2022年人教版英语八级下册单元知识点总结.docx

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1、精品文档Unit 1 whatsthe matter.1. What s the matter. 怎么了？名如是询问“某人怎么了 .”要用“ What s the matter with sb.”拓展： What s the matter with sb.的同义句：归师What s wrong with sb. / Whats the trouble with sb.纳中考再现： Hi, John.结总It s Lucy, my dog. Her leg is hurt.|A. How are youB. What s the matter|大C. Whos thatD. What s Luc

2、y like肚有,容2. 疾病类短语 :容. have a +疾病. e.g. :have a fever发烧 have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽学习. have a +身体部位 -ache. e.g.: have a headache头痛 have a toothache牙痛难困. have a sore+身体部位 . e.g.: have a sore throa咽t痛之事喉痛 have a sore back背,中考再现： Mom, I.学业I m sorry to hear that, dear. We must go to see the dentist r

3、ight away.成有A. have a headacheB. have a stomachache更,C. have a toothacheD. have a fever上一层3. lie down 躺下 V. 躺,平躺；现在分词是 lying. e.g.: Dont lie in bed all morning.楼拓展： lie 的词性和含义总结.V. 位于,坐落在； e.g.: Japan lies to the east of China.V. 撒谎, 说谎；lie to sb. 对某人撒谎； e.g.: Dont believe her because she always lie

4、s. N. 谎言； tell lies/a lie说谎； e.g.: You shouldnt tell lies to yourparents.4. if 引导的条件状语从句时,主将从现；中考再现：Stop smoking, Joe. Youyourself if you keep on doing it like that.A. will killB. have killedC. killD. killed5.see sb. doing sth.表示“看到某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行see sb. do sth.表示“看到某人做某事”,强调动作常常发生或看到某个动作发生的全过程留意含

5、义过去式过去分词躺,平躺位于,坐落在laylain撒谎,说谎liedliede.g.: We saw the boy playing computer games.精品文档第 1 页,共 34 页精品文档We often see the boy play computer games.We saw the boy lock the door and walk out of the room.When I walked through the playground, I saw my friendsfootball.A. playB. to playC. playingD. is playing

6、名归师6. get 短语纳get up 起来,起床get to=reach, arrive in/at到达get on 上车结总get off 下车 get into 陷入,参加get in 进入,到达get back 回来|get ready for. 为.做预备get on well with sb.和某人和谐相处|大肚有7. to ones surprise 令某人诧异的是； surprise 是名词,诧异,诧异；容,容8. have trouble/difficulty doing sth.做某事时遇到困难；学习I always have much troubleEnglish wor

7、ds. Can you give me some advice.难困A. to rememberB. rememberC. remembering之事,9. be used to doing sth.习惯做某事； e.g.: They are used to living in the big city.学业used to do sth.过去常常做某事； e.g.： He used to play football, but now he成有likes playing basketball., 更上10. take risks/a risk. 冒险； risk V. 冒险；一层11.run o

8、ut 用完,用完,主语通常是“时间,金钱,食物”等无生命的东西；楼e.g.： All the money ran out.run out of 用完,主语通常是人； e.g.：We have run out of our pocket money.12. off 短语： turn off 关闭,关掉 take off 起飞,脱掉put off 推迟,拖延get off 下车 give off 发出,散发set off 动身中考再现： We have tothe bike ride because of the bad weather.A. put offB. turn offC. take o

9、ffD. get off13. . important adj. 重要的 unimportant adj.不重要的 importancen. 重要性中考再现 From the showRunning Man, we can learn theof team spirit.make a decision=decide后接不定式,“做出打算,打算”I made a bigto stop doing my job for a few months.be in control of 掌管,掌握out of control 脱离掌握中考再现： The car was out ofand hit a tr

10、ee by the road.A. dangerB. breathC. controlD. practice14. .keep ondoing sth.连续做某事,坚持做某事；中考再现： He keptso that he could be in health.A. exerciseB. exercisingC. to exercise.give up“舍弃”代词放中间give up doing sth.舍弃做某事中考再现 :No matter how hard it is, dont . Things will be better in the精品文档第 2 页,共 34 页精品文档futu

11、re.A. give outB. give upC. give away名15. 重难点全解：情态动词 should should 的用法师作情态动词时,表责任和义务,意为“应当,应当”,可用于任何人称；归纳结总确定句主语+should+动词原形 +其他|否定句主语+should not/shouldnt+动原+其他大一般疑问句Should+主语+动原+其他.肚有特殊疑问句特殊疑问词 +should+主语+动词原形？容,近义表达： ought to /be supposed to do学容翻译：现在你应当戒烟了；习困难16. 易错易混全解之事学,too many表示“太多”,修饰可数名词的复数

