2022年常见动词不定式词组句型用法总结 .docx

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1、常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结. 固定用法 非谓语动词 ：以下是带 to 的动词不定式常见搭配期望做某事hope to do sth. 打算做某事decide to do sth同意做某事 agree to do sth.需要某人做某事need to do sth.使用某物做某事use sth to do sth迫不及待做某事cant wait to do预备做某事 get/be ready to do尽力 / 努力做某事try to do sth 方案做某事 plan to do sth.期望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.轮番做某事 take ones turns to

2、do sth.拒绝做某事 refuse to do sth.告知某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth.不得不 have to do同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth.教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.宠爱 / 想要某人做某事like sb. to do sth. encourage sb to do勉励某人做帮忙某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.doits ones turn to do sth.

3、轮到某人做某事例:it your turn to clean the blackboard.its timefor sb. to do sth.是某人做某事时候了例:its time for me to go home.its +adj. for/of sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是 例: it is easy for me to learn it well. it is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.it takes sb. sometime to do sth.某人做某事花了某时间例句: 1.it takes me an h

4、our to get to school by bike. 2.it took me an hour to watch tv last night. 3.it will take her two weeks to finish the work.too+adj./adv. to do sth.太. 而不能例: he was to angry to say a word.find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.发觉 / 认为 / 感到做某事是 i find/think/feel it hard to learn english well.序数词 +to do第. 个

5、做某事 例句 :who is the first to get there.我不知 / 遗忘了怎么办； i didnt know/forgot what to do.离开房间时不要遗忘/ 记住关灯例句:dont forget/remember to turn off the lights when you left the roombe+adj+to do sth例句 :i am very sorry to hear that. i am ready to help others. i am happy / pleased / glad to meet you.顺口溜：本事最多不定式,主表定补

6、宾和状；样样成分都能干,只有谓语它不敢；大家千万要小心,有时它把句型改；作主语时用it ,自己在后把身藏；七个感官三使役,宾补要把to 甩开； 疑问词后接上它,宾语从句可充当；规律主语不定式,不定式前加for sb.； to 前 not是否定, 各种用法区分开；以下是不带to 的动词不定式 即动词原形 的常见用法 let sb. do sth让某人做某事 make do sth使得某人做某事 hear do sth do sth听见某人做某事 see do sth do sth观察某人做某事why not/why dont you +动原？为什么不 .why not/why dont you

7、take a walk. 某人 +had better notdo某人最好 不 做某事情态动词can/may /must /should+动词原（包括情态动词的否定形式+ 动词原形） 助动词 do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即dont /doesnt /didnt/will not /would not+动词原形 be going to +动词原形（表示 “即将 ”“准备 ” 做某事）使用 -ing分词的几种情形1. 在进行时态中； he is watching tv. they were dancing at nine oclock last night

8、.2. 在 there be结构中；如： there is a boy swimming in the river.3. 在 have fun/problems结构中；如： we have fun learning english this term. they had problems getting to the top of the mountain.4. 在介词后面；如： thanks for helping me. are you good at playing basketball？what /how about doing sth.做某事怎么样 . i am interested

9、 in playing football.5. 在以下结构中1. enjoy doing sth宠爱做某事；2. finish doing sth； 完成做某事；3.feel like doing sth想要做某事；4. stop doing sth停止做某事（原先的事）5.forget doing sth遗忘做过某事6. go on doing sth连续做某事（原先的事）； 7.remember doing sth记得做过某事8. like doing sth宠爱做某事；9.find /see/hear/watch sb doing发觉 / 看到 / 听到 / 观看某人做10. try d

10、oing sth试图做某事；11. need doing sth需要做某事；12. prefer doing sth宁愿做某事；13.mind doing sth介意做某事；14. miss doing sth错过做某事；15.practice doing sth练习做某事；16. be busy doing sth忙于做某事； 17.cant help doing sth禁不住做某事；18.waste time/money doing铺张时间 / 钱做 ; 19.keep sb.doing让始终 / 始终做 20. stop sb.fromdoing阻挡某人做某事21. prefer doi

11、ng a to doing b=like a better than b宠爱做 b 更宠爱做 a22. “ do some+doing”短 语如 ： dosomeshopping/dosomewashing/dosome reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking23 “ go doing”短语去做某事（主要指文娱活动等）如：goshopping/gofishing/goswimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪 /go boating /go hunt

12、ing 打猎 . 注 意 动 词 的 过 去 分 词 的 常 见 搭 配 :ifeelam/wasexcited/surprised/amazed/interested /tired/pleased/worried/lost keep closed/ a boy called/named tom动词不定式的语法功能一、作宾语1动词 +不定式afford. aim. appear. agree. arrange . ask . be . decide. bother . care . choose . come. dare. demand. desire. determine . expect.

