2022年牛津深圳版初一下学期英语知识点总结.docx

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1、Chapter One Travel一课文重点词语与短语plan方案plan to do sth.方案去做某事offer供应offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.provide供应provide sth for sb = provide sb with sthshop购物shop for sth = buy sthWhy not do sth. =Why dont you do sth为什么不做used to do sth过去经常做某事be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事the same as 和一样be famous for sth =

2、be well-know for sth以闻名be famous as作为而闻名help sb（to） do sth帮忙某人做某事help sb with sth帮忙某人做某事one of +可数名词复数之一,其中之一二语法：冠词a,an, 与 the的用法不定冠词 a/an 的用法主要有：1. 泛指 表示 某一个 ,用于可数名词单数前；如：We need a rent to live in. 2与可数名词单数连用,表示类别；如：1) Im a student.是同学而不是其他人； 2) An elephant is much bigger than a tiger.3在某些词组中,代替介词p

3、er ,作“每一”讲；如：twice a day, 5 dollars a kilo I play puter games once a week.留意: a /an的区分a用在辅音开头的单词前： a cat, a useful bookan用在元音发音的单词前： an English book, an interesting story, an honest boy, an important party, an ugly man定冠词 the 的用法主要有：1. 表示特指某人或某物；如：The notebook on the desk is mine. Beijing is the cap

4、ital of China.2. 表示上文提过的人或事物；如：There is a cat under the chair. The cat is black and white.3. 表示世界上独一无二的东西；如：the earth, the sun4. 用于说话双方都知道的名词前；如：Lets go for a picnic, shall we.5. 用在作定语的序数词前；如：She is always the first person to e and the last one to leave.6. 用在形容词前表示一类人；如：the rich, the old, the sick,

5、the deaf7. 用在乐器名称前；如：play the violinguitar, piano 8. 用在表示“姓”的复数名词前,表示一家人或夫妇二人；如：The Whites are on their holiday in Canada.9. 用在由一般名词构成表示场所的专出名词前；如：the Peoples Park, the Golden Gate Bridge10. 在最高级、序数词及next , last , same等词前常用定冠词；如： The last one is the most important one.不用冠词的情形 零冠词的用法 主要有：1. 在物质名词或抽象名

6、词前；如： Water and air are important to us. Wisdom is better than strength.2. 名词前面已有作定语用的this, that, these,those, my, your, some, any等代词的情形下；如：I want this car, not that car. There is some water in the cup.3. 在季节、月份、日期、星期、节日前；如：There are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. School begins on

7、September 1.March 8th is Womens Day.特例： 1 中国的传统节日要加 the ；如： the Spring Festival4. 在一日三餐、球类运动和学科名词前；如：I have breakfast at six in the morning. They play football every day.He prefers science to physics.特例：当表示三餐的名词前有定语修饰时,要加不定冠词；如：They had a good dinner yesterday.5. 在学科前不加冠词；如：I am good at maths and hi

8、story.6. 在“专出名词 +一般名词”构成的表示街道、广场、公园、桥梁等名词前；国名和地名人名前通常也不加冠词；如： Zhongshan Road, Tiananmen Square； China, Shenzhen, Tom7. 表示使用某种交通手段时,名词前不用冠词；如：I usually go to my office by bus.配套练习1. There will beinteresting TV program tomorrow evening.A. aB. anC. theD. some2. I have never seenUFO insky.A. a , theB. a

9、n , theC. a, aD. the, a3. - Have you seenumbrella here.- You meanblack one. It was here just now.A. an; theB. the; aC. an; aD. the; the4 .Biology isscience oflife./A.C./;B. /; the; the The;the;/;/D. The; /; the5. The boy wrote“l ” and“ u” on the blackboard.A. a; anB. an; anC. a; aD. an; a6. Now he i

10、sartist . I have known him since he wasone-year-old boy.A. a; anB. a; aC. an; anD. an; a7. Christmas Day of the western countries falls beforeSpring Festival of China.A. /; theB. the ; /C. /;/D. The ; the8. Today is myhappiest day because I wonfirst prize in the match.A. the ; theB. /; theC. the ; /

