2022年新版人教新目标版八级英语上册知识点总结 .docx
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1、新版人教新目标版八年级英语上册学问点总结八年级上册英语语法、短语和学问点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation.本单元的话题: 谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时;本单元的语法: 1. 复习一般过去时;2. 学习不定代词和不定副词的用法;2. 不定代词和不定副词的用法:(1) 左边的 some、any 、every 、no 与右边的 body 、one、thing构成不定代词 ,some、any 、every 、no 与右边的疑问副词where 构成 不定副词 ;(2) 一般情形下以 some 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于确定句,以any 开头的不定代词和不定
2、副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one 为两个单词);(3) 不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面;He has somethingimportanttodo. 他有重要的事情要做;(确定句用 something ,形容词 important放后)Did you buyanythingspecial.(一般疑问句用 anything,形容词 special放后)Did you goanywhere interesting last month.上个月你去令人感爱好的地方了吗? 一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere ,形容词 interes
3、ting放后 (4) 不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式 ;Everone ishere today. 今日每个人都在这里;本单元的短语和学问点:1. go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains上山/ 进山2. stay at home呆在家 go to the beach去海滩 visit museums参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营3. study for tests为考试而学习备考go out出去4. quite a few相当多 , 不少(跟可数名词复数)take photos照相 most of the tim
4、e大部分时间5. buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物6. taste good.尝起来很好taste (尝起来)、 look (看起来)、 sound (听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词7. have a goodgreatfun time过得兴奋,玩得开心(=enjoy oneself) 8. go shopping去购物8. nothing but+ 动词原形:除了之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做;9. seem to do sth:似乎I seem to
5、know him.我似乎熟悉他;seem+( to be ) +形容词:看起来The work seems ( to be )easy. 这工作看起来很简单;10. keep a diary记日记11. in+大地方:达到某地( get to +地方 :达到某地)arriveat+小地方:达到某地get的过去式为 got如是 arrive和 get 后跟 home、there 、here 三个地点副词 ,后面的介词inatto必需去掉;Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrivedhome yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家;12. deci
6、de to do sth:打算做某事 13.try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事14. feel like给的感觉;感受到15. in the past在过去 walk around四处走走16.enjoydoingsth: 宠爱做某事 difference名词,差异,差别-different形容词,不同的 17.start doing sth:开头做某事( = start to do sth)18. over an hour一个多小时( over 超过,余外 = more than)19. too many太多,后接可数名词复数;too much太
7、多,后跟不行数名词,修饰动词作状语;much too太,后跟形容词或副词;辨论三者的口诀:toomuch,much too, 用法区分看后头:much后接不行数 ,too后修饰形或副; too many要记住,后面名词必复数;20because of由于, 后接名词、 代词或动名词 (动词 +ing ),不能接句子; because 由于, 跟句子;He was late for schoolbecause ofget ting up late.他由于起晚而上学迟到;(get 为动词)= He was late for schoolbecause he got up late.21. enou
8、gh 足够的 与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enoughmoney .22. enough 足够的 与形容词或副词连用,enough 放在后面; He isold enough to go to school.23. doing sth.遗忘已经做过某事(已经做完)Forgetto do sth.遗忘去做某事(仍未做)forget的过去式为 forgotUnit 2 How often do you exercise.本单元的话题: 谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时;本单元的语法: 1. 复习一般现在时;2. 学习表示频率副词的用法;主要频率副词的等级排序:always 总是 usual
9、ly 通常 often常常 sometimes有时 hardly ever很少 never从不 这些副词在句子中的位置,一般放在助动词、 be 动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前;即:“行” 前“助 系 ”后 ; Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟到;提问 always, sometimes, twice a day等频率副词,用How oftenI watch TV every day.我每天都看电视How often do you watch TV.你多长时间看一次电视?本单元的短语和学问点:1. on weekends在周末 go to
10、the movies去看电影help with housework帮忙做家务how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不2. once a week每周一次 twice a week每周两次 every day每天use the Internet用互联网3. be free有空Are you free on weekends.你周末有空吗?4. stay up late熬夜 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动5.after school放学后 6.want sth:需要某物 He wants a new pen.他想要