12、有业too much表示“太多”,修饰不行数名词,成much too表示“太”,修饰形容词或副词更The meat is expensive and eating meat istngood for our health.上一A.too much, much tooB. too much, too much楼层C. much too, too muchD. much too, too manybecause是连词,“由于,由于”,引导缘由状语从句because of是介词短语,“由于,由于”,后跟名词、代词或动名词Millie made a few mistakes in the examhe

13、r carelessness.A.because B. so thatC. as a resultD. because ofdieV. “死,去世,逝世”deadadj. “死的,死亡的 ”deathn. “死,死亡 ”中考再现： Lei Fengfor many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us.A. diedB. has diedC. was deadD. has been dead精品文档第 13 页,共 34 页Unit 2I ll help to clean up the city parks.名1.hope to do st

14、h.期望做某事, 含 hope to do sth.的句子可以转换为宾语从句；师eg: I hope to pass the exam.=I hope that I can pass the exam.归纳agree to do sth.同意做某事结总decide to do sth.打算做某事|refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事大remember to do sth.记得做某事肚有forget to do sth.遗忘做某事容,try to do sth.尽力做某事学容want to do sth.想要做某事习困难2.“动词 +up”的短语小结：之事clean up打扫洁净 cut

15、 up 切碎 grow up 长大 set up熬夜 set up建立,设立学,stay up 熬夜 wake up 醒来,叫醒 take up 占用 give up 舍弃 use up 用完有业cheer up 使振作起来,使兴奋起来（代词必需放中间）put up 搭建,张贴成make up 组成,编造end up 最终成为,最终处于,更中考再现： Many volunteers will help tothe city parks next parks next一上Friday.A. give upB. pick upC. clean up层楼3. give out： 发出,放出（热,光等

16、）The sun gives out light and heat to the earth用完,耗尽 We had just reached home when the petrol gave out.公布,发表 The news of the event was given out over the radio.4. give 的短语： give away 捐赠,赠给give up 舍弃 give back 归仍give off 发出,放出 give in 让步,屈服 give sb. sth. =give sth. to s给b.某人某物5. put off doing sth推. 迟做

17、某事 e.g.: We cant put off making a plan.常见的 put 短语： put on 穿上,戴上 put out 熄灭,扑灭 put up 搭起,升起, 张贴 put up with 容忍 put away 收起来中考再现 :They heard the party wasbecause of the exam.6. come up with 提出,想出（答案,方案等）Hemany ideas to solve these problem already. 7.used to变否定句或疑问句常常借助助动词did.确定句主语 +used to+动词原形 .否定句主语

18、 +didnt use to+动词原形 .确定答语Yes,主语+did.一般疑问句否定答语No,主语+didnt.8. care 的延长 :派生词 :careful 当心的carefully 当心地 careless马虎的 carelessly马虎地短语：care for 照管,喜爱 care about 关怀,在意 take care 当心 take care of精品文档照管,照管9. such+ a/an+形容词 +名词=so+形容词 +a/an+名词 “如此”留意：当名词前有 many, much, few, little修饰时,要用 so,而不用 such.中考再现： We had

19、awful weather we couldnt finish the work on time.名师A. so, thatB. such, thatC. such an, that归纳结总10. -ing 是名词后缀； e.g.：reading 阅读 writing 写作 spelling拼写 swimming|游泳 skating 滑冰fishing钓鱼 smoking抽烟|大肚有11.be satisfied/pleased with.对. 中意 satisfactionn. 中意,满意容,容12.常见的“ take+介词/副词”短语：学习take down 写下,拆除 take off

20、 起飞,脱掉take out 取出,掏出take in 吸取难困take over 接管take away 带走 take up 占用 take back 收回事之中考再现： I my fathers wet shoes and washed his feet.,A. took outB. took offC. took place学业成有13.常见的“动词 +away”的短语： throw away 扔掉,丢弃 run away 逃跑更,get away 逃离 pass away 逝世 keep away 离开,使不接近take away 带走上go away离开 put away 收起来

21、give away 捐赠 stay away远离一层-What are you doing, Mum. -I m some old things for a yard sale.楼A. giving awayB. hurrying upC. cleaning outD. walking into一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时一般将来时现在完成时am/is/are +donewas/were +done am/is/are being +done will be +doneam/is/are going to be +donehave/has been +done14. be similar t

22、o 和.相像/类似 e.g.: His dress is similar to mine in color. 15.常考的不同时态的被动语态：中考再现： These model carsin China in 2022.A. are madeB. were madeC. makeD. made16. make it +adj.（ +for sb.+to do sth. 使某人做某事 .find it +adj. （ +for sb.+to do sth. 发觉 怎么样17. be excited about因.而兴奋不已e.g.: We were excited about the good