13、 elect . endeavor .hope. fail . happen .help . hesitate .learn . long . mean. manage . offer . ought. plan . prepare. pretend . promise. refuse. seem. tend. wait . wish. undertake.举例：the driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能准时观察另一辆车；i happen to know the answer to your question.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答

14、案；2 ）动词 + 不定式 ；动词 + 宾语 + 不定式ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wishi like to keep everything tidy.我宠爱每件东西都保持洁净；i like you to keep everything tidy.我宠爱你使每件东西都保持洁净；i want to speak to tom.我想和汤姆谈话；i want you to speak to tom.我想让你和汤姆谈话；3 ） 动词 + 疑问词

15、 + todecide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear , find out, explain, tellplease show us how to do that.请演示给我们如何去做；there are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that i cant make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定想法买哪一种；留意: 疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数；the qu

16、estion is how to put it into practice.问题是怎样把它付诸实施；4) 以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语；如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,lean,long,ma nage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等,这些词大部分可接th at引导的从句；如：i decided to ask for my money back.i decided that i would ask for my money ba

17、ck.when our visit to the farm was over,we expected to startback on foot.when our visit to the farm was over, we expected that wewould start back on foot.5) 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it 代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即： 主语动 词 it 补语 to do句式；如：we think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well. he feels i

18、t his duty to help the poor.二、作补语1) 动词 + 宾语+ 不定式 to doadviseallowappointbelievecausechallengecommandcompelconsiderdeclare drive enable encourage find forbid forceguess hire imagine impel induce informinstruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request requireselect send state

19、 suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn例句：a. father will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍；b. we believe him to be guilty.我们信任他是有罪的；find的特别用法：find后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最终加带to的动词不定式；find后也可带一个从句；此类动词仍有get , have ；i found him lying on the ground. i found it important to lear

20、n.i found that to learn english is important.2) to + be的不定式结构,作补语的动词；acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare声称 , discover, fancy设想 , feel find, guess,judge,imagine,know,prove,see 理 解 ,show,suppose,take以 为 , understandwe consider tom to be one of the best students in our class.我们认为汤姆是班上最好的同学之一

21、；3) to be +形容词seem,appear,besaid,besupposed,bebelieved,bethought,beknown,be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, meanthe book is believed to be uninteresting.人们认为这本书没什么意思；4) there be+不定式believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstandwe didnt expect there to be s

22、o many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里；有些动词需用 as短语做补语,如regard, think believe, take, consider.we regard tom as our best teacher.我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师；mary took him as her father .玛丽把他当作自己的父亲；三、作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种：(1) 把不定式置于句首；如：to get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2) 用 it 作形式主语,把真正的主语不定

23、式置于句后,常用于以下句式中；如：it be 名词 to doits our duty to take good care of the old.it takes sb+some time+to dohow long did it take you to finish the work.it be 形容词 for sb to doit is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour.it be 形容词 of sb to doit is stupid of you to write down

24、 everything the teachersays八年级上英语语法点滴1. 用于表示 “应当 ”或“不应当 ”的概念；此常常指长辈教诲或批评晚辈；例如：you should be here with clean hands.你应当把手洗洁净了再来；2. 用于提出看法劝导别人；例如：you should go to the doctor if you feel ill.假如你感觉不舒适,你最好去看医生；3. 用于表示可能性； should的这一用法是考试中常常显现的考点之一；例如：3) what.与 which.1. what与 which都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询

25、问职业；如：what is your father.你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于：what does your father do. what is your fathers job.which指代的是特定范畴内的某一个人；如：-which is peter.哪个是皮特？-the boy behind mary.玛丽背后的那个男孩；2. what.是泛指,所指的事物没有范畴的限制；而which.是特指,所指的事物有范畴的限制；which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow.（有特定的范畴）你最宠爱哪一种颜色？3. what与 which

