suppose not I dont suppose so我想不会；4. 与 believe，think ，guess，expect 一样，可构成复杂特别疑问句 特别疑问词 do you suppose宾语从句的其它局部 ；如：When do you suppose they will take the exam ？你认为他们什么时候考试？Who do you suppose turned up last night ？

5、你认为昨晚谁来过？5. suppose 或 supposing 放在句首，表条件，引导状语从句，相当于if 或 in case 等；如： Suppose Supposing the car breaks down， what shall we do ？ 万一车子抛锚，我们怎么办？Suppose Supposing they didnt believe it ， how should we try to persuade them ？ 6.suppose 宾语从句可用来表建议，意为“怎么样？或“何不？；如：Suppose we go for a picnic tomorrow 我们明天去野餐怎么

6、样？Suppose we put off the meeting 我们把会议推迟吧；7.be supposed to. 意为“应当；“被期望， 它可以用来表示劝说、 建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词should；欢迎下载精品学习资源e.g： Everyone is supposed to wear a seat-belt in the car. 每个人在汽车里都应当系平安带；Teachers are supposed to treat all the students alike. 老师应当对全部的同学一视同仁；be supposed to后面接 “ have + 过去分词时，或 was/w

7、ere +supposed to do 表示“本应当做某事而没做；如：You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now.现在你应当已经把作业交上来了；He is supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 他应当一小时前就到了；We were supposed to be here at 8.00, but we are late.3. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular local n

8、ewspaper.这里是倒装 Inversion,此句的正常句序是: Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment at the office of .留意 : 当一些否认词 ,如: never, little, hardly, scarcely, seldom, not, not only, no sooner than刚就放在句首时 ,句子局部倒装 , 即句序为 :否认词助动词主语谓语Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else can you find 你能找到 such

9、 a beautiful place.I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life had I felt我感到 so happy. Only+ 状语放在句首，局部倒装Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelchair. Only by seizing every minute can we finish it on time.Only then did we realize that the man was blind.Only when his dream co

10、mes true does she feel relieved. Only Mike has got the invitation.Only 修饰其他成分，如主语不引起倒装4. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin, was to strongly influence his life as a journalist. be to +动词原形 ,这里表示将来的时态 ,有注定的意味；His continuous effort is to make him a successful man. 注定You are to be back before 10p

11、m. 必需The letter is to be handed to him in person. 必需When are you to leave for home. 按方案或支配要做She is to be married next month. 按方案或支配要做You are to report to the police. 应当You are not to smoke in this room.=You are not supposed to smoke in this room.应当If we are to be there before ten, we ll have to go n

12、ow. 想，准备Such books are to be found in the library.可能性If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. 用于“ if were to do，表示虚拟语气was/ were to have done, 表示 “本准备、“本方案或“本应当做的事而没有做成或没有发生；We were to have told you, but you were not in.短语have a bad, good, beneficial, harmful, influence with

13、/ on对.有影响under the influence of在影响下欢迎下载精品学习资源5. But London has been influenced only by some invaders of England.但是伦敦仅受一些入侵者的影响；influence vt. & n.影响，感化 ,影响力The book had a great influence on his life.Under the influence of my friend, I bought a red coat.My t eacher s influence made me study science at

14、 college. He is a man of influence in the city.My teacher influenced my decision to study art. The weather influences crops.affect & influence意义相近affect一般指生理 /物质上的转变influence较多用于指感觉 /态度上的转变e.g. 1 Drinking can affect your ability to drive.2The TV advertisements have influenced my attitude towards dri

15、nking and driving.6. delightn.&v.开心，乐趣，欢乐 to ones delight令感到开心的是 take delight in sth /doing sth乐于 , 爱好delight sb. with sth.用某物使某人欢乐delight in喜爱 , 嗜好delightedadj. be delighted to doThe kids rushed down to the beach with/ indelight.欢乐地To my secret delight, Sarah announced that she was leaving.令某人暗自欢乐

