2022年新版八级英语下册第三单元知识点归纳2.docx

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1、新版八年级英语下册第三单元学问点归纳Unit3 Could you please clean your room.一、 Peter ,could you please take out therubbish.彼得,你能把垃圾倒了吗？-sure,mom.Could you please do sth .请你（做） . 好吗？ 用于提出恳求, 期望得到对方的确定回答, 说话的语气比较客气委婉；Could不是 can 的过去式,是委婉、礼貌的说法；回答用can.【常用答语】确定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I ca

2、nt2、take out取出（ v+ adv ）【注】 : 跟代词做宾语,代词放中间；跟名词做宾语,可放在中间,也可放在后边take 有关的短语 :take out带出去 ,取出Please take out a piece of paper. 请拿出一张纸；Please take it out. 请把它拿出来；take .out“把带出去”My father is taking me out to go for a drive.我爸爸要带我出去开车；1take off脱下；（飞机）起飞-Pleasetake off yourcoat（外套） , It s warm here.-The pla

3、ne took off at 9:00 am.【短语】 take out the trash/rubbish倒垃圾take away拿走,取走take back收回take place发生take off脱下；起飞（2） take to 把 .带到. 3take sb. for a walk带某人去漫步take a walk漫步（4） take exercise 运动,锤炼（ 5）take one s time不用急,渐渐来（6） take a busship/train 乘坐公共汽车（ 7） take turns轮番,替换（8） It takes sb. some time to do st

4、h.做某事花费某人多长时间3. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？do the dishes洗碗【结构 1 】do the + 名词：do the dishes/ laundry洗餐具 /衣服【结构 2 】do the + 动词 -ingdo the cleaning打扫卫生【结构 3 】do one s +名词do one s housework/ homework做家务 /家庭作业【结构 4 】do some + 动词-ingdo some reading/ shopping读写书 /购物4.could you please help out with a f

5、ew things.help out 动词短语,表示在某人繁忙或遇到困难时“赐予帮忙”；help 和 out 之间仍可以加入详细的“人”；e.g. He helped me out with my task. 他帮我完成了任务；They helped us out with the clean -up.他们帮忙我们做大扫除；5. Because Mom will back fromshopping any minute now . 由于妈妈立刻回来购物；6. any minute now一种常见的口语表达法,相当于“随时；立刻；在任何时刻”的意思,e.g. Don t worry, he wi

6、ll come here anyminute now. 别担忧 , 他会立刻来这儿；7.Could I at least finish watching this show.至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？ 1】Could I do sth.我可以做吗？10用于表达恳求,语气比较委婉；Could I go out with my classmate this weekend. 2】at least至少,多指数量或程度上的最低限度；反 at most至多3】finish v终止；完成finish doing sth做完某事eg Can you finish reading these books b

7、efore 10 oclock. Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you.我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了；1】two hours of TV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时,通常被视作整体,谓语动词用单数形式；How time is flies. Three years is really a short time.时间飞逝！三年真的是短暂的时间；【解析 1 】enough足够的,充分的（在句中作定语或表语）I don t have enough money with me. 我没有足够的钱；【解析 2 】足够；

8、充分（放在形容词；副词后）The river is deep enough for swimming.这条河够深,可以游泳；【记】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isnt kind enough to help others.史米斯先生有足够的钱,但他不够好心帮忙别人【留意】enough修饰名词时, 置于名词前； 修饰形容词时, 置于形容词之后；6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes.你能把垃圾倒了；把衣服叠好,再把碗洗了吗？【解析】 take out拿出；取

9、出take的用法：Please take some books to the classroom.请带一些书到教室去；Take this medicine three times a day.这药一天服三次；They usually take the bus to work.他们通常乘公共汽车去上班；It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.我每天花两个小时做作业；短语 take a rest休息 take care of照料 take off脱下；起飞take up占据take down拿下take one s time不急；渐渐来t

10、ake one s temperature 量体温7. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over .我刚坐在电视机前面,我妈妈就过来了；【解析 1 】the minute = as soon as“一.就.”Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析 2 】 in front of指在物体外部的前面There is a bike in front of the classroom.教室前面有一辆自行车；指在物体内部的前面Our teacher is standing

