2022年新目标七级下册第四单元英语知识点总结.docx

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1、新目标七年级下册英语学问点总结Unit4 Don t eat in class.一、词组、短语1. 祈使句是指动词原形开头, 表达命令或祈求的句子； 其否定句是在句首加don 构t成；2. arrive 到达,抵达arrive at +小地点arrive at school 到达学校arrive in +大地点arrive in Beijing到达北京get to + 地点 get to Beijing到达北京 get home 到家 get there 到那儿reach + 地点reach Beijing到达北京reach home 到家get、arrive 后接副词是,介词省略；3. be

2、 late for +名词迟到He was late for school.他上学迟到了；4. outside 外面 - inside 里面 5. dining hall餐厅,饭厅6. in /at school在上学,在求学in the school 在学校里7. have to do sth 不得不做某事8. on school nights上课期间的晚上9. too many +可数名词“太多 ” too many books 太多的书too much +不行数名词 “太多 ” too much homework 太多的家庭作业10. No smoking. = Don t smo请ke

3、勿. 吸烟！No food. = Don t eat foo禁d止. 吃东西！No +名词（短语）或动词 -ing 形式,表示 “不许,不行,不能”11. later 后来,以后12. by “在 .以前,到为止”I should finished homework by tomorrow.在明天之前我应当把作业做完；13. be in bed“睡觉,卧床” in bed“卧病在床”in the bed“在床上”go to bed“上床睡觉”强调动作二、重点句型1. Don t arrive late for school Don t be late for school2. Don t fi

4、ght 3.Don t listen to musiclainssthroeocm.4.Don t run in the hallways5.Don t smoke .It s bad for your health.6.Don t play cards in school7.Don t talk in class8.Don t watch TV on school nights. 9.Don tsleepinclass.10.Donplat y sportsinthe classrooms.11.Don t sing songs at night.12.Don t talk when you

5、 eat.13.Don t wear hats in class.14.Do homework by 10:00. 15.Clean your house.16.Make the bed.17. Can we . Yes ,we can .No, we can t.Eg: Can we arrive late for class . No, we can t. We can t arrive late for class.18. Do y ou have to wash your clothes.Yes, I do./No, I don t.三、重点句子1. Don t arrive late

6、 for class.2. Don t run in the hallways.3. Don t eat in the classroom4. Don t listen to music in the classrooms or the hallways.5. Don t fight.6. What are the rules.7. Can we listen to music.8. Do you have to wear a uniform at school.9. What else do you have to do .10. Don t go out on school night.1

7、1. Practice your guitar every day .12. I have too many rules in my family.13. I can t meet my friends after school buesecaI have to do my homeworkl14. I have to be in bed by ten O clock.15. I have to help my Mom make dinner.16. Later , I have to go to the Children s Palace to learn the piano.17. I n

8、ever have any fun, what can I do.四、重难点精析祈使句通常用来表示命令、恳求、禁止、建议、警告等语气；它的主语you 听话人 通常省略；其构成通常有以下几种形式；1) Be 型（即系动词原型be+表语其他） ； 如： Be quiet,please.否定句 Dont + be+表语 +其他； 如： Dont be angry.2) Do 型（即系动词原形宾语其他）；如： Open you books,please.否定句 Dont +实义动词原形 +宾语 +其他； 如： Dont eat in the classroom.3) Let 型（即 Let+ 宾语 +

9、动词原形 +其他）如： Let me help you. Let s go at six o clock.否定句一般在宾语后加not；如： Let not watch TV.4) No+V-ing 型（此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为“禁止做某事 “）如：No smoking. 严禁吸烟！ No talking. 不许交谈！ No passing. 禁止通行！ No parking. 不许停车重难点解析：1. 情态动词 have to的用法,意思是 必需、不得不 ,它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威；（ 1）结构：主语 have to动词原形其他（一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用 h

10、as to；句子是过去时,用 had to.）如： We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上,我们必需穿运动鞋； Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必需练习弹吉它； I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一,我不得不早上5 点起床；（ 2）否定形式：主语 dont have to动词原形其他（一般现在时, 主语是第三人称单数时, 用 doesnt have to. 句子是过去时, 用 didnt have to ） 如： Nick doesn

11、t have to wear a uniform.尼克不必穿降服； We didnt have to do ourhomework at once.我们不必立刻完成作业；（ 3）疑问句： Do（Does 或 Did ）主语 have to 动词原形其他如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends. 周末你必需呆在家里吗？Yes, I do. / No, I dont.是的,我必需 .不,我不必； Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night.昨晚,他不得不11 点前上床睡觉吗？2. 情态动词 can 的用法（ 1

12、）表示才能, 会 能（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）Can you play the guitar.你会弹吉它吗？ Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文； I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞；（ 2）表示答应、许可, 可以 、能（在这一课中新学的词义）Can the students run in the hallways. 同学们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西；Can I come in. 我能进来吗？留意 ：同样是情态动词, can 和 have to 的用法是有区分的,和

13、大部分情态动词一样,can 在否定句中,直接在can 后加上 not,在疑问句中,把 can 放到主语前面,并且没有人称和数的变化；3. hear , listen 和 sound 都有 听 的意思,但三者是有区分的；（ 1） hear听说 ,侧重于 听 的内容Im sorry to hear that you are ill.听说你生病了,我很伤心；I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么好玩的一个故事；（ 2） listen 听侧重于 听 这一动作； Listen to me carefully.仔细听我说；The children

14、 like to listen to music.孩子们喜爱听音乐；（ 3）sound 听起来 ,它是系动词,后面接形容词等；That sounds great. 那听起来真不错； It sounds like fun.听起来挺好玩；4. be in bed 在床上、卧床 in和 bed 之间不能用冠词, bed 也不用复数；He is in bed for 10 years.他卧床 10 年了；Dave has to be in bed early every night. 大卫每晚必需很早睡觉；5. arrive late for与 be late for意思相近迟到 Dont arriv

15、e（ be）late for school.上学别迟到； I arrived （was）late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了；6. No talking . 禁止交谈！ no 后面加上名词或动名词 （ doing）也表示不要做某事； 与 dont +do 的用法相像； No wet umbrellas. / Dont put wet umbrellas here.禁止放湿雨伞！No food. Dont eat food here.禁止吃食物！ No smoking. Dont smoke here.禁止吸烟！7. 语法（祈使句）祈使句是用来表示恳求、命令、 嘱咐、号召或者劝说等的句子,这类句子的主语常是其次人称 you,也就是听话者,因而you 常省去了；祈使句的开头是动词原形；如： Look out.当心！ Wait here for me.在这等我！Be sure to come here on time.务必准时来到这里！祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成 dont ）开头,再加上动词原形；Dont arrive late for school.上学别迟到；Dont fight.别打架！Dont look out of the window.不要向窗外看；