中考语法总复习---形容词、副词.pptx

《中考语法总复习---形容词、副词.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考语法总复习---形容词、副词.pptx（61页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、考点一：同类考点一：同类形容词词义形容词词义辨析辨析 同类同类形容词词义辨析主要在完形形容词词义辨析主要在完形填空题型填空题型中考查，偶尔中考查，偶尔会在单项填空题型中会在单项填空题型中考查。考查。主要涉及主要涉及人物描述人物描述类和类和物品描述物品描述类类。考生在考生在做做此此类类试题时，首先应读懂句意，抓住题干中的试题时，首先应读懂句意，抓住题干中的关键信息，并分析各选项表达的意思，结合日常生活的常识关键信息，并分析各选项表达的意思，结合日常生活的常识及语境即可选出正确答案。及语境即可选出正确答案。考点二：词义考点二：词义相对类形容词相对类形容词辨析辨析 词义词义相对类形容词辨析主要在完形

2、相对类形容词辨析主要在完形填空题型填空题型中考查，中考查，偶尔会在单项填空题型中偶尔会在单项填空题型中考查。考查。此类考点的试题，选项此类考点的试题，选项的设置中一般有的设置中一般有两两对对词义词义相对类形容词相对类形容词。常根据语境选常根据语境选择最佳答案。择最佳答案。考向考向考点三：同根考点三：同根词词义词词义辨析辨析 同根同根词词义辨析在完形填空题型词词义辨析在完形填空题型中中有有考查。考查。此类考此类考点的试题，选项设置一般是同一个词根，通过给词根点的试题，选项设置一般是同一个词根，通过给词根加加前前/后缀转换成不同的后缀转换成不同的词词。考生在做此类试题时，可以考生在做此类试题时，可

3、以先分析句子结构，然后确定空处所作的成分，再根据各先分析句子结构，然后确定空处所作的成分，再根据各个词性在句子中所作的成分来选择出正确答案。现将初个词性在句子中所作的成分来选择出正确答案。现将初中常见易混同根词列举如下：中常见易混同根词列举如下：1. danger, dangerous, endanger与与endangered单词单词词性词性含义含义dangern.危险危险dangerousadj.危险的危险的endangerv.危及；使遭受危险危及；使遭受危险endangeredadj.濒临灭绝的；濒危的濒临灭绝的；濒危的2. breath, breathe与与breathing单词单词词

4、性词性含义含义breathn.吸气；气息吸气；气息breathev.呼吸；活着呼吸；活着breathingn.呼吸呼吸3. sleep, sleepy与与asleep词汇词汇词性词性 含义含义sleepv.& n.睡觉睡觉sleepyadj.困倦的；瞌睡的困倦的；瞌睡的asleepadj.睡着的睡着的考向考向考点四：形容词考点四：形容词短语短语辨析辨析英语有很多形容词短语，常见的有：英语有很多形容词短语，常见的有：(1) 与与about搭配搭配be worried about 对对担忧担忧be crazy about 对对着迷着迷be sure about 对对有把握有把握be sorry a

5、bout 对对感到遗憾感到遗憾be strict about sth. 对对某事要求严某事要求严格格be careful about 对对小心翼翼小心翼翼be curious about 对对好奇好奇be anxious about 对对感到焦虑感到焦虑(2) 与与at搭配搭配be amused at 以以为乐为乐be annoyed at 对对恼怒恼怒be surprised at 对对感到惊奇感到惊奇be angry at 对对生气生气be good at 在在方面擅长方面擅长(3) 与与for搭配搭配be famous for 因因而著名而著名 get ready for 为为做好准备做

6、好准备be sorry for 为为感到抱歉感到抱歉 be fit/unfit for 适合适合/不适合不适合be good for 对对有好处有好处 be bad for 对对有坏处有坏处be suitable for 适合适合 be thirsty for 渴望渴望(4) 与与in搭配搭配be interested in 对对感兴趣感兴趣 be weak in 在在方面薄弱方面薄弱be different in 在在方面不同方面不同 be rich in 富于富于，盛产盛产 be successful in 在在方面成功方面成功(5) 与与of搭配搭配be proud of 为为感到感到自

