2022年外研版七级上英语重点语法总结与练习2 .docx
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1、Starter Module 1 My teacher and my friends主系表结构主系表结构由“主语 +系动词+表语”构成,系动词主要是指 be 动词,其变形 am, is, are的基本意思为“是” ,用来说明某人的年龄、身份、身体状况等, 在英语中起着特别重要的作用;1. 确定句式为:主语 +am/is/are+其他;Iama student.我是一名同学;(说明主语的身份)主语系动词表语They are my friends.他们是我的伴侣;2. 动词 be 的否定式就是在其后加not,且可以缩写为“ isnt,arent”,但是 am 与 not 不能缩写;He is no
2、t a teacher.He isnt a teacher.他不是一名老师;You are not Chinese. You arent Chinese.你/你们不是中国人;3. be 动词的一般疑问句式是把 be 动词提至句首,第一个字母要大写,句末用问号;This is a map.这是一张地图;Is this a map.这是一张地图吗?They are from Xinjiang.他们来自新疆;Are they from Xinjiang.他们来自新疆吗?语法专练一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空;1. Ia boy in Class Two.2. Damingmy good frien
3、d.3. she a student.4. Whereyou from? Wefrom England.5. HowTony and Betty. Theyfine.二、句型转换;1. He is in Class Four. (改为否定句) Hein Class Four.2. We are from England. 改 为否定句 Wefrom England.3. I am from Beijing. 改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答 from Beijing. , I .4. Daming is twelve years old. 改为一般疑问句,并作确定回答 Daming twelve
4、years old. , he.21Starter Module 2 My English lesson祈使句1. 祈使句可用来表示命令、恳求和建议等意义的句子;它的主语you 通常省略,谓语动词用原形,表达的是将来的动作;句末用感叹号或句号;Stand up, please. 请站起来;Sit down.坐下!2. 为了表示委婉的语气,可在句首或句尾加上please,但 please加在句尾时,前面要用逗号隔开;Please put up your hands.请举手;Close your books, please.请合上书;3. 为了明确向对方提出恳求或发出命令,可加称呼语,但称呼语要用
5、逗号与句子隔开;Open your books, boys and girls.同学们打开你们的书;Please listen to me, Lingling.玲玲,请听我说;基数词1. 基数词就是用来表示数量的单词; 英语中就基数词提问时, 用 how many;How many boys are there in your clas?s你们班里有多少男生?There are nineteen boys.有 19 个男孩;2. 基数词的书写;110:one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten 1120: eleven,t
6、welve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen,twenty整十: ten, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety其他数字:整十 -个位数twenty-two22forty-five45fifty-three53语法专练一、用祈使句表达下面图片的内容;1. 请写在黑板上;2. 举起你的手;3. 星期三我们一起去游泳吧;二、写出对应的英语数词;8 29 12 83 20 46 19 94 Starter Modu
7、le 3 My English book特别疑问句1. 特别疑问句由特别疑问词来引导;目前我们学过what, how, how many, how old, what colour等引导的一般疑问句;Whats your name, pleasse.请问你叫什么名字?How are you.你好吗?How many boys are there.这里有多少男孩?How old are you.你多大了?What colour is the cat.这只猫是什么颜色的?2. 特别疑问句的语序为“特别疑问词 +一般疑问句”,特别疑问词在句中有两个作用:一是起引导作用,二是在句中担当肯定的句子成分;
8、Whats your telephone number.你的电话号码是多少? How do you spell “pencil”.你怎样拼写“ pencil”? Whats this in English.这个用英语怎么说?What class are you in.你在哪个班?语法专练依据答语写出问句1. It s a map.2. It s black.3. It s C-L-A-S-S-R-O-O-M.4. Im fine, thank you.5. Im Mike.6. It s 987654321.7. Im in Class Three, Grade Seven.8. Im twe
9、lve.9. There are 54 students in my class.Starter Module 4 My everyday life特别疑问句what 引导的特别疑问句,可以询问星期几,天气,最喜爱的体育运动,在几年级几班等等;1. 特别疑问词 what day 提问星期几; 这是常用 it 来指代时间作主语, 也可以用 today, tomorrow等名词作主语;答语用 It is或 Today/Tomorrow is ;What day is it today.今日星期几?It is Monday.今日星期一;What day is it tomorrow.明天星期几?To
10、morrow is Tuesday.明天星期二;2. 询问天气用 What s the weather like.来提问, what s 是 what is 的缩写;依据句意表达需要,句型后可以加时间或地点状语,同时显现时间和地点时,一般先说地点后说时间;答语用it 来指代天气;Whats the weather like in Xian in summer.夏天西安的天气怎么样?It s hot.天气很热;3. Whats your favourite. 用来提问“你最喜爱的 , 是, ”,favourite后跟名词;答语用 It s或直接用名词作简略回答;Whats your favour
11、ite day.你最喜爱星期几?Sunday.星期天;Whats your favourite animal.你最喜爱的动物是什么?It s dog.是狗;语法专练依据答语完成对话中的特别疑问句;1. today. Today is Wednesday.2. .It s yellow.3. in summer. Swimming.4. your favourite sport. Basketball.5. in autumn. It s cool.Module 1 My classmatesbe 动词的用法一、动词 be 作谓语时, 和后面的表语一起构成系表结构,说明主语的身份、年龄、状态等;
