2022年八级上册英语外研版各模块知识点归纳总结-文档 .docx
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1、英语初二上册重点学问点讲解Module 1 How to learn English1. pair n. 相关的两个人,一对,一双,一副a pair of socks一双袜子 a pair of gloves 一副手套two pairs of trousers两条裤子e.g.A pair of teenage boys are watching a football game.两个青少年正在看足球赛;2. correct( 1) v. 改正,订正e.g.The teacher returned to her room tocorrect exercise books.老师回到房间去改练习本;C
2、orrect the spelling.订正拼写;( 2) adj. 正确的;恰当的e.g.correct pronunciation 正确发音Do you have thecorrect time? 你的表走得准吗?3. advice( 1) n.意思是“看法,建议”, 为不行数名词, 可用 some,much,a piece of, pieces of等修饰,不能说 an advice或 many/a few advices;( 2)表示“有关 , 的建议”时,用介词on,接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式;e.g.Lets ask for his advice on what to do
3、 next. 我们去征求一下他的看法下一步该怎么办; 常见搭配:take/follow one s advice接受某人的建议ask for advice征求看法accept/refuse one s advice接受(拒绝)某人的建议offer advice to sb.向某人供应建议拓展:advise vt建议常见搭配: advise sb. to do sth. advise that sb. should do sth.e.g.My teacher advisesme to leave now.老师建议我现在就离开;We advise measures(should)be takent
4、o stop pollution at once.我们建议立刻实行措施以阻挡污染;4. We should always speak English in class.我们应当总是在课堂上说英语;should 是情态动词,意思是“应当”;通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务;should/shouldn t do sth.e.g.He should work harder. 他应当更加努力;You should help your mother with the housework. 你们应当帮妈妈做家务;5. Lets try to speak English as much as possi
5、ble让. 我们一起尽可能地说英语;( 1)e.g.They are trying to study English well. 他们正努力学好英语; I am trying doing it in this way. 我正试着用这种方法做;We should try/do our best to helpthe people in trouble.我们应当尽最大努力帮忙困境中的人们;( 2)译为“尽量” 、“尽最大努力 (可能) ”,主要用于 as.as possible/one ca;ne.g.You should rest as much as possibl.e 你应当尽量多休息;I
6、have helped youas much as I can. Now it is up to you.我已尽我所能地帮忙你了;现在该看你自己了;6. Each time you will learn something new. I also advise you to talk about the films or songs with your friends.每次你将会学习一些新东西;我也建议你和伴侣们谈论电影或歌曲;time 的用法:(1) ) time 侧重指“时间”这一概念,或说明“时间”的量,time 用作不行数名词,前面可 much, little, a lot of, p
7、lenty of 等修饰;e.g.This savestime and allows farmers to grow an extra crop in each season.这节约了时间,使农夫能够在每个季节中多种点庄稼;(2) )当作“次数;倍数”讲时, time 是可数名词;e.g.I have been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次;(3) ) time 构成的短语:at a time一次, 每一次at one time曾经,一度at times /from time to time有时,有时all the time总是,始终in time准时,迟早o
8、n time准时(4) ) time 构成的句型: Its time for sb. to do sth./Its high time sb. did sth. 该是某人干 , 的时间了;e.g.Its time for children to go to bed. 是小孩睡觉的时候了;Its high time that we started. 我们该动身了; each time(每次),next time(下次),the first/last time(第一次 /最终一次 ,的时候)等词组引导的时间状语从句;e.g.The last time I went to China, I visi
9、ted Shanghai.我上次到中国时,游玩了上海;14I suggestyou write four or five words a day on pieces of paper and place them in your room.我建议你一天把四个或者五个单词写在纸上并且放在你的房间里;sugges,t的用法:做动词 ,表示“建议,提议”的意思, 对应的名词是 suggestion;suggeste.g.She suggestedan early start. 她建议早一点动身;I suggested his / him giving upthe foolish idea. 我建议他
10、舍弃那愚蠢的念头;She suggested thathe class meetingshould not be heldon Saturday.她建议班会不要在星期六举办;留意:当 suggest表示“示意,说明”的意思,它后面接宾语从句,谓语用真实的时态,而不用“ should+动词原形”;Module 2 My home town and my country 1It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120,000.它(剑桥)位于康河河畔,人口约为12 万;population n. 意思是“人口,居民”,它是一个集体名
11、词,它的用法有时较为特别, 所以很简洁用错; population 常与定冠词 the 连用,作主语用时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式;e.g.The world s population is increasing faster and faster.全世界的人口增长得越来越快; 当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时,谓语动词用复数形式;e.g.About seventy percent of thepopulation in China are farmers.中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农夫; 有时 population 可用作可数名词,其前可用不定冠词;e.g.China has
12、 a population ofabout 1.3 billion.=There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.中国大约有十三亿人口;表示人口的“多”或“少”,不用“much”或“little ”,而要用“large”或“small”;e.g.India hasa large population. 印度人口众多;Singapore hasa small population. 新加坡人口少; 询问某国、某地有多少人口时, 不用“ How much.?”,而用“How large.?”;在问详细人口时用“ What. ?”;e.g.
