2022年对于高等教育大众化背景下高等职业教育质量问题研究报告探析中英文对照.docx
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1、精品学习资源对于高等训练大众化背景下的高等职业训练质量问题讨论的探析中英文对比For the analysis of the higher occupation education quality problems research under the background of mass highereducation in Chinese and English20世纪 90岁月末以来,我国高等训练进展速度急剧加快,其目标在于从精英训练阶段向大众化阶段迈进;本文分析了高等训练大众化的内涵及其进呈现状,探讨在此背景下建构新型高等职业训练质量观及其质量保证的关键内容,提出保证新的高等职业训练质
2、量观得以实施的相关机制与措施;Since the late nineteen ninties, speed of development of higher education in China has accelerated, its goal lies in the stage from elite education to mass. This paper analyses the connotation of the popularizationof higher education and the development present situation,to explorein
3、this context construction key content and qualityassurance of qualitymodel of higher occupation educationconcept, putforwardtoensure the implementationofrelevantmechanisms and measures of the quality of higher occupation education new concept.关键词:高等训练大众化;高等职业训练;质量Keywords: higher education massifica
4、tion of higher occupation education; quality ;一,大力推动的高等训练大众化进程First, vigorously promote the process of popularization of Higher Education自美国学者马丁特罗 MartinTrow 提出将高等训练进展的不同阶段按高校毛入学率划分为精英训练elite 、大众化训练mass和普及化训练 universal 三个阶段以来,世界各国普遍将这一理念看做衡量其高等教育发达程度的重要指标;自1999年起,我国开头了扩大高等学校招生规模,大力推动高等训练大众化的进程,高等训练毛
5、入学率由1998 年的 10左右增加到 2002年的 14;高等职业训练作为高等训练的重要组成部分,在推动高等训练大众化进程中担负起极其重要的角色,并在招生数、在校生数、毕业生数方面占据了高等训练半壁江山;在一些发达地区,高等训练的大众化程度远远高于全国的平均值;以天津为例, 2002年高等训练毛入学率已达44,接近普及化程度;Since the American scholar Martin Tero Martin Trow of different stages of the development of higher education in college enrollment rat
6、e into the elite education put forwardElite, the popular education mass and the popularization of Education Universal has three stages, all the countriesofthe worldtothisideaas an importantmeasure ofthehigher education development degree. Since 1999, China began to expand enrollment scale, vigorousl
7、y promote the process of popularizationof higher education, higher education gross enrollment rate increased from about 10% in 1998 to 14% in 2002. The higher occupation education is an important part of higher education, plays an extremely important role in promoting the process of popularization o
8、f higher education, and occupy half of the country in higher education enrollment, the number of students, the number ofgraduates. Insome developedareas, the popularizationofhigher education is far higher than the national average. In order to Tianjin as an example, in 2002, the欢迎下载精品学习资源gross enrol
9、lment rate of higher education reached 44%, close to the popular.二、高等训练大众化阶段新型质量观的建构Construction of the two stage of the popularization of higher education, the new concept of quality训练质量指训练水平高低和成效优劣的程度,衡量的标准是训练目的和各级各类学校的培育目标;前者规定受培育者的根本质量要求,后者规定受培育者的详细质量要求;要建立与高等训练大众化阶段相适应的质量观,必需把握以下几点:The quality
10、of education to quality education level and the extent of the effect, it is the purpose of education and the training goal of all types of schools at all levels. The provision of training basic quality requirements, the latter regulation by specific qualitytraining requirements.To establish the conc
11、ept of quality and adapt to the stage of popularization of higher education, we must grasp the following points: 一明确高等训练大众化阶段的基本特点 a the basic characteristics of the popularization of Higher Education高等训练大众化步伐的加快,使得以精英型训练为主要特点的高等训练内涵开头转向适应大众化训练阶段特点要求的高等训练内涵;马丁特罗在提出高等训练进展各个阶段毛入学率指标的同时,也提出了其办学与教案各方面的不
12、同差异;在观念上,精英训练被视为少数人的特权,而大众化训练就被视为有资格者的权益;在训练功能上,精荚训练旨在培育学术精英与统治阶层,而大众化训练就培育更广泛的精英,包括全部技术和经济组织的领导阶层,重点是技术英才;在同学就学方式上,精英训练实行同学中学毕业后经严格选拔进入高校、住校且连续学习取得学位,生源质量高且辍学率低,而大众化训练就实行多数同学中学毕业后采纳较宽松的入学方式,入学更简单,水平参差不齐,辍学率较高,住校与走读相结合;由此带来了一个非常突出的问题,就是习惯了精英训练的高等训练机构和高等院校老师如何适应大众化阶段高等训练新特点的问题,特殊是生源新特点的问题;在这方面,高等职业院校
