2022年新目标英语七级上册语法知识与句型总结.docx
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1、七年级上册语法学问与句型总结一. 考点归纳1. Hello, Gina. Good morning. 嗨,吉娜;早上好;英文中常用的问候语及其回答: Hello.Hello. Hi. Hi. Good morning. Good morning. Good afternoon. Good afternoon. Good evening. Good evening. Good night. Good night.晚安;(晚上分别时) How do you do. 你好;(初次见面时相互问好) How do you do. 你好; How are you.你好吗?(已相识者问对方好?) Fine,
2、 thank you.好,感谢;2. Sorry, I m l对at不e.起,我迟到了;sorry对“不起 ”用于引出某一过错;Excuse me. 对“不起 ”用于引起对方的留意;例如:1)I m sorry I can t speak 对En不gl起ish,. 我不会说英语;2)Excuse me, is this your backpack打. 扰一下,这是你的背包吗?3. Nice to meet you. 很兴奋熟悉你! -Nice to meet you,too.4. What s this in English这.个用英语怎么说?1) 同义句: What s the Englis
3、h for this.2) 用什么语言,介词用 in:“ in某+ 种语言 ” .例如:in English用英语in Chinese用汉语in Japanese用日语5. Letleasrn English. 让我们学英语;(一) let =s let us 让我们 Let slearn English.让我们学习英语吧; = Why not learn English.为什么不学习英语呢? = What/How about learning English. 学习英语怎么样?(二) let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事例如: Let me play the guitar.留意: 1
4、)let sb. do sth. 中的 sb.如是代词要用宾格形式;Let she sing an English song. Let her sing an English song. 2) let sb. do sth. 中的 sb.即使是第三人称单数后面的动词仍用原形,例如: Let him plays soccer. Let him play soccer. 3) learn from向 学习, 例如: Let us learn from Lei Feng.让我们向雷锋学习;4 learn to do sth.学.会干某事 例如:He learns to speak a little
5、French他. 学会说一点法语;6. What color is this sweater. 这个毛衣是什么颜色?1) 对颜色提问的两种方法: What color. = What s the color o例f如: .What color is your sweater. = What s the color of you你r s的w毛ea衣te是r.什么颜色? What color are these pants.这些裤子是什么颜色?2) color 是可数名词,例如: I don t like these colo我rs不.7. What s your name你.叫什么名字?1) 对
6、姓名的几种提问及回答:喜爱这些颜色;What s your name. = May I have/know your name.My name is = I m 2) 姓氏: family name / last name名字: first name全名: full name8. Is this your dictionary. 这是你的字典吗?答: Yes, it is. / No, it isn t.例如: Is that your brother s backp-aYceks., it is. / No, it isn t.9. Call John at 495-3539. 给约翰打电话
7、 495-3539;Please call Gina, her phone number is 2684753. =Please call Gina at 2684753.10. Thanks for the photo of your family.感谢你的全家福照片;1) Thanks. = Thank you. 感谢你;2) Thanks for + sth./doing sth. 为 而感谢你;例如: Thanks for your help.=Thanks for helping me. 感谢你的帮忙;3) the photo of your family=your family p
8、hoto 你的全家福照片11. Here is my family photo. 这是我的全家福照片;1) 倒装句式:副词谓语主语(名词)Here is your letter.这是你的信;介词短语谓语主语(名词)On the dresser is my photo. 介词主语(代词)谓语Here you are. 给你;2) Here is/ are. 常. 用于把某物递给说话的对象This is也表示 “这是 ;”但通常用于介绍;12. Please take these things to your brother请.take, bring, carry 和 get 的区分:把这些东西带
9、给你弟弟;1) take 带“走”,从近处带到远处,例如:Please take these books to your home after scho放ol.学后把这些书带回你的家;bring2) get带“来”,从远处带来,例如: Please bring me some books请. 给我带些书来;去“拿来 ”,相当于 go and bring,例如:Can I get my pen.我可以去把我的钢笔拿来吗?3) carry ”搬动”, 无方向, Can you help me carry this case能.13. I need my hat, my ID card, my no
10、tebook and my pencils.我需要我的帽子,身份证,笔记本和铅笔;need v. 需要帮我搬这个箱子吗?1) need sth./sb. 需要“”例如: She really needs these books. 她真的需要这些书;2) need to do sth. 需要做“”例如: I need to listen to some relaxing music我. 需要听一些令人放松的音乐;14. There are some books in the bookcase书. There be 句型柜里有些书;1)构成及意义 There be + n. + 某处. 在某处有什
11、么;例如: There is an alarm clock on the dresse梳r. 妆台上有一个闹钟;There are some keys in the drawe抽r. 屉里有一些钥匙;2) 否定式例如: There isn t a baseball on the fl地oo上r. 没有一个棒球;There aren t any books in the bookca书se柜. 里没有一些书;3) 疑问句及回答例如: Is there an alarm clock on the dresser.梳. 妆台上有一个闹钟吗? Yes ,there is.是的,有; No, there