11、D. /;/9.Changjiang River islongest river in China.A. The ; theB. The ; /C. / ; theD. / ;/Chapter 2 Protecting our environment一课文重点词语与短语be interested in sth对感爱好of course当然begin to do sth开头做某事each other相互pass sth to sb =pass sb sth传递某物给某人 municate with sb和某人沟通taste尝起来后跟形容词作表语be in danger境况危急collect st

12、amps搜集邮票enjoy doing 喜爱做enjoy oneself玩得高兴thank sb for sth /doing sth感谢某人做某事make sb/sth +动词原形使做in order of以的次序类似 inrerested与 interesting的形容词： excited/exciting,tired/tiring,surprised/suprising, bored/ boring通常以 -ed 结尾的形容词含被动意义,表示人感到;以-ing结尾的形容词汗主动意义,表示使人,令人 .二.语法：现在进行时态结构beam/is/are+动词 ing 现在分语 构成谓语be

13、是助动词,帮忙构成时态、语态及语气、否定句和疑问句动词 ing 现在分词的变化规章：1）动词 +ing ： do-doing teach-teaching；2）以一个元音字母 +一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词,双写辅音字母再+ing ： put-putting； 3）以字母 e 结尾的,去掉 e 再+ing ： make-making take-taking； 4）单词以辅音字母加 ie 结尾,去 -ie变 y,再加 -ing.如 die 死亡 -dying; tie tying留意：表状态、感觉、心情、精神活动的动词不行用于进行时,如：believe（信任）,doubt （怀疑）,hear ,k

14、now,understand ,belong （属于）,think （认为）,look （看起来）, show,mind, have,sound（听起来）, taste （尝起来）, care ,like , hate ,love ,例如： Danny: The doorbell is ringing. May:Iknow. Ihear it.某些趋向动词的现在进行时可表示将来：I m ing.我这就来；I m going/leaving.我这就走；同步练习 1. Listen. Whoin the room. Let s go and see.A. is cryingB. cryingC.

15、cryD. cries 2 . we can get some useful thingstrees.A .toB .forC. withD. from 3 .You must thank the girlstheir help.A. forB. toC. onD. about 4. We planttrees in our school every year.A . a lot B. a lot ofC. a lots ofD much 5.Jim and his teacherover there.A. is talkB. are talkC. is talkingD. are talki

16、ng 6“ Don t always make Timthis or that. He is a big boy now.” Mrs Bush said.A. doingB. doC. doesD. to do 7 What is the boy doing. He sa book.A. seeingB. readingC. looking atD. watching 8 Mr. Smithto visit Beijing in two days.A. eB. cameC. esD. is ing 9. I think English isthan Math.A. interestingerB

17、. moreinterestingC. mostinterestingD. moreinterestinger 10 Wea picnic next week.A. will haveB. haveC. havingD. had 11. Therea football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow morning.A. hasB. is going to beC. will haveD has been 12. It s a big housea garden in front of it.A. inB. haveC. forD. with13

18、 Will you pass that bookme.A. toB. forC. fromD. at14 Rose never municatesothers.A. toB. forC. withD. at 15. Do you know what these books are useful.A. toB. forC. withD. at 16. Trees are our best fighterspollution.A. forB. withC. onD. againstChpater 3一课文重点词语与短语look up查阅human beings人类an amusement park

19、游乐园buy sb sth = buy sth for sb给某人买某物 all year round全年some others 一些另一些as as像一样die out灭亡learn about sth from从明白某事be born诞生after leaving school毕业后deliver mail送邮件at the same timebe based on以为基础more than数量多于同时二.语法1 指示代词this , that , these , those 四个词都是指示代词,分别表示“这个”,“那个”,“这些”,“那些”；从中文释义上我们也能看出,它们之间是有差别的；

20、那么,我们就来讲一讲,指示代词this ,that ,these , those 的详细用法；（1） this用来指离说话者位置近的人或者物,以准时间上较近的场合；如：This is my mother.这是我妈妈；（2） that用来指在空间或时间上离的较远的人、物和场合；如：That is his father.那是我爸爸；（ 3）these 是 this的复数形式, those 是 that的复数形式； this , that和 is连用,而 these , tho se 和 are连用； this is, these are , those are不存在缩写形式,只有that is有缩

