2022年小学英语语法要点总结及习题.docx

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1、学校英语语法要点总结及习题一、名词复数规章1. 一般情形下,直接加-s ,如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2. 以 s. x. sh. ch结尾,力口 -es ,如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3. 以 辅音字母 +y”结尾,变 y 为 i,再加-es ,如： family-families,4. 以“ f 或 fe ”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加 -es ,如： knife-knives5. 不规章名词复数：man-men, woman-women, po

2、liceman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child- childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, , sheep sheep,deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese精选资料,欢迎下载写出以下 各词 的复数I him this herwatch_ child photo book diaryday foot dress tooth_sheep_box strawberrythief yo-yo peach sandwich _man wo

3、man _ 般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【 No. 1 】一般现在时的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特点、状态；如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的；2. 表示常常性或习惯性的动作；如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床；3. 表示客观现实；如： The earth goes around the sun.地球围着太阳转； 一般现在时的构成1. be 动词：主语 +beam,is,are+其它；如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩；2. 行为动词：主语 +行为动词 + 其它 ；如： We study English.我们学习英语；当主语为第三人称单数

4、 he, she,it时,要在动词后加 -s 或-es ；如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语；一般现在时的变化1. be 动词的变化 ； 否定句：主语 + be + not +其它；如： He is not a worker.他不是工人； 一般疑问句 ： Be + 主语+其它？ 如： -Are you a student. -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特别疑问句 ：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如： Where is my bike.2. 行为动词的变化；否定句 ：主语 + dont doesnt +动词原形 + 其它 ；如：I dont like brea

5、d.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt 构成否定句；如： He doesnt often play.一般疑问句 ： Do Does +主语 +动词原形 +其它；如：- Do you often play football.- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does 构成一般疑问句；如：- Does she go to work by bike.- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特别疑问句 ：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如： How does your father go to work.动词+s 的变化规章1. 一

6、般情形下,直接加-s ,如： cook-cooks, milk-milks2. 以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加 -es ,如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3. 以 辅音字母 +y”结尾,变 y 为 i,再加-es ,如： study-studies 留意：辅音字母是指除了元音字母a、e、i 、o、u 五个以外的字母； 4. 不规章变化,如：have has一般现在时用法专练 :一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数drinklook come go stay make have watch pass plant _c

7、arry _ fly study_brush doteach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空；1. He often have dinner at home.2. Mike and Tombe in Class One.3. Wenot watch TV on Monday.4. Nicknot go to the zoo on Sunday.5. _they_like the World Cup.6. Whatthey oftendo on Saturdays.7. _your parents read newspapers every day.8. The girl teach us En

8、glish on Sundays.9. She and I_take a walk together every evening.10. There _be some water in the bottle.11. Mike like cooking.12. Theyhave the same hobby.13. My auntlook after her baby carefully.14. You alwaysdo your homework well.15. Ibe ill. I m staying in bed.16. Shego to school from Monday to Fr

9、iday.17. Liu Tao do not like PE.18. The child often watch TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yanghave eight lessons this term.20. What daybe it today.It s Saturday.三、根据要求改写句子1. Tom watches TV every evenin g.改为否定句 ）2. I do my homework every day.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答）3. She likes milk.（改为一般疑冋句,作肯疋回答）4. Amy l

10、ikes playi ng computergames.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答5. We go to school every mornin g.改为否定句 ）6. He speaks En glish very well.改为否定句 ）7. I like tak ing photos in the park.对划线部分提问 ）8. John comes from Canada.对划线部分提问 9. She is always a good stude nt.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答）10.Tom and Mike like going skati ng.改为否定句 ）五、改错 （划出错

11、误的地方,将正确的写在横线上）1. Is your brother speak En glish. 2. Does he likes going fish ing. 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us En glish. 5. She don do her homework on Sun days. 三、现在进行时1 .现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作；2.现在进行时的确定句基本结构为be+ 动词 ing. 3 . 现在进行时的否定句在be 后加 not ；4.

12、 现在进行时的一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首；5. 现在进行时的特别疑问句的基本结构为： 特别疑问词 + be + 主语+动词 ing.但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 特别疑问词 + be + 动词 ing.动词加 ing 的变化规章1. 一般情形下,直接加 ing ,如： cook-cooking2. 以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing ,如:make-making, taste-tasting3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这一字母,再加run-running, stop-stopp ing,swim-swim ming .ing ；如:现在进行时专项练习 :

13、一、写出以下动词的现在分词 :play go read putliverun likehavesee takeswim writesingbuy comemakeskidancelovegetstopsitbeginshop、 用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1. The boy drawa picture now.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.Listen .Some girls singin the classroom .My mother cook some n ice food now.What you _ do now.Look . They have an En glish less o

14、n .They _ not ,water the flowers now.Look. the girls dance in the classroom .What is our granddaughter doing. Shelisten to music.9. It 5 o lock now. Wehavesupper now10. _Helenwash clothes. Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doi ng housework .分别改成一般疑问句和否定句2.classroom .The students are cleaning the改一般疑问句