12、 isn不,t.没有;4) There be句型的 就近原就 :如有两个或两个以上的主语是,谓语常与靠近它的那个主语一样;例如: There is a book, two pens and some cups on the table.There are two pens, some cups and a book on the table.5) 变疑问句或否定句时,应将原句中的some改为 any;6) 对不行数名词的数量提问:比较问的对象不一样:There is some broccoli in the bow(l碗) .碗里有些花椰菜;How much broccoliis there
13、in the bowl(碗) . 碗里有多少花椰菜?How many bowlsof broccoliare there on the table有. 多少碗花椰菜?答: There are three bowls of broccoli on the table.有三碗花椰菜在桌子上;7在变特殊疑问句时,不要遗忘加areis there;How many peopleare there in the room. How many people in the room. 8) 需要强调状语时,可以将状语提前;房间里有多少人?On the table there is only one tenn
14、is racke在t. 桌子上只有一个网球拍;9) 与 have 的区分: have 表示某人或某物拥有什么; I have a book.我有一本书; There be表示在什么地方存在什么;15. I want to join your school sports center.我想加入你们学校的体育中心;want 想,想要1) want + sth./sb.2) want to do sth.想要“” 例如: I want two hamburgers.想要做“”例如: He wants to join the reading club他.想加入阅读俱乐部3) want sb. not
15、to do sth. 想某人(不“)做什么 ”例如: My mother wants me to write English words every day.我的母亲想要我每天写英语单词;He wants that boy not to play soccer in the classroom.他想要那个男孩不在教室里踢足球;16. Welcome to our sports center欢. 迎到我们体育中心来;17. Ed Smith has a great sports collection. Ed Smith 有丰富的体育用品保藏;1) 名词修饰名词:一般情形下变复数时,只有被修饰的名
16、词变为复数形式,例如: apple tree apple trees 苹果树oy train toy trains 玩具火车2) 假如修饰词为 man, woman 就两个名词都要变为复数形式,例如: woman doctor-women doctors 女医生 man teacher -men teachers男老师3有的名词本身常以复数形式显现,例如: clothesshop-clothesshops服装店 sportscenter-sportscenters体育中心4丰富的钢笔保藏: a great/big pen collection 很小的钢笔保藏: a small pen coll
17、ection18. He only watches them on TV. 他只在电视上观看它们;1) 看: watch, see, look, read例如: watch TV/ a movie/ a football game观看电视 /电影/足球竞赛see a film/ an old friend 看电影/一位老伴侣look at the picture/ that funny boy 看着这副画 /那个好玩的男孩read the map/an interesting story读这副地图 /一个好玩的故事2) on TV 在电视上 on the phone 在电话里 on the c
18、omputer 在电脑上19. Do you like bananas.你喜爱香蕉吗?1) like v. like 用作及物动词,译为 “喜爱”;like sth. / sb.喜爱like doing sth. 喜爱做(长期的喜好,习惯)like to do sth. 想做短期的,详细的某一次活动 = want to dolike sb. to do sth. 想要某人做 I like him to go with me. 我想要他和我一起去;1后接名词或代词,表示喜爱某人或某物如: I like the baby very much. 我特别喜爱这个小孩;(2) 后接动名词 v. -ing
19、,表示“喜爱做某事 ”,着重于习惯、爱好;如: Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜爱踢足球;(3) 后接动词不定式 to do ,表示有时喜爱做某事,着重于某次详细行为如: I like reading, but I like to watch TV today.我喜爱读书,但我今日想看电视;20. Runner eats well. 跑步选手吃得好;1)构词法:在动词后面加 -er 或-or,将动词变为名词,意思是 “干 的人” 直接加: act-actor (男)演员 paint-painter 画家 teach-teacher 老师只加 r :dance-da
20、ncer 跳舞的人双写尾字母: run-runner 跑步选手 swim-swimmer 游泳者2 跑步明星: running star runner star 21. Running star Sandra Clark eats a lot of healthy food.跑步明星 Sandra Clark 吃很多健康的食物;1) a lot of = lots of 可以用来修饰可数名词和不行数名词;例如: Jim drinks a lot of/lots of beer.吉姆喝很多啤酒;I have a lot of/lots of things to do.我有很多事情要做;2) a
21、lot = a lot of/ lots of +名词例如: Do we have some rice at home now 我. 们家里有一些大米吗 .Yes, we have a lot有. ,我们有很多;3) a lot= very much 作状语,表示程度、数量或频率;例如: I like ice-cream a lot/ very much 我很喜爱冰淇淋;Thanks a lot / very much.特别感谢;22. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas and apples.对早饭来说 ,她喜爱吃鸡蛋,香蕉和苹果;1) for 对来
22、说2) have/eat + 三餐 “吃早 /中/晚饭”例如: I usually have lunch at home我. 通常在家里吃午餐;3) have/eat + a + adj. +三餐 “吃怎样的早 /中/晚饭”例如: have a big/quick/breakfa吃st 了顿丰富的 /快速的早餐23. How much are these pants.这裤子多少钱?对价格提问: How much.=How much cost.=What s the price of. 例如: How much is this sweater.= How much does this sweat
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