前置定语及后置定语.doc

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1、. .一、单个词作定语后置的情况1、以a-开头的表示状态的形容词，一般在句子中当表语成份，但作定语时须后置，类似的形容词有：alive, asleep, alike, alone. awake, aware, ashamed, adrift, ablaze, absent, afraid, available等如：He spoke like a man afraid.他说话的时候像是很害怕似的。Tom was the only boy awake at that tine.那时汤姆是唯一醒着的男孩。The house ablaze is next door to mine.那着火的房子就在我家

2、隔壁。2、局部表示方位、处所、时间副词作定语。如here, there, above, below, upstairs. downstairs.outside, inside, around. today, nearby等常作后置定语。如：A boy outside is waiting for you.People there are very friendly.The man upstairs is making a noise.3、形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置I have something important to tell you.There is nothing serious.

3、There is nobody suitable for the job.4、else只作后置定语，修饰疑问词或不定代词。When else shall we meet again, if Friday is not convenient for you?Ask someone else to help you if David is not free.Who else can we turn to?5、left和remaining都表示有“剩下的的意思，但left只作后置定语。如：There is five minutes left.remaining应作前置定语。如：The lady bo

4、ught a gift for her daughter as a birthday gift with the remaining 30 dollars.6、involved意为“有牵连的，“涉及到的，只作后置定语，如：the problems involved.7、有些词既可作前置定语，也可作后置定语。如：possible, enough, more另外，附加的properI dont have wine enough for five persons at the moment=I dont have enough wine for five persons at the moment.

5、They thought about all the means possible= possible meansToday I will have to write two letters more= two more letters8、有些词既可当作前置定语又可当后置定语，但含义不一样。如：used, concerned, presentAll the people present在场的voted for him.Present situation is serious.目前的，现在的All parties concerned有关的are present.Concerned忧虑的paren

6、ts held a meeting.the method used is very efficient运用的，使用的This is a used bike.旧的二、短语作后置定语。1、介词短语、副词短语、形容词短语等用作后置定语。如The man in the car is Jims father.介词短语He made a report on modern science介词短语A friend in need is a friend indeed介词短语I live in a village far from here副词短语He cast it a second time, and dr

7、ew in an old basket full of sand形容词短语2、不定式用作后置定语。如：Would you like something to drinkWhat do you plan to do in the year to eThe building to be built was designed by Mr Wang. =The building which will be built was designed by Mr Wang.相当一个定语从句3、不定式经常用作一些名词的后置定语，常见的这类名词有way,chance, opportunity, courage,

8、time, week, wish, need, promise, plan, right.如：You have no right to speakIf I have the chance to go abroad Ill never let it go.4、一般来讲，谓语动词能接不定式当宾语，当这类动词转化为名词时，也接不定式当后置定语。如：You promised to write us regularly.不定式当宾语You havent kept your promise to write us regularly.不定式当后置定语He planned to start a pany不定

9、式当宾语He told me his plan to start a pany.不定式当后置定语5、分词作定语。单个分词一般作前置定语，而分词短语作后置定语，此时可以转化相应的定语从句。The old man has a walking stick动名词当定语表示用途Can yon see the falling leaves in the sky.现在分词当定语表示动作进展Deer dont like eating fallen leaves过去分词当定语表示动作完成The man running on the playground is our English teacher.现在分词当后

10、置定语，与被修饰词存在主动关系=The man who is running on the playgroundis our English teacher.Do you know the girl dancing in the center?The food cooked by my mother was delicious.过去分词当后置语与被修饰词存在动作的完成与被动关系=The food which was cooked by my mother was delicious.The building built was designed by Mr Warg.=The building

11、 which was built was designed by Mr Wang.There were over 300 people trapped above the fire.The building being built was designed by Mr Wang.过去分词的进展式作后置定语表示与被修饰词存在动作的被动且正在进展=The building which is being built was designed by Mr Wang.三、从句作定语都是后置.一个句子修饰某个名词或代词，我们称之为定语从句，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句常

12、用逗号隔开，表示补充说明。In the north where it is cold, they grow wheat.I will never forget the day, on which I joined the Party.I know the only route that leads to the top of the mountain.I found some photos of interesting places which were not too far away from Cheng du.The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor. .word.