13、What is the population of Canada?= How large is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少? The population of Canada is about 29 million. 加拿大的人口大约有二千九百万;2It has a population of about seven and a halmf Cambridge.illion, so it is bigger and busier than它(伦敦)大约有 750 万人口,所以比剑桥更大更繁忙;( 1) million 是数词,意思是“百万”;它的用法
14、如下: 当与详细数字连用时,习惯上用单数,而且也不后接介词of;e.g.three million people 三百万人He was prepared to pay twomillion . 他情愿支付 200 万;但是,后面的名词有了the, these, those等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接的是us, them 这样的人称代词时,就此时必需用介词of;e.g.About three million of them have left there.他们当中约有三百万人离开了那儿;当不与详细数字连用, 而是表示不确定的泛指数时, 就不仅要用复数, 而且要后接介词 of,然后才能接名词;e
15、.g.A careless mistake cost the companymillions of pounds.一个马虎的错误使公司蒙受数百镑的缺失;拓展: 与 million 有相同用法的数词仍有: hundred(百) , thousand(千) , billion(十亿);本节课主要学习形容词的比较级的规章变化及用法;(1) )规章变化:类别构成方法原级比较级一般直接加 -erlong talllonger taller单音节词和少数双音节词不发音的 e 结尾时加-r辅音字母加 y 结尾时把 y 变 i,再加-er重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母时,双写最终的辅音字母,再加 -erl
16、atelarge easyhappy bighotlaterlarger easierhappier biggerhotter(2) )形容词比较级用法 表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级, 最明显的提示词是 than,其结构为“A ,+比较级+than+B”;e.g.Li Lei s room is bigger than mine李. 雷的房间比我的大;This mooncake is nicer than that one这. 块月饼比那块好吃; 有表示程度的副词 a little ,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still ,far,rather, any 等修
17、饰时,用形容词比较级;e.g.I feel even worse now.我现在觉得更难过了;It is much colder today than before今. 天比以前冷得多;比较级前面可以加上表示详细数量差别的结构,表示详细“大多少”,“小多少”,“长多少”,“短多少”等;e.g.I am two years older than he我. 比他大两岁;This building is 20 meters higher than that one这. 栋楼房比那栋高 20 米;表示“两者之间最 , 一个of the two”时,常用“ the+比较级”结构;e.g.Mary is
18、the taller of the twins.Mary 是双胞胎中的高个子;表示“越来越 , ”,用比较级重叠结构,即“比较级+and+比较级”,多音节词和部分双音节词时用“ more and more+形容词原级”;e.g.Its getting warmer and warmer in spring春. 每天气变得越来越温和;Our home town is becoming more and more beautifu我l. 们的家乡越来越美丽了Module 3 Sports节课进一步学习形容词和副词的比较级的规章变化和不规章变化(1) )规章变化:类别构成方法原级比较级多音节词和部分
19、双音节词在原级前加 morecarefulbeautiful在原级前加 lessimportantusefulmore carefulmore beautiful less importantless useful(2) )不规章变化:原级比较级good/well (身体好的)better many/muchmorebad/illworselittlelessfarfarther较远oldfurther进一步olderelder较年长的 (3) )形容词和副词比较级用法 表示两者进行比较时用比较级,最明显的提示词是than,其结构为“ A,+比较级+than+B”;e.g.The sun is
20、 bigger than the moon太. 阳比月亮更大;This painting is nicer than that one这. 幅绘画比那幅更美丽; 有表示程度的副词 a little ,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still ,far,rather, any 等修饰时,用比较级;e.g.I feel even better now.我现在觉得好多了;It is much cooler today than before今. 天比以前凉快得多; 比较级前面可以加上表示详细数量差别的结构,表示详细“大多少”,“小多少”,“长多少”,“短多少”等;e.g.T
21、his house is 10 meters higher than that one这. 栋楼房比那栋高 10 米; 表示“两者之间最 , 一个of the two”时,常用“ the+比较级”结构;e.g.Mary is the fatter of the twins.Mary 是双胞胎中较胖的; 表示“越来越 , ”,用比较级重叠结构,即“比较级+and+比较级”,多音节词和部分双音节词时用“ more and more+形容词原级”;e.g.Its getting warmer and warmer in spring春. 每天气变得越来越温和;Our city is becoming
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