15、并作确定和否定回答3. _ playground . _ I m playing the football in the对划线部分进行提问 4.Tom is reading books in his study .对划线部分进行提问 四、将来时理论及练习一、 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事；句中一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next day（ week, mon th, year）,so on, the day after tomorrow（后天）等；二、 基本结构： be going to + do（ 原形）； will+ do （ 原形）.三、 否

16、定句：在 be 动词（ am, is, are）后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 简写成 won t ； 例如： I m going to have a picnic this after noon.I m not going to have a picnic this after noon.四、 一般疑问句：be 或 will 提到句首, some 改为 any, and 改为 or, 第一二人称互换；例如： Weare going to play football this weekend. Are you going to play football this weeke

17、 nd.五、对划线部分提问；1. 问人； Who 例如： I m going to New York soon.Whd s going to New York soon.2. 问干什么 3. 问时间 4问地点等 略六、同义句： be going to+ do原形 = will+ do原形 I am going to go swimming tomorrow 明天. = I will go swimming tomorrow.练习： 填空；1. 我准备明天和伴侣去野炊；I_ have a picnic with my friends.Ihave a picnic with my friends.

18、2. 下个星期一你准备去干嘛. 我想去打篮球；What play basketball._ next Monday. I What you do next Monday. Iplay basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是,她要去买一些水果； your mother_go shopping this.Yes, she_ . She _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们准备什么时候见面；What time_ 改句子；you meet.5. Nancy is going to go camping. 改否定Nancy g o i n g to go camping.6.

19、 Ill go and join them. 改否定Igojoin them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. 改一般疑问句 to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school. she改一般疑问句）（对划线部分提问）after school.10. My father and mother aregoing

20、to see a play the day after tomorrow.上g o i n g to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空；11. Today is a sunny day. Wehave a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother go to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often_ go to school on foot.Buttoday is rain.He go to school by bike.14. What do you usually doat

21、weekends. I usually _ catch insects.15. It s Friday today.What she watch TV and _catch insects. watch TVanddothis weekend.She16. What d0 you do last Sunday. Ipick apples on afarm. Whatdo next Sunday. I 17. Mary _visit her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _fly kites in the playground yesterday.milk

22、cows.19. Davidgive a puppet show next Monday.20. Iplan for my study now五、一般过去时1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时也表示过去常常或反复发生的动作感谢；2. Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was ； was not=wasntare 在一般过去时中变为were ； were not=werent带有 was 或 were 的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在 was 或 were 后加not ,般

23、疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首；3. 句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didn t + 动词原形,如： Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did , 句子中的动词过去式变回原形；如： Did Jim go home yesterday.特别疑问句：疑问词+did+ 主语+动词原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday.疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？ 如： Who went to home yesterday.动词过去式变化规章：1.一般在动词末尾加 -ed ,如： pull-pulled, coo

24、k-cooked 2 . 结尾是 e 力口 d,如： taste-tasted3. 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed ,如： stop-stopped4. 以 辅音字母 +y”结尾的,变 y 为 i ,再加-ed ,如： study-studied5. 不规章动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, pu

25、t-put, make-made,read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim- swam, sit-sat过去时练习写出以下动词的过去式isam drink flyplant_ play _go _ are make does taste dance eat worry draw ask put throw _kickpassdo_ Be 动词的过去时练习（ 1）一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. Iat school just now.

26、2. Heat the camp last week.3. Westudents two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. Therean apple on the plate yesterday.7. Theresome milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phoneon the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定

27、回答： 2. All the students were very excited.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 3. They were in his pocket.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： Be 动词的过去时练习（2）一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. Ian English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this

28、year.6. Look, there_lots of grapes here.7. Todaythe second of June. Yesterdaythe first of June. It Children s Day. All the students very excited.二、句型转换1.There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 肯、否定回答： 三、中译英1. 我的故事书刚才仍在手表旁边；2. 他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧房里了；3. 一会以前花园里有两只小鸟；行为动词的过去时练习 1一、用

29、行为动词的适当形式填空1. He _live in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cateat a bird last night.3. Wehave a party last Halloween.4. Nancypick up oranges on the farm last week.5. I 6. They7. My mothermake a model ship with Mike yesterday.play chess in the classroom last PE lesson. cook a nice food last Spring Festival.

30、8. The girlssing anddance at the party.二、句型转换1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 2. Nancy went to school early.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 3. We sang some English songs.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 行为动词的过去时练习 2一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. Iwatch a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her fatherread a newspaper

31、last night.3. Weto zoo yesterday, we to the park. go4. you visit your relatives last Spring Festival.5. hefly a kite on Sunday. Yes, he_.6. Gao Shanpull up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I sweep the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. Whatshefind in the garden last morning. She a beautiful butterfly.二、句型转换1. They played football in the playground.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 三、中译英1. 格林先生去年住在中国；find