21、写形式,即 thats；如：These are my friends. Those are their aunts.Thats his father. = That is his father.指示代词的陈述句形式我们已经明白了,那么,怎样将它们改成一般疑问句呢？我们都知道, 由陈述句转换为一般疑问句时, 直接将 be 动词提前到句首, 把第一人称转换为其次人称, 回答用 yes 或 no；而在回答主语为this ,that ,these ,those 的疑问句时,问句中的this ,that在答语中要用 it替代, these ,those 要用 they 替代；如： Is this his

22、 father. Yes, it is. / No, it isnt. Are these your friends. Yes, they are. / No, they arent.留意：指示代词所指的事物其次次提到时,通常也是用it代替 this和 that ,用 they代替 these和 those ；What is this？It is a bird.（4）this,that,those和 these 加名词构成一些常用短语,表示时间,指现在或过去；this morning今日早晨this spring今年春天that morning那天早晨these days这些天2 可数名词与不

23、行数名词一般名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数运算的,这类名词叫可数名词； 可数名词分为个体名词 表示某类人或事物中的个体,如worker, farmer, desk, factory等 和集体名词 表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物,如 people,family等 ；假如一般名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来运算的,这类名词就叫不行数名词； 不行数名词分为物质名词 表示无法分为个体的物质, 如 meat, rice,water,milk,orange 等 和抽象名词 表示动作、状态、情形、品质等抽象概念,如work, homework, time,health,friendship 等 ；可

24、数名词有单数和复数两种形式；指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式；（1） 可数名词表示复数意义时,可用some/ many/lots of/ a lot of / a few/ few/修饰： many bananas , a few pens（2） 不行数名词可以用 some/ much/ lots of/ a lot of / a little/ little修饰： much meat , a little bread可数名词单数变复数规章变化：(1) 一般情形在词尾加 -smap-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days(2)

25、 以 s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加 -esclass-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes(3) 以-f或-fe 结尾的词变-f和-fe为 v 再加 -esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives加-sbelief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs(4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词,变 y 为 i 加-es party-parties, family-f

26、amilies, story-stories, city-cities(5) 以元音字母加 y 结尾的名词,或专出名词以y 结尾的,加 -stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys(6) 以辅音字母加 -o 结尾的名词一般加 -eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes不少外来词加 -spiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos(7) 以元音字母加 -o 结尾的名词加

27、-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos(8) 除人民币元、角、格外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式；例： a dollar, two dollars;不规章名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规章的,现归纳如下：1 转变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2 单复数相同sheep, deer, fish, yuan, jin, Swiss, Chinese, Japanese 3 只有复数形式trousers, clothes, thanks,

28、goods, glasses 4 一些集体名词总是用作复数people, police, cattle留意:记住一些特别的名词的变化形式,如： Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen Russian-Russians American-AmericansGerman - Germans child-children foot-feetman-men woman-women tooth-teeth goose - geese deer-deer sheep-sheep同步练习一.挑选填

29、空1.-Would you like some tea . -Yes, just.A. a littleB. a fewC. a little ofD. much2. - Our new China s full name is the People s Republic of China.- Yes, it wason October 1, 1949.A. foundB. foundedC. foundingD. finding 3. - What is the story about.- It is a detective story and isa real story.A. e fro

30、mB. based onC. based toD. bases on 4. - How manyare there on the table. - There are.A. glass of water / twoB. carton of milk / tenC. baskets of oranges / twoD. bottles of oranges / ten 5. - What do you usually do in the morning.- We often haveseven in the morning.A. breakfastB. lunch atC. supperD. b

31、reakfast at 6. I am thirsty. Would you bring me, please.A. some breadB. some teaC. any waterD. some eggs 7-What sin English.-a pair of glasses.Athis - ItsB、this - ThatCthis - ItD that - That s 8Guo boughtin the shop last week.A. a lot of bread and a jar of jamsB. a lot of breads and two jars of jamC

32、. a lot of bread and a jar jamD. a lot of bread and two jars of jam 9.Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well .A. ThousandB. ThousandsC. Thousand ofD. Thousands of10.“ Whats thetoday .”- “ It s June 26.”A. dayB. dateC. timeD. hour11. - Hello. Who is. -is Mary speaking.A. that / ThatB. tha