7、豪自豪 be afraid of 害怕害怕be full of 充满充满 be tired of 对对厌倦厌倦(6) 与与with搭配搭配be angry with. 生生的的气气be busy with. 忙于忙于be filled with. 充满充满be patient with. 对对有耐心有耐心be popular with. 受受欢迎欢迎 be careful with 小心小心 be satisfied with. 对对感到满意感到满意be pleased with 对对感到满意感到满意be strict with sb. 对对某人要求某人要求严格严格(7) 与与to搭配搭配be

8、 close to 接近，靠近接近，靠近be good to 对对好好be kind to 对对和蔼和蔼be rude to 对对粗鲁粗鲁be polite to 对对礼貌礼貌be useful to 对对有用有用be related to 与与有关有关be similar to 与与相似相似考点五：考点五：-ing形容词和形容词和-ed形容词形容词-ing形容词形容词常修饰物常修饰物-ed形容词形容词常修饰人常修饰人例句例句surprising令人惊讶的令人惊讶的surprised 感到惊讶的感到惊讶的This is a surprising story.I am surprised at

9、the news.interesting 有趣的有趣的interested 感兴趣的感兴趣的I have an interesting book.He is interested in science. exciting令人兴奋的令人兴奋的 excited感到兴奋的感到兴奋的Have you heard of the exciting news?We are excited about the traveling.-ing形容词形容词常修饰物常修饰物-ed形容词形容词常修饰人常修饰人例句例句pleasing令人愉快的令人愉快的pleased感到愉快感到愉快/满意的满意的This is a pl

10、easing trip.The teacher is pleased with us.frightening令人恐惧的令人恐惧的frightened感到恐惧的感到恐惧的This is a frightening story.We are frightened of the ghost.moving令人感动的令人感动的moved受感动的受感动的Titanic is a moving film.We are moved by her deeply.-ing形容词形容词常修饰物常修饰物-ed形容词形容词常修饰人常修饰人例句例句 tiring令人疲倦的令人疲倦的 tired感到疲倦的感到疲倦的Its

11、a long tiring day.Im too tired. fascinating迷人的迷人的 fascinated着迷的着迷的What a fascinating voice!Many boys are fascinated by computer games.考点一：以考点一：以-ly结尾的副词结尾的副词辨析辨析 副词可以用来副词可以用来修饰动词、形容词修饰动词、形容词、副词、副词或句子或句子， 句中句中作状作状语语、表语、宾补等。、表语、宾补等。 形容词后加后缀形容词后加后缀-ly可构成副词。可构成副词。 有些有些以以-ly结尾的词是结尾的词是形容词形容词, 而而非副词。非副词。如如

12、: lovely, lively, friendly, lonely, daily, weekly等等。-ly副词副词含义含义-ly副词副词含义含义actually 真实地真实地；事实上事实上 angrily 生气地生气地anxiously焦虑地焦虑地bravely勇敢地勇敢地busily忙碌地忙碌地carefully小心地小心地carelessly粗心地粗心地certainly肯定地肯定地初中阶段常见的初中阶段常见的-ly结尾的副词结尾的副词-ly副词副词含义含义-ly副词副词含义含义clearly清晰地清晰地closely紧密地紧密地difficultly困难地困难地easily容易地容易

13、地especially尤其尤其exactly 确切地；确切地；精确地精确地excitedly兴奋地兴奋地finally 最后；最终最后；最终-ly副词副词含义含义-ly副词副词含义含义freely自由地自由地hardly几乎不几乎不lately最近最近loudly大声地大声地luckily幸运地幸运地mainly主要地主要地nearly几乎几乎politely有礼貌地有礼貌地-ly副词副词含义含义-ly副词副词含义含义possibly可能地可能地properly合适地合适地quietly安静地安静地really真正地真正地recently不久前不久前; 最近最近 sadly悲伤地悲伤地safe

14、ly安全地安全地slowly缓慢地缓慢地strictly严厉地严厉地suddenly突然突然; 忽然忽然truly真正真正; 确实确实 wisely明智地明智地; 聪明地聪明地考点二：频度副词考点二：频度副词频度副词频度副词含义含义频度副词频度副词含义含义always总是；经常总是；经常never从不从不daily天天；每日天天；每日often经常，常常经常，常常sometimes有时有时twice两次两次usually通常通常weekly每周每周考点三：程度副词考点三：程度副词程度副词程度副词含义含义程度副词程度副词含义含义almost差不多差不多enough足够足够even甚至甚至hard