23、news. 同根词： excitev. 使兴奋,使兴奋 excitedadj.兴奋的,兴奋的（常用来修饰人） excitingadj.令人兴奋的,兴奋的 常用来修饰事或物） excitementn.兴奋,兴奋They areabout thenews.A. excited, excitedB. exciting, excitingC. exciting, excitedD. excited, exciting精品文档18. could的用法 :表建议,语气较委婉“可以” e.g.: You could help to clean the park.can 的过去式,表示过去具备的才能； e.g

24、.: She couldnt dress herself untilfive.名归师19.动词不定式的用法纳A.动词不定式的语法功能作主语作表语作宾语作宾语补足语作定语作状语To learn English well is very important.=It is very important to learnEnglish well.My job is to look after patients. We want to go swimming.She invited me to go to the concert.I have something important to tell yo

25、u.She got up early to catch the early bus.总结| 大肚有容, 容学习困难事之中考再现 :I was tired out, so I stopped the cara short rest.学,A. haveB. havingC. to haveD. had业有,成状语：状语是用于说明地点、时间、缘由、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、更方式和相伴状况等的一种句法成份 .一上状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词楼层或短语来担当 .其位置一般放在句末 ,但也可放在句首或句中 .1. 副词是一种用来修饰动词 ,形容词 ,副词或全句的词

26、 ,说明时间 ,地点,程度,方式等概念 .He speaks English very well.他英语说得特别好 . （ very 是程度副词 ,用来修饰well. very well 是修饰 speak的程度状语）2. 介词短语The boy was praised for his bravery.那个男孩由于他的英勇受到了夸奖 .（ for his bravery 在句中作缘由状语）3. 从句作状语If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. 假如我明天不忙 ,我将和你一起踢足球 .（If I am not busy

27、tomorrow 在句中作条件状语）4. 不定式在句子中可以作目的状语 .I come specially to see you我. 5.分词作状语特地来看你 . （to see you在句中充当目的状语）Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad tempe和r. 他妻子吵架后,他愤怒地地离家出走了 .（ having had a quarrel在句中作时间状语） Reminded not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager left for the airport in a

28、 hurry. （ reminded not to miss the flight at 15:20在句中作时间状语）由于时间关系 ,所附例句有限 ,期望你能对状语有一个概要的明白 .B.“特殊疑问词 +动词不定式”结构动词不定式可以用在疑问词 what, how, when, where, which等之后, 作主语, 宾语,表语等；精品文档e.g.: How to get there is a problem（. 作主语）I dont know what to say.作 宾语）The question is how to learn English well作. 表语）中考再现： -It

29、 s important for us to know all the subjects.-Yeah, group work is my favorite.名师A. how to studyB. when to studyC. which to studyD. what to study归纳结总C.含动词不定式的常用搭配|有些动词只能跟动词不定式作宾语plan, hope, agree, decide等；|大e.g.: We plan to go climbing.肚有My father agreed to take us to the museum.,容They decide to join

30、 the swimming club.容有些动词后要跟动词不定式作宾语补足语：学习困难want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事事之tell sb.to do sth.告知某人做某事学,encourage sb.to do sth.勉励某人做某事业warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事有成ask sb.to do sth.恳求某人做某事,更advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事一上中考再现 :层We advise parentstheir children at home alone in order to keep them away楼from dan

31、ger.A. leavingB. not to leaveC. leaveD. to leave20. repair, mend, fix 区分repair 意为 “修理”,修理的对象着重于破旧,毁坏或发生故障不能正常使用的物体； e.g. : When I got home, my brother was repairing his radio.mend 意为“修理”,修理的对象是一些琐碎的物品；如粘贴的小用具,玩具,要缝补的衣物等； e.g.： My kite is broken. Can you mend it？fix 意为“修理”,强调校准, 校正；e.g.: Hes outside

32、fixing the brakes in thecar.21. alone, lonely区分alone可以作形容词,副词,强调独自一人,没有同伴；作形容词时,在句中多用作表语或宾语补足语,不能作定语；lonely只能作形容词,意为“孤独的,孤寂的”带有肯定的感情颜色I was alone, but I did not feel lonely.中考再现 :She lives in a small village, but she didtnfeel .A. lonely, lonely B. alone, lonely C. lonely, alone 22.open, close, turn

33、 on, turn offopen close turn on turn off用于能直接打开或关上的东西,如：门,窗,盒子,书用于需要通过按钮,遥控或旋转才能打开的东西,如：电器（灯,电视,电脑）或水龙头tap精品文档23.bring, take, carry, fetchbring意为“带来”,指把某人或某物从别的地方带到说话人处take意为“带走 ”,指把某人或某物从说话人处带到别的地方carry一般指 “随身携带 ”,此外多用于汽车,火车的交通工具时,表“运载”名fetch表示“去取来”,口语中常用get,表示“去某地取某物,再回来”,表双向动作师纳归Unite3 Could you