26、后都可以接单、复数名词和不行数名词；4) 频度副词的位置1. 常见的频度副词有以下这些： always（总是,始终） usually（通常）often （常常,常常） sometimes（有时候） never （从不）2. 频度副词的位置：a. 放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面；如：b. 放在行为动词前；c. 有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调；如： sometimes i walk home, sometime i rides a bike.有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车；3. never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装；如：1. every day作状语,译为 “每一天 ”；如：

27、we go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天 7 ： 10 去上学；i decide to read english every day.我打算每天读英语；2. everyday作定语,译为 “日常的 ”；6) 什么是助动词1. 帮助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（auxiliaryverb ）；被帮助的动词称作主要动词（ main verb）；助动词自身没有词义,不行单独使用,例如：he doesnt like english.他不宠爱英语；（doesnt是助动词,无词义；like是主要动词,有词义）2. 助动词帮助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来：a.

28、表示时态,例如：he is singing.他在唱歌；he has got married.他已结婚；b. 表示语态,c.构成疑问句,例如：do you like college life.你宠爱高校生活吗？did you study english before you came here.你来这儿之前学过英语吗？d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如：i dont like him.我不宠爱他；e. 加强语气,例如：do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上肯定来参与晚会；he did know that.他的确知道那件事；3. 最常用的助动

29、词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would7) forget doing/to do与 remember doing/to do 1.forget to do遗忘要去做某事； 未做 forget doing遗忘做过某事； 已做 the light in the office is still on. he forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯仍在亮着,它遗忘关了； 没有做关灯的动作 he forgot turning the light off.他遗忘他已经关了灯了；已做过关灯的动作 dont forget to come tomo

30、rrow.别忘了明天来；to come动作未做 典型例题- the light in the office is still on.- oh, i forgot.a. turning it off b. turn it offc. to turn it off d. having turned it off答案：c ；由 the light is still on可知灯亮着, 即关灯的动作没有发生, 因此用 forget to do sth. 而 forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了,而自己遗忘了这一事实；此处不符合题意； 2.remember to do记得去做某事 未做 rem

31、ember doing记得做过某事 已做 8) its for sb.和 its of sb. 2.such与不定冠词 a 、an 连用,结构为 “ such+a/an+形容词 +名词 ”；如：it is such a nice day.that was such an interesting story.115. 在以下结构中：enjoy doing sth乐于做某事finish doing sth完成做某事feel like doing sth想要做某事stop doing sth停止做某事forget doing sth遗忘做过某事go on doing sth连续做某事remember

32、 doing sth记得做过某事like doing sth宠爱做某事keep sb doing sth使某人始终做某事find sb doing sth发觉某人做某事see/hear/watch sb doing sth看到 / 听到 / 观看某人做某事try doing sth试图做某事 need doing sth需要做某事prefer doing sth宁愿做某事mind doing sth介意做某事practice doing sth练习做某事be busy doing sth忙于做某事cant help doing sth禁不住做某事miss doing sth错过做某事12英语中

33、的 “单数 ”1. 主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“ he,she , it he, she, it代”替的；如：my friend, his teacher, our classroom, tom, marys uncle2. 名词有单数名词和复数名词；如：man （单数） -men（复数） banana（单数） -bananas（复数）5. 表示 “某国人 ”的单、复数变化；即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s 加后面 ”；如：chinese-chinese japanese-japanese swiss-swissenglishman-englishmen frenchman-french

34、men american-americans australian-australians canadian-canadians korean-koreansrussian-russians indian-indians6. 其它；如：14) 双写最终一个字母的-ing分词15) 确定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词1.some变为 any ；但是,如在表示请邀请、恳求的句子中,some可以不变；如：would you like some orange juice.与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化；3. 留意区分以下的in 的用法；ill vis

35、it him in a week.一周后我会去拜望他；ill visit him twice in a week.一周内我会去拜望他两次；17不定冠词 a 与 an 的使用1.a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；如：there is a b in the word book.finish doing sth； 完成做某事；3.feel like doing sth想要做某事；4. stop doing sth停止做某事（原先的事）5.forget doing sth遗忘做过某事6. go on doing sth连续做某事（原先的事）； 7.remember doing sth记得做过某事8. li