11、in the front of the classroom我们的老师正站在教室的前面【记】 The driver sat _in the front of_ the car. The policeman stoodin front of_ the car.【留意】有 the 无 the 区分大：at table吃饭；进餐in hospital住院at the tabel在桌边in the hospital在医院（不肯定看病）【解析 3 】come over过来【拓展】 come短语：come across（偶然）发觉come back回来come up with想出 come true实现co

12、me down下来come from=be from来自 ,诞生于come in/into进入 ,进来 come on赶快 ,加油come along走吧 ,过来 ,快点come and go来来去去come up上来come out出来, 花开, 照片 冲洗出来7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house.你总是看电视,从不帮忙做家务！all the time= always始终；总是8. I m just as tired as you are. 我和你一样累！【解析】 as.as .和. 一样 .9. F

13、or one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的时间,她不做任何家务,我也不做；【解析】 neither + 助动词 /系动词 /情态动词 +主语“某人（主语）也不 ” neither两者都不neither nor 既不 也不,连接两个词做主语,谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student 表达 “也不 ” 就用 “ Neither /Nor + be / V 助 / V 情 + 主” The first one wasn t bad.Neither was the se

14、cond.第一个并不坏； - 其次个也不是；10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.其次天,妈妈下班回到家后发觉房间很洁净、洁净；【解析】 find + 宾语+宾语补足语【注】 find foundfound v查找(1) find sb. doing sth发觉某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth发觉做某事很 find it difficult/ hard to do sth发觉做某事很困难She found _ithard to finis

15、h the work by herself. 她发觉自己很难完成这项工作；11. She asked in surprise.她惊讶地问道；【解析】 in surprise诧异地；惊讶地surprise v使惊讶 surprising adj.令人惊讶的 surprised adj.惊讶的to one s surprise使某人惊讶的是in surprise惊讶地be surprised at对 感到惊讶To my surprise_使我惊讶的是）,he got the first prize in the exam.12. “ I so msorry, Mom. I finish under

16、stand that we need to share the housework to have aclean and comfortable home.” I replied.“对不起,妈妈；我最终懂得为了拥有一个洁净、舒服的家我们需要共同来分担家务；”我回答说；【解析 1 】needv 需要用于确定句,是实义动词；(1) 人做主语, sb. need to do sth某人需要做某事(2) 物做主语, sth need doing sth= sth need to be done Students needto have_have a good rest in studying. The

17、 watch needsmendingmend.手表需要修；用于否定句或疑问句,是情态动词(1) needn t = don t have没to有必要(2) need ,must引导的一般疑问句,确定会的用must, 否定回答用 neednt Must I go there now. Yes ,you must/No, you neednt【解析 2】share共享； 共用share sth共享或共用某物share sth with sb.与某人共享某物All his friendsSharedhis happiness when he won the match.13. Could I ha

18、ng out with my friends after the movie.看完电影后我能和伴侣们一起闲逛吗？【解析】 hang out闲逛hang up把悬挂 /挂起14. Could you please pass me the salt.你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】 pass v 给；递；走过；通过pass sb.sth把某物递给某Pass on传递Please pass the paper on to the other students. v 通过；路过 I pass your home. v 通过（考试）；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15. Coul

19、d I borrow that book.我能借下你那本书看吗、Could you lend me some money.你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】 borrow /lend/keep(1) borrow借入 ,与 from连用,尤指主语 “【借进来 ”】borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物You can borrow the book from the library. 2lend借出 ,与 to搭配 【指借出去】lend sb sth=lend sth to sb把某物借给某人 He doesn t want to lend his book to others.(3)

20、keep保留,储存（连续动词,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】【记】 I want to _borrowa bike from my friend but he didnt _lendit to me, because Tom had _keptit for two days.16. I cut my finger and I m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割伤了,伤口不能弄湿；【解析】 try not to do sth努力（不）做某事；tryv 试图,设法,努力【拓展】1try on试穿(2) try to do sth努力做某事 【侧重尽力做

21、】(3) try doing sth试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】(4) try one s best to do sth= do one s best to 尽do某s人th 最大努力做某事17. I hate to do chores.我厌恶做家务；hate to do sth厌恶做某事 , 表示某次详细行为或动作；I hate to trouble him.我厌恶麻烦他hate doing sth不情愿做某事表示常常或习惯性行为或动作；She hates smoking in her room. 她厌恶在房间里抽烟；18. Could I ask you to help me with so