34、please clean your room.总结1. “Could you please do sth.”. 的答语以下两种情形：|接受恳求时可以用 Yes, sure./Sure./Of course./Certainly./No problem./My肚大pleasure./Its my pleasure./With pleasure等. 来回答有拒绝恳求时可以用 Sorry./Sorry, I cant.等来回答, 仍可以用 I have to do sth.容,来说明缘由学容其否定句是 :“ Could you please not do sth”.习困难2. 有关“家务劳动”有关的

35、短语：之事take out the rubbish/trash倒垃圾fold ones clothes叠衣服学,sweep the floor扫地clean the room打扫房间有业make ones /the bed铺床do the dishes/wash the dishe洗s 餐具成,更3. throw down 扔下 throw at 扔向,掷向throw away 扔掉,丢弃一上中考再现： Recycling is good, so dotn bottles or newspapers.楼层A. find outB. hand inC. use upD. throw away4.

36、 the minute 表示“一 .就.”,相当于 as soon as.引 e.g.: Ill tell him the minute he gets there.导时间状语从句 5. 常见 time 的短语：all the time 始终,总是 at times 不时,有时 in time 准时 on time 按时for the first time 第一次 in no time 立刻,立刻at any time 随时at the same同时have a good/great/wonderful time玩的开心by the time到.的时候中考再现： -Hurry up. It s

37、 almost time for school.-Dont worry. We are sure to be at school .A. at timesB. on timeC. all the timeD. by the time中考再现： -Hurry up. It s almost time for school.-Dont worry. We are sure to be at school .A at timesB. on timeC. all the timeD. by the time6. as .as 表示“和 .一样”,之间要用形容词或副词的原级；e.g.: She is a

38、s tall as her elder brother.中考再现： Look. This house is asas that one.A. the most beautifulB. more beautifulC. beautiful否定结构是 not as/so as,表示“不如 .,比不上.”精品文档7. so, neither 引导的倒装句结构用法so+助动词 /be 动词/情态动词 +主语当前面表达的确定事实也适用于后者时名neither+助动词 /be 动词/情态动词 +主师语归当前面表达的否定事实也适用于后者时纳中考再现： -I don t understand the stor

39、y in the new unit. What about you, Bob.总结-. A. Neither I doB. Neither do IC. So do I|大8.in surprise 诧异地 e.g.: She looked at me in surprise.肚有容,9. 宾语从句要用陈述句语序； e.g.: She asked me why I liked cartoons.学容中考再现： -I d like to know .-Maybe in the forest.习A. whether we will go camping困难B. where we will go c

40、amping事之C. whether will we go camping学,D. where will we go camping业有成10. in order to “目的是,为了”,后跟动词原形； in order to do sth. 表示“为更,了做某事”,否定结构是 in order not to do sth.“为了不做某事 ”；一上so that, in order that 表示“目的是,为了”,用来引导目的状语从句,可以转层换为含 to, in order to 的句子；楼中考再现 :In orderfor the meeting, my sister forced her

41、self to get up early this morning.A. not to be lateB. not being lateC. to be lateD. being late11. provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb表. 示“给某人供应某物”； 中考再现： Parents oftentheir childrensome good advice.A. offer; withB. offer;/C. provide; withD. both B and C12. “动词 +on”的短语： depend on/upon 依靠,依靠,取决于

42、 ., 由 .打算get on 上车 turn on 打开 come on 快点,加油put on 穿上,上演call on 号召pass on 传递 concentrate on 用心,集中精力中考再现： -Mum, shall we go to the beach tomorrow.-Itthe weather.A. carries onB. lives onC. depends onD. holds on13. since 作连词,意味“由于,既然”,此时引导缘由状语从句,表示因果时语气没有 because剧烈；（介词）,自 以来,自从（副词）,从那以后,此后连词,既然, 由于,自以来H

43、e has eaten nothing since yesterday.I saw him in June, but we havent met since. He has been in the army since he left school.精品文档中考再现 : Iscared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.A. will beB. wasC. have beenD. would be14. take care of 表示“照管”,和 look after, care for 是同义表达；表示“好好照管某人”要用 take good care of sb. =look after sb.well.名师中考再现： In our daily life, we must learn to ourselves well at any time.Ist归纳as important as studying. A. deal withB. worry aboutC. look after总结|15. as a result 意为“结果,因此”|大eg.: He didnt study hard. , he failed his exam.肚有,容 fall 的短语