13、显得尤为突出;由于我国高职院校以专科层次为主,同学是经本科院校录用后低分数段的同学;高校扩招,新人校的同学文化素养偏低,思想素养不高;如何针对这样的同学有的放矢施教就成为一个非常重要的问题;此外,由于同学数量的增加,师资队伍也显现了紧急状况,校内硬件设施频频告急;如何保证训练质量成为高等训练工作者和社会各界关注的焦点;The popularization of higher education to accelerate, the elite education as the main feature of the higher education connotation to adapt t
14、o the requirements of massification of higher education connotation. Martin Tero put forward the development of higher education in each stage of the gross enrolment rate index at the same time, also put forward different education and teaching inall aspects. In concept, the elite education is regar
15、ded as the privilegeof a few people, and the populareducationis consideredeligiblerights; inthe educationfunction,spermatophore education aims at trainingthe academic elite and the rulingclass, and the popularizationof education is to train more elite, including all technical and economic organizati
16、on and leadership focus on technology, talents; in student enrollment mode, the elite education to students after graduation from high school into the universitycampus after strict selection, and continuous learningto obtain the degree, the qualityofstudents and highdropout rate is low, and the popu
17、larization of education is taking more mathematics students use more relaxed entrance after graduating from high school, enrolled more easily, level uneven, drop-out rates are high, school combined with the day. It brings a very prominent problem, is accustomed to institutions of higher欢迎下载精品学习资源edu
18、cation from elite education and teachers in Institutions of higher learning to adapt to the new characteristicsofhighereducation popularization,especiallythe newcharacteristicsofthe problem students. In this regard, the higher occupation colleges is particularly prominent. Becauseof our countrys hig
19、her vocational colleges to colleges, students are admitted by universities after the low scores of the students. College enrollment, low cultural quality of new students in school, ideological quality is not high. How to have a definite object in view of teaching such students hasbecome a very impor
20、tant problem. In addition, due to the increase in the number of students, teachers also appear tense situation, campus facilities frequent emergencies. How to ensure the quality of education is higher education workers and the focus of attention of the community. 二要坚持训练工作的基本方针和总体培育目标,把握好学校正确的办学方向 tw
21、o to adhere to the basic principles of education and the overall goal, grasp the correct direction of running a school各级各类高等学校应切实把握好自己的办学方向,这是训练质量的根本要求;偏离了这一方向,就谈不上质量意义,也就无从培育高质量的人才;Colleges should grasp their own direction of running a school, which is a fundamental requirement of the quality of ed
22、ucation. The deviation from the direction, there is no quality significance, is impossible to cultivate high quality talent. 三要明确不同学校自身的办学特点,保证满意需要的教案目标 three to define the characteristics of different schools of its own, which meet the needs of the teaching goals由于历史、特色、规模、实力等诸多因素的差异,每个学校的办学目标各不相同;
23、衡量一所学校教案水平的高低,归根结底是要看其培育目标是否满意社会的需要,是否达到了自身设计的目标要求;不同类别的院校之间由于培育目标不同,难以笼统类比,训练质量标准应答应多样化;Because of the difference of history, characteristics, size, strength and other factors, each school of different goals. The measure of a school of the level of teaching, in the final analysis is to look atthe t
24、raininggoal is to satisfythe socialneed, whethertoreach the design objectives andrequirements. Amongdifferent types of institutionswith differentcultivationobjectives, to the general analogy, education quality standards should be allowed to diversify. 四建立训练评判与社会评判相结合的质量评判机制 four the quality evaluati
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