11、一支新钢笔;want to do sth: 想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school.放学后他想去看电视;want sb to do sth: 让某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early.妈妈让我早起;7. be good for对有好处be bad for对有害处8. play computer games打电子嬉戏go camping去野营9.ask sb about sth:问某人某事My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母常常问我的学习情形;10.in one s spa
12、re time在某人业余时间 He studies English in his spare time.11.P13 ,2b ” 数字 +percentof+ 名词 ”做主语时,后面的单词取决于名词的情形;如名词为复数,后面的动词用复数形式;如名词为单数或不行数名词,后面的动词用单数形式;In our class ,twenty ofstudentsare boys.Thirty ofwaterisdirty.12. not at all: 一点儿也不( not 构成否定句) Idont like the movie at all.13. go online上网 =surf the Inter
13、net 14.the answer to+名词:的答案15. the best way to do sth:做某事的 最好 方式The best way to learn English is speaking English.学习英语的最好方法是说英语.16. such as比如 (后跟名词或名词短语)for example例如(后跟句子)He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他宠爱水果,例如苹果、香蕉等;He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often lis
14、tens to tapes.17. more than=over超过,余外go to the dentist去看牙医Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister.本单元的话题: 谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级;本单元的语法: 学习形容词比较级;(语法:见课本第113 页至 115 页)本单元的短语和学问点:1.play+the +乐器 play the drums打鼓比较 play +球类play basketball打篮球2. both and 两者都 后面的动词用复数形式 Both Tom and Jim are students.3. be good at
15、+名词 代词 V ing: 善于,在某方面做得好4. be like: 像 The books are like friends.书像伴侣;5. make friends with sb:(和某人)交伴侣enjoy doing sth: 宠爱做某事6. be different from与不同My brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样;7. help sb to do sth: 帮忙某人做某事常与 help sb with sth在某方面帮忙某人 互换He often helps me(to ) learn English. 他常常帮忙我学习英语;= He
16、 often helps me with my English.他常常在英语方面帮忙我;help to do sth:帮忙做某事 He often helps( to ) cook at home.他常常在家帮忙做饭;8.be good with sb:与某人相处很好9.information( n. 消息,信息)不行数名词Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater.本单元的话题: 谈论事物对比,学习形容词和副词的最高级;本单元的语法: 学习形容词和副词的最高级;本单元的短语和学问点:1. we lcome to+地点:欢迎来到某地Welcome to our sc
17、hool.欢迎来我校;2. What do you think of sth.=How dou you like sth.你认为 .怎么样?3. watch sb do sth: 观察某人做了某事( = see sb do sth)4. 比较级别 +and+ 比较级:越来越(如比较级为more+形容词原级,就为: more and more形容词原级) The buildings aretaller and taller. Our school is gettingmore and more beautiful.5. around the world全世界 =all over the worl
18、d,such as例如Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show.本单元的话题 :谈论自己对天使节目或电影的喜好,学会表达自己的感受;本单元的语法 :复习一般现在时;本单元的短语和学问点:1. What do you think of sth.=How dou you like sth.你认为 怎么样?What do you think of the movie.你认为这部电影怎么样?It is boring.很无聊;2. mind doing sth: 介意做某事 3.learn sth from sb: 向某人学习(某物)4. news 不行数名词 ,消
19、息,信息 a piece of good news一条好消息5. plan to do sth:方案做某事( plan 的过去式 pla nned, 现在分词 pla nning )6. hope to do sth: 期望做某事7.favorite 形容词,最宠爱的= like bestMy favorite shows are talk shows.我最宠爱的节目是谈话节目;=I like talk shows best. 8.expect to do sth: 期望做某事 9.think of认为,想起 He often thinks of his teachers.10. in the
20、 1930s: 在二十世纪三十岁月(1930 年至 1939 年)11. one of +可数名词复数:之一(该短语放在句首做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式)One of the studentshas an English dictionary.这些同学中一个人有英语字典;12. luck 名词,幸运 , 运气 lucky形容词 , 幸运的 -unlucky 形容词 , 不幸的 13. be ready to do sth愿意做某事 14.try one s best( to do sth) : 尽力(做某事)Unit6Im going to study computer science.本单
21、元的话题: 谈论自己将来的方案或准备;本单元的语法: 学习一般将来时be going to do sth;本单元的短语和学问点:1. 词性转换 :science 名词,科学 scientist(名词,科学家)violin(名词,小提琴)-violinst(名词,小提琴家)piano (名词,钢琴) - pianist(名词,钢琴家)2. grow up成长,长大3.be good at+名词 代词 动词+ing : 善于 He is good at math,but he isn t good atspeak ing English.他善于数学,但是不善于说英语;4. keep on doin
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