33、t / ThisC. this / ThisD. these / Those 12. They arefrom America.A. woman doctorsB. women doctor C. women doctorD. women doctors13. Tom always stays at home foron Sunday.A. one and half hourB. one and a half hourC. one half an hourD. one and a half hours14, - Can I help you. - Yes, I want 2 kilograms

34、 ofand some A. beef / eggB. egg / beefC. beef / eggsD. an egg / beef 15. How manyare there in these.A. tomato / photoB. tomatoes / photoesC. tomatos / photosD. tomatoes / photos说明句子 对划线部分说明 .1. Mickey Mouse es from a real mouse.Mickey Mouse a real mouse.2. Dinosaurs all became dead suddenly. Dinosau

35、rs suddenly.3. I am doing my homework while my dad is watching TV.I am doing my homework. , my dad is watching TV.4. When did Disney start the famous Disneyland.When did Disneythe famous Disneyland.5. Dinosaurs existed on Earth more than sixty million years. Dinosaurson Earth more than sixty million

36、 years.6. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.Some dinosaurs were chickens.完形填空Walt Disney, the great film maker was born in Chicago 11901. Disney s wish was to be a famous 2. He took some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job. However, he had no3. They looked at his picturesand said,“ S

37、orry,young man. Wedont thinkthereisanything of interest in your pictures.”Disney s 4triedto encourage 勉励 him. They said,“ Dont worry,Walt.Welikeyour 5. Weare sure you willbe well-knownas 6beforelong. ” Hisfamilywas poor and he 7sit in the familygarage and draw picturesthere.One day a mouse came and

38、played on the floor.Disney stopped 8and watched the mouse. The mouse was 9, so he gave the mouse a piece of bread. Then the mouse came and sat on his desk. 10the mouse came back and was given more bread.In this way the artist and his mouse became good friends.1. A. inB. forC. onD. at2. A. workerB. a

39、rtistC. drawerD. teacher3. A. hopeB. worryC. luckD. chance4. A. fatherB. motherC. friendsD. parent5. A. picturesB. mouseC. cartoonsD. mails6. A. a makerB. a film starC. an artistD. Disneyland7. A. likesB. used toC. was used toD. often8. A. readingB. listeningC. talkingD. drawing9. A. goodB. badC. ug

40、lyD. gentle10.A. Day after dayB. Long time agoC. One by oneD. Before longChapter 4一 重点词汇和短语1. sense 感官2.balance平稳3.tongue舌头4.blind盲的；瞎的5.book 预定6.allow答应进入7.lead带路；带领8. exit出口9. describe描述10.lie躺11.dead 失灵的；不转运的12.seem似 乎13.convenient便利的14.陷；残疾mind 留意15 almost几乎 16.disability缺短语1.find out找出2.matchwi

41、th 使.和.相配3.keep balance保持平稳4.fall down跌倒；摔倒5.stop doing sth停止做某事6. stop to work停下某事而去工作 7.belongto 属于8.reception desk接待处,服务台9. walk into走进10.book a room定房11.allow sb to do sth答应某人做某事12.lead sb to sp领某人去某地13.the location of的位置14.safety first安全第一15.describe sth to sb向某人描述16.be asleep在睡觉17.save one s l

42、ife救了某人的生命18.seem like看起来象,好像19.the sound of sth的声音20.be against sth反对 21.seconds later不久,很快22.show up= appear显现23. fire alarm火警警报24.go off突然发出响声25.look out/watch out当心26 have a cold患感冒27.hear sb doing sth听见某人正在做某事28. belong to属于29. a blind man盲人30. lile on the floor躺在地上二 语法： 人称代词；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词；反

43、身代词【用法】人称代词分为和两种形式；主格通常做, 放在谓语动词；宾格通常做,放在谓语动词和介词；单数复数1.2.3.4.5.6.7. 我 am a teacher.My father is talking with我. 他 often plays basketball after school. 他的 teacher is good. 我们 will buy a pair of shoes for Please pass我们 the ball. 他们 are listening to the radio.他.Task2 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词；【用法】形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,放在 前；名词性物主代词后面就不能再跟名词；人称形容词性物主代词第一人称其次人称第三人称my名词性物主代词mine1.2.3.4.This is我的 book. That is 他的 chair is blue. 我们的 classroom is big.他的 .我们的 is yellow.你们的 is small. 他的 teacher is good.她的 is good too