12、1. 说明身份;Im your teacher and youre my students.我是你们的老师,你们是我的学生;Tony and Betty are our friends.托尼和贝蒂是我们的伴侣;2. 说明年龄;Im thirteen years old.我 13 岁;Emma is thirteen years old too.艾玛也是 13 岁;3. 说明状态;We are in our classroom now.我们现在在老师里;Shanghai is a very big city.上海是一个特别大的城市;It s nice to see you all here.在这
13、儿看到大家特别兴奋;二、be 动词的常用句式;1. 陈述句是“主语 +be+表语+其他”;She is a new student in my class.她是我们班上新来的同学;2. 一般疑问句把 be 提到主语之前, 构成疑问句语序, 即“Be+主语+其他”;She is from England.她来自英格兰;Is she from England.她来自英格兰吗? I am from China.我来自中国;Are you from China.你来自中国吗? We are good friends.我们是好伴侣; Are you good friends.你们是好伴侣吗?留意第一人称
14、其次人称3. 特别疑问句是“特别疑问词 +be 动词的一般疑问句”;Where are you from.你来自哪里?语法专练Tony: Hi, my nameTony. Whatyour name. Daming: Hi, Tony. IDaming. Whereyou from.Tony: I m from London. It a very big city. This Jack, and thisBetty. Theymy friends.Daming: Itnice to meet you, Jack and Betty.Jack and Betty: Nice to meet yo
15、u too. How oldyou, Daming. Daming: Im twelve years old. What about you.Tony: Itwelve years old too. Jack and Bettythirteen years old.Module 2 My familythis, these, that, those1. this, that, these和 those在英语中称作指示代词; this 和 that 是单数,复数是 these和 those;指示代词含有方向性,用来指示或标识人或物;this, these 指较近的人或物, that, those
16、指较远的人或物;This is my family photo. 这是我的全家照;Thats my pencil.那是我的铅笔;These are my parents.这是我的父母;Those are Uncle Pauls son and daughter.那是保罗叔叔的儿子和女儿;2. 指示代的疑问句是把助动词提到指示代词之前,答语中this, that 一般用it 代替, these和 those用 they 代替;This is a farm.这是一个农场; (确定句)Is this a farm.这是一个农场吗? (一般疑问句)Yes, it is.是的,它是;(确定回答)No,
17、it isnt.不,它不是;(否定回答)留意人称变化Those aremy grandparents.那是我的外祖父母; (确定句) Are those your grandparents.那是你的外祖父母吗?(一般疑问句) Yes, they are.是的,他们是;(确定回答)No, they arent.不,他们不是; (否定回答)3. 指示代词可以单独使用,也可修饰名词;These are desks and those are chairs.这些是桌子,那些是椅子;These boys are from Class One. Those girls are from Class Two
18、.这些男孩来自一班;那些女孩来自二班;语法专练用 this, that, these, those, they, i填t 空;1. Look here. What s . is a photo of my family.2. Can you see the man over there. Is Lilys father.3. Areyour books in this bag. No, arent.4. Are these boys from America. Yes,are.5. Are Uncle Pauls son and daughter in that photo.Yes,are.M
19、odule 3 My schoolthere be句型的用法1. there be句型表示“某处有某物” 或“某处有某人” 等,各种句式见下表: 确定否定疑问回答There is a computer on the teachers desk.老师的讲桌上有台电脑;There is some hot water for you.给你预备了些热水;There are some buildings in our school.在我们学校里有一些建筑物;There isn ctomputer on the teachers desk.老师的讲桌上没有电脑;There isnt any hot wat
20、er for you.没有给你预备热水;There arent any buildings in our school.在我们学校里没有建筑物;Is there a computer on the teachers desk.老师的讲桌上有电脑吗?Is thereanyhot water for me. 有给我预备热水吗?Are there any buildings in your school.你们学校有一些建筑物吗?Yes, there is. 是的,有;No, thereisnt.不,没有;Yes, there is.是的,有;No, thereisnt.不,没有;Yes, there
21、are.是的,有;No, there arent.不,没有;2. there be 句型中的主语是 be 动词后的名词,所以 be 动词的单复数取决于be 动词后名词的单复数形式, 留意 be 动词的单复数遵循就近原就, 即第一个名词的单复数打算 be 动词的单复数;There is some furniture and books in the library.图书馆里有一些家具和书籍;There are some books and furniture in the library.图书馆里有一些书和家具;语法专练按要求完成以下题目;1. There are some computers
22、in the classroom(.改为否定句) in the classroom.2. There are some pictures on the wall.(改为一般疑问句并作确定和否定回答) on the wall. , . , .3. There is a television and some computers in the computer room(.句)改为同义 and a television in the computer room.4. There are six science labs in the science building(. 对画线部分提问) in t
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