2022年新人教版英语八级上各单元知识点大归纳.docx
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1、八年级上册英语各单元学问点大归纳Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation.【语法解析】不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词;用法留意:1. some 和 any +可数名/不行数名; some 多用于确定句, any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句 ;有些问句中用 some,不用 any, 问话者期望得到对方确定回答;2. 由 some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用第三单3. 不定代词如有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如:something interesting二、学问点:1. buy sth for
2、 ab./ buy sb. sth为某人买某物2. taste + adj.尝起来3. nothing.but + V.原形除了之外什么都没有4. seem + to be + adj看起来5. arrive in +大地方 / arrive at +小地方 到达某地6. decide to do sth.打算做某事7. try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth.喜爱做某事9. want to do sth.想去做某事10. start doing sth.开头做某事 =begin doing sth.11. sto
3、p doing sth.停止做某事 区分: stop to do sth.停下来去做某事12. dislike doing sth.不喜爱做某事14. so + adj + that +从句如此以至于16. tell sb. not to do sth.告知某人(不要) 做某事17. keep doing sth.连续做某事18. forget to do sth.遗忘去做某事 / forget doing sth遗忘做过某事词语辨析:1. take a photo/ take photos拍照quite a few+名词复数 “很多”2. seem形容词看起来 . You seem happ
4、y today.to do sth.似乎、似乎做某事I seem to have a coldIt seems +从句 似乎 . It seems that no one believe you. seem like. 似乎,似乎 .It seems like a good idea.3. arrive in +大地点,= get to= reach+地点名“到达.” arrive at +小地点(注:如后跟地点副词 here/there/home, 介词需省略, 如: arrive here; get home)4. feel like sth/ doing sth. 感觉像是 5. won
5、der “想知道 ”,+疑问词( who, what, why引导的从句;6. because of +名/ 代/V-ingBecause+从句,表示直接明确的缘由或理由;He cant take a walk because of the rain.I don t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.7. enough +名词“足够” 形容词/副词+enoughUnit2How often do you exercise.【语法解析】1. 频率副词 : always, usually, often, sometimes, never频率副词在
6、句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后;常用于一般现在时态中2. “次数”的表达方法一次 once, 两次 twice ,三次或三次以上用基数词 + times, threetimes, fivetimes,3、how often“多久一次”问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语;常见的 how 疑问词: 1)How soon 多久(以后) How soon will he be back.他多久能回来? He will be back in a month. 他一个月后能回来;2) how long “多久”,eg.How long did it take you to clean th
7、e house. 你打扫房子用了多久? It took me half an hour to clean the house.我打扫这房子用了半小时;3) How many+名复/How much+不行名“多少” 问数量(how much 仍可问价格)二、学问点:1. go to the movie去s3. surf the interne上t看电影2. look after = take care 照of 顾网4. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式5. go skate boardin去g 划板6. keep healthy=stay health保y持健康7. eating
8、 habits饮食习惯8. take more exercis做e9. the same as与什么相同10. be different from不同更多的运动11. once a mont一h 月一次12. twice a wee一k 周两次13.make a difference t对o 什么有影响14. most of the students=most student 15.shop=go shopping=dosome shopping 购 物 16. be good for对 什 么 有 益17. be bad fo对r 什么有害18. come home from scho放o学
9、l回家19 .of course = certainly = su当re然20. get good grade取s 得好成果21. keep/be in good hea保lth持健康22. take a vacation去度假【词语辨析】一、 maybe / may be1. The baby is cryingshe is hungry.2. The womana teacher .maybe 是副词,意为 “大致, 可能,或许 ”,一般用于句首; May be是情态动词,意为 “可能是 .,或许是 .,大致是 . ”.二、1)a few / few / a little / little
10、1. people can live to 100,butpeople can live to 150.2. There istime left, I don t catch the first bus.3. Could you give memilk.a few 少数的,几个,一些 a little 一点儿,少量 表示确定few 很少的,几乎没有的 little很少的,几乎没有的 表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不行数名词2)、hard / hardly1. The ground is tooto dig2. I canunderstand them.3. It s raining,the peop
11、le cango outside.hard 作形容词,意为 “困难的,艰苦的,硬的 ”;作副词,意为 “努力地,猛烈地”;Hardly意为“几乎不 ”;4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .as for.意. 思是 “至于;关于 ”, +名词、代词或动词的 -ing形式(即动名词);如: As for him,I never want to see him her至e.于他,我永久不期望在这里见到; As for the sto,ryyoud better not believe 关it. 于那故事, 你最好不要信任