16、Tom takes great delight in making fun of his sister.= delights in喜爱 以为乐趣The teacher delighted us with his humor.There are so many delights in travels.1) I took delight _ in _ books.2) _ To _ his delight, he passed the driving test.3) She delights _ in _being surrounded by admirers.Fill in the blanks

17、 with in /to:7. go out on a story/ cover a story.1. She was sent to cover the event. 报道，采访2. The road was covered with snow.掩盖 3. She laughed to cover her worry.遮盖4). The red army covered about 30 miles a day.走完多少里路5). Is the money enough to cover the cost of a new shirt. 钱够支付6). His lecture covered

18、 the subject thoroughly.v. 包括 , 涉及8. Wait till you are more experienced.等你积存一些体会了才行.experiencedadj. 有体会的 ,娴熟的 ,有 学问体会丰富的常与介词in 或 at 连用An experienced doctor欢迎下载精品学习资源He is experienced in/at bargaining. CN经受 ,经受的事情UN体会 ,体验That was an unpleasant experience.He hadn t enough experience for the job.2 n. e

19、xperience1) v. 经受 ,体验Our country has experienced great changes.9. eager-eagerlyadv. 希望地， 热切地be eager for /about sth.希望，很想be eager to do sth.希望做某事Students are eager for new knowledge.同学们希望学问I am eager about progress. 我希望进步She is eager to visit her boss. 她急于去看她的老板eagernessn.热切,希望10. assist vt./vi. 救济，

20、帮忙； assistance n.assistant n.assist sb to do sth =assist sb in doingassist sb with sth. = help sb with sth 帮某人做某事e.g These measures were designed to assist people with disabilities. You will be required to assist him in preparing a report.This program assists young people to find work. 11.concentrat

21、ev. 集中，集合concentrationn. 集中，集合concentrate on/upon sth 用心致志做某事She couldnt concentrate on a book very long. 她不能长时间用心读一本书；同义短语： fix / focus / center one s attention on=put one s heart in=tobe absorbed in=be buried in=be devoted to12. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course

22、 at university to update my skills.Not only but also 引导的并列句 , 如 not only 位于句首 , not only所在句倒装；Not only will I go, but also I will take my parents there.不仅我自己会去， 我仍会带我的父母去13. acquire通过不断的学习，询问渐渐获得学问，技术；1. 取得 ,获得 The museum has just acquired a famous painting by Pablo Picasso. Gradually we acquiredexp

23、erience in how to do the work.2. 学到 ,把握She has mastered English grammar and acquired a large vocabulary without the help of a teacher.辨析：get 为获得的最一般用语obtain 表示经过很长时间或经过很大的努力而获得期望已久得东西；gain 表付出更大的努力才能获得，译为赢得；欢迎下载精品学习资源14. have a nose for 对很敏锐 ;很善于发觉此类形象表达法仍有：She has an ear for music. 对有观赏才能She has an

24、 eye for color and style in clothes.对有眼光欢迎下载精品学习资源Don t poke your nose into other people管闲s事bu，si插ne手ss与.己无关的事欢迎下载精品学习资源George turned his nose up at classical music. 对不屑一顾，看不起Tell us what happened. We are all ears. 正在听着，洗耳恭听He turned a deaf ear to what I said.对听不进去Don t tell him anything. He has a b

25、ig mouth. 嘴不严15.inform vt.告知，通知inform sb of /about sth tell sb inform sb thateg:1Did you inform them of the progress of the work.你把工作进程告知他们了吗？2) We ll keep you informed of /about what happens.我们将随时向你报告情形；16. meanwhileadv =meantime = in the meantime /meanwhile= at the same time 同时My mother went shopp

26、ing. Meanwhile, I cleaned the house.妈妈去购物，与此同时，我清扫房间；17. depend on/upon +wh- 从句视 .而定 ,取决于depend on/ upon+ n 依靠 ,依靠, 确坚信depend on/upon+sb.+to do 盼望某人做 depend on/upon +it +that . 盼望 .That all depends./ it all depends. 口语视情形而定，单独使用或置于句首；汉译英：1、You can t depend on your parents foreve你r. 不能永久依靠你的父母；2、You