22、me chores then.那我能恳求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】 ask sb. to do sth要求某人做某事；ask for恳求,要某物ask sb. about sth向某人询问关于某事(1) ask sb. for help向某人恳求帮忙(2) ask sb. not to do sth恳求某人做某事ask 构成的短语： 短语 含义ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth向某人要某物ask for help寻求帮忙19.I ll finish my homework while you hel

23、p me with the dishes.当你帮我洗盘子的时候,我将完成我的家庭作业；【解析 1 】finish doing sth完成某事 Can you finish _readingthese books before 10 o你能在十点前读完这些书吗？ Yes, I can.clock.【解析 2 】while conj.在“ 期间； 当 的时候 ”While引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是连续动词；_Whilethe children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.当孩子们玩得高兴时,父母可以在海滩上上舞

24、蹈课；【解析 3 】help sb. with sth.在某事上帮忙某人；【注】 help v帮忙 helpfu l adj.有帮忙的1help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth.帮忙某人做某事2with the help ofsb.=with one s hel在p 某人的帮忙之下3without the help of没有在 的帮忙之下I think reading is veryhelpfulhelp. Without your help, we couldn t 抓ca住tch小t偷he；thief.20. Could I invite my friends

25、 to a party.我能邀请我的伴侣们来聚会吗？【解析】 invite sb. to Sp.邀请某人去某地【解析】 invitev invitationn 邀请(1) invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事(2) invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地21.I don t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.我不懂得为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务；【解析】 make sb. do sth让某人做某事make made ma

26、de v.做, 制作,使得(1) make sb/sth +形容词“让某人或某物 ” make you happy(2) make sb/sth do sth使某人做某事make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feelhappy or sad, energetic or sleep.颜色可以转变我们的心情,使我们感到兴奋或哀痛,精力充足或睡眠；22.They don t have time to study and do housework,too.他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务；【解析】 have time to do

27、sth.有时间做某事have time =be free有空23. Housework is a waste of their time.做家务是在铺张他们的时间；【解析】 a waste of铺张a waste of time铺张时间a waste of money铺张金钱wastev “铺张 ”waste time/money on sth waste time / money in doing sth在做某事上花费时间 /金钱Don t _waste_water. Can t you see the sign“ save不w要at浪er费”水.； 你看不到 “节省用水 ” 的牌子吗？24

28、. They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成果并考上一所好高校,他们应当把时间用在学习上；【解析 1 】spend. onsth在某事上花费 .spend/pay/cost/take花费(1) spend spent spent v花费 ,主语是人 sb.+ spend +时间 /钱+on sth sb. +spend + 时间 /钱+（ in） doing sth spend on= pay for支付He spend

29、s too much time on the computer games.他花太多时间在电脑嬉戏上；Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they re not going to be around forever.记得花些时间和你所爱的人在一起,由于他们不会永久在你身边；My father _spent_ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.我父亲花了十万元买他的新车(2) pay paid paid v支付,主语是人 sb.+ pay +钱+for sthI p

30、ay 10 yuan for the book. How much did you pay for this computer.你花了多少钱买这台电脑 Five hundred dollars.(3) cost cost costv 花费,主语是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +钱某物花费某人多少钱A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend. Itcost_ me 120 yuan.上周末我买了一件新毛衣；我花了 120 元(4) take took taken v 花费 It ta

31、kes /took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.他花了 3 个小时做作业；【解析 2 】in order to目“的是；为了 ” 后接动词原形；in order to do sth为了做某事He ran quickly in order notto belate for the meeting.他跑得很快,为了不迟到；【解析 3 】get into =enter进入【拓展】与 get 相关的短语：get up起床 get back返回get over克服get dresse

32、d穿衣 get into进入get/be lost丢失get off/on下/ 上车get on well with sb.与某人相处得好get out of从出来get warm变暧get ready for +n.为做预备get ready to do sth.预备做某事get well 康复 get a chance有机会、得到机会get/go to sleepfall asleep入睡相关： be asleep睡着25. Also,whenthey get older, they will have to do housrwork so there s no need for them