36、ke doing sth宠爱做某事；9.find /see/hear/watch sb doing发觉 / 看到 / 听到 / 观看某人做10. try doing sth试图做某事；11. need doing sth需要做某事；12. prefer doing sth宁愿做某事；13.mind doing sth介意做某事；14. miss doing sth错过做某事；15.practice doing sth练习做某事；16. be busy doing sth忙于做某事； 17.cant help doing sth禁不住做某事；18.waste time/money doing铺张

37、时间 / 钱做 ; 19.keep sb.doing让始终 / 始终做 20. stop sb.fromdoing阻挡某人做某事21. prefer doing a to doing b=like a better than b宠爱做 b 更宠爱做 a22. “ do some+doing”短 语如 ： dosomeshopping/dosomewashing/dosome reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking23 “ go doing”短语去做某事（主要指文娱活动等）如：goshopping/gofishin

38、g/goswimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪 /go boating /go hunting 打猎 . 注 意 动 词 的 过 去 分 词 的 常 见 搭 配 :ifeelam/wasexcited/surprised/amazed/interested /tired/pleased/worried/lost keep closed/a boy called/named tom动词不定式的用法比如agree to do sth机没能准时观察另一辆车；i happen to know the answer to your qu

39、estion.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案；2 ）动词 + 不定式 ；动词 + 宾语 + 不定式ask,beg,choose,expect,hate,helpintendlike,love,needwantstobelieve anything but to take the medicine.11 ）当两个或多个不定时短语由连词and , but或 or 连接时,后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略；但如表示对比、对比关系时,就不能省略；he wants to move to france and marry the girl.the purpose of new technologies is

40、to make life easier,not to make it more difficult.12 ）不定式做表语时,一般要带to ,但如主语部分中含有do 的各种形式时,符号to 可省去；weve missed the last bus.all we could do now is walk home.动词不定式的否定式tell him not to shut the windowshe pretended not to see me when i passed by.我走过的时候,她假装没观察；不定式的特别句型1 、不定式的特别句型so as to1 ） 表示目的；它的否定式是so

41、as not to do；tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job. 汤姆对事故保持缄默是为了不丢掉他的工作；go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.轻点进去,别惊醒了婴儿；2 so kind as to -劳驾would you be so kind as to tell me the time.劳驾,现在几点了；2 、 why not +动词原形 表达向某人提出建议 为什么不 . 干吗不 .例如：why not take a holiday.干吗不去度假 .3 、its

42、for sb.和 its of sb.1 ） forsb.常用于表示事物的特点特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy,hard,difficult, interesting, impossible等：its very hard for him to study two languages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的；2 ）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德, 表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如 good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right；its very nice of you to help me.你来帮忙我,你真是太好了；for与 of的辨别方法：

43、用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子；假如道理上通顺用of ,不通就用 for ；如：you are nice. 通顺,所以应用of ；he is hard. 人是困难的,不通,因此应用for ； 4 、不定式的特别句型too to 1 ） too to 太以至于 he is too excited to speak.他太兴奋了,说不出话来；- can i help you .需要我帮忙吗 .- well, im afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same.不用了；

44、这箱子太重,唯恐你搬不动；感谢您；2) 如在 too前有否定词,就整个句子用否定词表达确定,too后那个词表达一种委婉含义,意 为 不太 ；its never too late to mend. 谚语 改过不嫌晚；3) 当 too前面有 only, all, but时,意思是：特别 等于 very ；im only too pleased to be able to help you.我特别兴奋能帮忙你；he was but too eager to get home.他特别想回家；动词不定式的to 与介词的 to 区分 to有两种用法：一为不定式 + 动词原形；一为介词 + 名词 / 动名词

45、 , to在下面的用法中是其次种,即to+名词 / 动名词：admit to 承认, confess to 承认, be accustomed to 习惯于, be used to 习惯于, stick to 坚持, turn to 开头,着手于, devote oneself to 献身于, be devoted to 致力于, look forward to 希望, pay attention to留意介词 but,except,besides+to dodo在这种句型中,如介词前有动词do ,后面应接不带to 的不定式；如无 do ,就接 to 不定式,即带 do 不带 to , 带 to 不带 do ；如：the enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.on sunday afternoon i had nothing to do but watch tv.动词