27、can t depend on him to come on time你. 不能盼望他能按时来；3、You may depend on it that he will come.你可信任他会来；4、I may help you. But that/ it depends.我能帮你，但那要看情形而定；5、Whether you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work.你能否通过考试取决于你有多努力；18. case n. 事实例,情形；情 状况;案件，诉讼eg:1.This is a common case where the word ca

28、n be used.这是这个单词运用的常用例子；2.The case he was looking into two years ago was settled at last.两年前他调查的案件最终结案了；-in case假使；免得，以防,以防万一 引导状语从句，从句谓语用一般现在时，不用将来时态 in case of . 假使 ,假如发生in any case 无论如何，不管怎样in no case 无论如何不 ,在任何情形下决不 置于句首时，句子采纳倒装语序 in the case of . 就来说，至于in this/that case 既然这 /那样，假使这 /那样eg:1I wil

29、l stay at home all day long in case he calls me. 我将一成天呆在家里，以防他给我打；欢迎下载精品学习资源2) In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 如遇火警，就按警铃；3) In no case will I give in to difficulty.我绝不会向困难低头4) You have finished, haven t you. In that case, you may go. 19.accuse vt. 指责，声讨；控告accuse sb. of sth.指控某人做某事 = charge sb.

30、 with sth. 指责某人做某事eg:1The police accused him of theft. 警察控告他偷窃；2He was accused of murder. 他被控谋杀；归纳总结：remind sb. of sth.提示某人某事 /使某人想起某事warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事suspect sb.of sth. 疑心某人某事inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事cure sb. of sth. 治好某人 rob sb. of sth. 抢了某人20. Have you ever had a case where somebody accused

31、your reporters of getting the wrong end of the stick？get the wrong end of the stick完全误会，弄错He got heldof the wrong end of the stick他完全搞错了；21. so as to do sth. “为了 不能用在句首= in order to do sth.可放句子中任何位置=so that +从句= in order that + 从句句型转换 : I got up at five so as to catch the train= I got up at five in

32、order to catch the train.=I got up at five so that I could catch the train.我买了些牛肉和蔬菜，为的是给晚饭做个汤：I bought some beef and vegetables so as to make a soup for dinner.I bought some beef and vegetablesin order to make a soup for dinnerI bought some beef and vegetablesso that I could make a soup for dinnerI

33、 bought some beef and vegetables in order that I could make a soup for dinner 22.deny vt.1. 否认 ,否认 +v-ing+thatThere is no denying that. 事实不行否认 .I do not deny that is a serious blow. 我不否认那是严峻的一击；2. deny doing=deny having doneHe denied having seen these watches before.他否认曾经见过这些手表；He didnt deny the fac

34、ts. 他不否认事实；3. 拒绝赐予 ; 拒绝.的要求Women were denied the right tovote then. 那时妇女被拒给选举权；23.scepticalbe sceptical of about his abilitydemand 用作名词，有以下两个用法： 表示“要求：They rejected the union demand.他们拒绝了工会的要求；Aren t those all reasonable demands这. 些莫非不都是合理要求吗.欢迎下载精品学习资源表示“需求：The supply of apples exceeds the demand t

35、his year. 今年的苹果供大于求；There is a great demand for typists.需要大量的打字员；These goods are in good demand. 这些货物销量很大；There is a great demand for these goods. 对这些货物的需求量很大；She is in great demand as a singer.作为歌后很受欢送；meet/satisfy the demand 满意需求2. 用作动词，意为“要求、 “需求，通常为及物动词，其宾语可以是名词、不定式、that从句 从句谓语通常为虚拟的；如：名词 或代词 ：