33、 to do it now.而且,当他们长大的时候,他们也将会做家务,因此,他们没必要现在在做；【解析】 get older长大get/ become/ go辨析： get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用；The days are getting longer and longer.天变得越来越长 become强调变化的结果Its becoming colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷；go+adj. 表示令人不快的事情go bad变坏, go blind变瞎, go hungry受饿26. It is the parents job to provide a clean an

34、d comfortable environment at home for their children.在家为孩子们供应一个洁净、舒服的环境是父母的义务；【解析】 provide sth. for sb.为某人供应某物provide v供应provide sb. with sth. sb前介词用 for =provide sth for sb. sth前需加介词 with 供应某人某物相当于： offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.provide为应急等做好预备而 “供应； 供应 ”provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb

35、.供应某人某物offer 侧重表示 “情愿赐予 ”offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.对某人供应某物offer to do sth主动提出干某事supply定期 “供应 ” ,强调替代或补充所需物品Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb.为某人供应某物The Internet provides us _witha lot of _informationwe need.因特网给我们供应了很多我们需要的信息； Could you please provide us _withsome information about the st

36、udentshealth. Of course, it s my pleasu你re能.这是我的荣幸；为我们供应一些关于同学的健康信息？当然,27. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.无论如何,我认为做家务并不那么难；【解析】 anyway无论如何 , 一般放在句首,用逗号和句子隔开）28. I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我认为对孩子们来说,学习如何做杂

37、务并帮忙他们的父母做家务是很重要的；【解析】 It is important for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是重要的29. Children these days depend on their parents too much.现在的孩子太依靠他们的父母；【解析】 depend on依靠；信任 Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow. Well, it alldepends onthe weather.30. . Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.每个人都有责

38、任保持家里的洁净和洁净；【解析 1 】 do one s part 尽职责；尽本分Do ones part in doing sth在做某事上尽职责【解析 2 】keep +sth /sb. +adj.“使. 处于某种状态 ”Her mother asked her to keep the windowsopenand the doorclosed.她妈妈叫她把窗户打开,关上了门keep系动词 “保持 ” keep + adj . We must keep healthy.实义动词“保持；连续 ”(1) keep on doing sth连续做某事He was in great pain bu

39、t he kept on working He kept ontalkingafter the ball rang for class.他不停地球响下课后说；(2) keep sb. Doing sth让某人始终做某事I m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept medoinghomework all the afternoon.对不起,让您久等了；我的老师让我整个下午做作业；31. Doing chores helps to developchildren s independence and teaches t

40、hem how to look after themselves.做杂务不仅可以培育孩子们的独立性仍可以教他们如何照料自己；【解析】 develop independence培育独立意识develop v development n进展 developing adj.进展的 developed adj.发达的a developing country一个进展中国家 a developed country一个发达国家China is a developingcountry.32. Since they live in one house with their parents, they shoul

41、d know that everyoneshould do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里,他们应当知道保持家里洁净、洁净每个人都应当参加；【解析】 sinceconj.既然 表示对方已知的事实或理由,常放在句首）. You have been in Neijiang very long. Yeah.Sincemy parents came here.你在内江已经有很长时间了吗？-是的；由于我的父母来到这里；33. Our neighbor s son got into a good college but dur

42、ing his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.我们邻居的儿子上一所好高校,但是在第一年的时候,他仍不知道 如何照料自己；take care of照料 Thanks for your invitation, but I m so sorry I can t go. I need totake care ofmy baby at home.【拓展】与 take 相关的短语：take photos/pictures照像 take away拿走 take out取出 work out算出 take care当心take a

43、walk漫步take medicine服药take place发生 take one s temperature量体温take one s time别焦急34. As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果,他常常生病,功课也落下了；【解析 1 】as a result结果 （插入语,放在句首,用逗号隔开）Don t ask him too late into the night,As a result, he isonly a small child.不要太深夜问他,作为一个结果,他只是一个小孩；【解析 2 】fall ill生病 fall asleep入睡35 .The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的将来越好；【解析】 the +比较级, the +比较级“越 .越.”The more you smile, thehappier you will feel.你笑得越多,你就会感觉到欢乐；