12、;5. That sounds interesting.这是“主语+系动词 +表语”结构的简洁句; sound(听起来),look(看起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来),feel(觉得), seem(好象),grow(变得) ,get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语;如:It tastes good. 这味道好;The music sounds very swe这et.音乐听起来很入耳;The smoke grew heavier and heav烟ier雾. 变得越来越浓了;2. Be about(介词) “是关于 ”+名/代/V-ing 4.Here
13、be is+名单:Here is a photo of my family. “这是” are +名复:Here are some books. 5.findfound+that 从句:发觉 Eg:I found that most students go to school by bike. 6.percent名词,意为 “百分之 ”百分数用基数 + percent 不用复数形式 ,percent 做主语时,谓语动词的数要依据其后面的名词来确定e.g. 50 fifty percent百分之五十Fifty percent of the apples are bad.50%的苹果都坏了;Twe
14、nty percent of the meat is in the fridge.20%的肉都在冰箱7. not taall 意为“一点也不 ”. not 应放在 be 动词、情态动词或助动词之后;e.g. The story isn t interesting a那t a个ll.故事一点也没好玩;8. It is + adj. to do sth. 干某事是例如:It is interesting to play computer games.玩电脑很好玩;9. the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式e.g. The best way to learn English
15、 is through more practice10. take, spend, payIt takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费某人时间来做某事 ”;人sb. spend 时间/钱 on sth.“买某物花了钱” ;in doing“花费多少时间来做某事 ”;pay 的主语必需是人,而 “花钱买某物 ”为 pay for11. however 副词,意为 “然而,可是 ”,表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末Unit3 I m more outgoing than my sister.【语法解析】形容词比较级1. 形容词的原形就是原级, 2.比较级, 表示
16、较或更 3.最高级, 表示最.;2. 比 较 句 型 :A+be动 词 + 形 容 词 的 比 较 级 +than+B “A 比 B 更”(留意: A 与 B 必需是同级的,即必需是人与人,物与物进行 对比)副词比较级常用的句型结构:1. “A+ 实意动词 +副词比较级 + than + B”表示 “A 比 B”2. 比较 A ,B 两人/两事物问其中哪一个较 时用句型; “Who/which + 谓语动词 + adj./adv.比较级, A or B .”Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary.特别用法1. “比较级 +and+比较级 ”,意为“越来越 ”;多音节比较级用
17、 “more and more+原级”2. “the+比较级 , the+比较级”意思是: ”越 越”The more, the better. 3.主 is the 形比+of the two+名复 “主语是两者中较 .”4. 两者在某一方面相同:A+谓语动词 +as+ adj./adv原.级+ as+ B.Helen is as tall as Amy.Peter studies as hard as Tom.表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时, 用“noat s/so+形容词或副词原级 +as”Eg. I am not as tall as my sister.形容词,副词比较级前的修饰语;
18、当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时, 可以用 much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等来修饰形容词比较级;留意 : 比较级不能用 very, so, too, quite等修饰;二、学问点1. have fun=Have a good time 玩得高兴have fun doing sth :做某事很高兴2. do the same things as me.(翻译);the same as 表示:,3. A good fried is good at sports(. 翻译) be good at意为 ,其后可接名词、代词或动名词;同义词组: do well inHe E
19、nglish.他 善于英语 I m basketba我ll.擅 长打篮球 4. care abou,t 意为 关怀 ;care for 意为 关爱 ;take care 当/当心take care of照料=look after5. makes me laugh. 翻译; make sb. do sth意.为:.His father always up before five o让使某人做某事( make 后跟不带 to 的不定式)让他起床clock.make sb. +形容词:使某人保持某种状态 : e.g. My friends always make me happy6. be like
20、 就“像” :I am like your sister.Look like“外貌上的像 ” I look like my sister. 7.That s wh句y+子:那就是 的缘由/那就是为什么 Eg: 那就是我学习英语的缘由:8. Its+形+(for sb.) to do sth. “做某事(对某人来说)是 . ”9. make friends with sb.与某人交伴侣10. as long as只要;既然,引导条件状语从句11. be different from与不同;反: be the same as与 相同12. though adv.不过;可是;然而(句末补充说明使语气
21、减弱) conj. 虽然;尽管; =although 与 but 不能同时用在一个句子中eg :He said he would come, he didn t, thou他gh说. 他要来,可是并没有来; Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him. 尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多人仍旧记得他13. get better grades取得更好的成果14. does助动词 do/did ,为了防止重复,可代替上文显现过的实意动词;I work harder than Tomis/
22、do/does/did.15. be good with sb. 与某人相处得好Unit 4What s the best movie theater.【语法解析】1) 形容词最高级: 用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较;2) 标志词:表比较范畴时用 in/of3形容词最高级前须加定冠词 the.副词最高级前可省略 the;表示“三者(或以上)中最的”的句型1. A + be + the 形容词最较级 + 表示范畴( in/of 介词短语)2. A + 实意动词 + the 副词最高级 + 表示范畴的 of/in 介词短语常用句式:1) Who/ Which +最高级 , A, B or C
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