36、The workers also demanded higher wages. 工人们仍要求提高工资；不定式： She demanded to see the editors. 她要求见编辑；He demanded to be told everything. 他要求把一切都告知他；从句： I demand that John should go there at once.我要求约翰立刻到那里去；They demanded that the right to vote be given to every adult man.他们要求每个成年人都应有选举权；比拟同义句：He demanaded

37、 an immediate answer.He demanded to get an immediate answer. 他要求立刻得到答复；He demanded to be told everything. He demanded that he should be told everything.他要求把一切都告知他；【注】 demand 可后接不定式，但通常不接不定式的复合结构，假设意义上需要这类结构， 可换成 that 从句或在 demand 后接 of ；如：他要求她同我们一起去；误： He demanded her to go with us.正： He demanded tha

38、t she should go with us.正： He demanded of her to go with us.3. 表示“向某人要求某物，可用demand sth of from sb ；如：He demanded an apology from the boss. 他要求老板愧疚thoroughadj. 完全的 ,详尽的 ,完全的 ,周密的 ,人 非常认真的eg:1 a thorough knowledge ofthe subject 对这一学科透彻的明白2) The film was a thorough success. 这部电影获得极大的胜利3) You must promi

39、se me to take a thorough rest.你得容许让我好好休息一下；4) She is not brilliant, but she is thorough.她并非才华横溢，但很细心；-thoroughlyadv.极其完全，完全thoroughnessn. 深化，完全15.ahead of . 时间，空间 在 前面；早于；领先eg:1Three boys were ahead of us.有三个小伙子在我们前面；2) I finished the work several days ahead of the deadline. 我在最终期限的前几天完成了工作3) She wa

40、s always well ahead of the rest of the class. 她总是遥遥领先班上的同学；ahead of timesenior adj. 年长的，高年级的；高级的eg:1Many of them are published for senior high school students. 很多报纸是为高中生出版的；2) Senior people can visit the place free of charge. 年纪大的人可以免费浏览这个地方；欢迎下载精品学习资源3) Only one manager is senior to me now. 只有一个经理比

41、我职位高；4Jill will be a senior this year.吉尔今年毕业；set to workset to doing sth. = get down to doing sth.set out to do sth. / set about doing sth pay attention to to 是介词 look forward todevote to be/get used to. lead tostick toobject tocontribute toaccurate inaccurate adj. / accuracy n. 1That was the accura

42、te report on the affair. 2Is your watch accurate .3He is accurate in his judgement / at figures. Polish v. / n.1You had better ask your teacher to polish your speech / article. 2You needn t polish the furniture every day.3) The furniture polishes well with a cloth.4) This is a table with a good poli

43、sh approve vt. 赞成；认可；批准; 通过eg:1She doesnt want to take her new boyfriend home in case her parents dont approve of him.她不愿把新男伴侣带回家，怕父母不同意；2) I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please dont neglect your studies.我同意你去挣些钱，可是请不要耽搁了功课；3) The course is approved by the Department for Education.

44、课程已获得训练部批准；-approval n.U 赞成，同意，批准，许可approvingadj. 赞成的，同意的Chief n./ adj.1) He is the chief of our team.2) The president is also a chief of the armed forces. 3He is the chief engineer of the project.4The chief reason for going to school is to learn. processvt./n.加工，处理，批阅；过程，程序，步骤eg:1Please process the

45、 film. 请把胶卷冲洗一下；2) It may take a few weeks for your application to be processed.批阅你的申请书或许要花几个星期的时间；3) Building a car is a long process. 制造一辆小汽车是一个很长的工序；4) Changes are in process. 变化正在发生；5) The house is in the process of repair.房子正在修理中；欢迎下载精品学习资源Processn. / adj. / v.1They are using a new process to m

46、ake glass. 2Teaching Alex how to ski is a painful process. 3The main street of Liusha is in the process of repair.=The main street of Liusha is in the course of repair.4Process foods are available in that store. 5How fast does the computer process the data . 6The soldiers are now processing in the street. be processed into7All the information was processed into film negatives.欢迎下载