15、ly几乎不几乎不much很大程度上地很大程度上地; 大量地大量地only仅仅仅仅quite相当相当, 完全完全, 十分十分rather相当相当, 颇颇, 有点儿有点儿so如此如此such如此如此too太太; 也也very非常非常考向考向考点四：时间副词考点四：时间副词时间副词时间副词含义含义时间副词时间副词含义含义still仍然仍然soon很快很快then然后然后once曾经曾经, 以前以前today今天今天now现在现在, 目前目前tomorrow明天明天yesterday昨天昨天before在在之前之前after在在之后之后already已经已经ago以前以前early早地早地late晚晚

16、, 迟迟later随后随后, 后来后来recently近来近来, 最近最近考点五：地点副词考点五：地点副词地点副词地点副词含义含义地点副词地点副词含义含义here这儿这儿there那儿那儿outside外面外面inside里面里面anywhere任何地方任何地方everywhere每个地方，到处每个地方，到处home在家在家；到家；到家away离开；远离离开；远离考向考向考点六：疑问考点六：疑问副词副词疑问副词疑问副词含义含义where在哪里在哪里（地点）（地点） when何时何时 （时间）（时间）why为什么为什么（原因）（原因）how 怎样怎样，怎么，怎么，如何如何（方式）（方式）考点七：

17、连接考点七：连接副词副词连接副词连接副词含义含义连接副词连接副词含义含义besides此外，而且此外，而且however然而然而then于是，那么于是，那么instead而不是，代替而不是，代替moreover而且，此外而且，此外therefore因此因此anyway尽管，即使这样尽管，即使这样also也也；而且；而且1. 原原级的级的判断判断 由由表示程度的副词表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等等修饰时，修饰时， 用用形容词原级。如：形容词原级。如：The film is too boring. 表示表示两者在某一方面相同或不同时用原级。具体两者在某一方

18、面相同或不同时用原级。具体用用 法法如下：如下：用法用法例句例句 as + 原级原级 + as 与与一样一样My best friend is as tall as her mother. not + so/as + 原级原级 + as不及不及那样那样This red skirt is not so/as beautiful as that blue one. 用法用法例句例句倍数倍数 + as + 原级原级 + as是是的的几几倍倍Our school is twice as large as theirs.as much/many. + as和和一样多一样多John earns as mu

19、ch money as his elder brother.as + 原级原级 + as + 用作比喻的名词用作比喻的名词像像一样一样He is as busy as a bee.2. 比较级的比较级的判断判断 根据根据语境判断表示两者进行比较语境判断表示两者进行比较时时, 用比较级。用比较级。 由由表示程度的副词表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时，用形容词或等修饰时，用形容词或副词副词 的的比较级。如比较级。如： It is much hotter today. 今天热得多

20、今天热得多。用法用法例句例句比较级比较级 + than比比My book is more interesting than this one. the + 比较级比较级., the + 比较级比较级.越越，就越就越The more fruit you eat, the healthier you will be. 比较级比较级 + and + 比较级比较级more and more + 原级原级越来越越来越Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. 比较级比较级的常见的常见结构结构用法用法例句例句Which / Who + 比较级比较级, A o

21、r B?A和和B，哪个更，哪个更？Which subject is easier, math or English?less+多音节形容词原级多音节形容词原级+than不不如如Many cities in this area are less beautiful than those in that area.用法用法例句例句比较级比较级 + of the two两者中较两者中较He is the thinner of the two.倍数倍数 + 比较级比较级 + than是是的几倍的几倍The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pe

22、arl River. 3. 最高级的最高级的判断判断 表示表示三者或三者以上三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用的人或物进行比较时，用最高级最高级 形式。形式。 形容词形容词最高级前必须加最高级前必须加定冠词定冠词the，副词，副词最高级最高级前前可可加可加可不加不加the。 句句末常末常跟跟in / of / among等等短语短语来来表示表示范围范围。如：如： He is the tallest boy in our class.用法用法例句例句one of the +形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词复数名词复数中最中最之一之一Her sister is one of the most po

23、pular singers.比较级比较级+than any other+名词单数名词单数比其他任何一个人比其他任何一个人/物更物更；最最He is taller than any other student in our class.最高级最高级的常见的常见结构结构用法用法例句例句the+序数词序数词+形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词单数名词单数第几第几大大/长长/的的In the USA, the third largest city is Los Angeles. Which/Whothe+最高级最高级, A, B or C?ABC中，哪个最中，哪个最？Who is the tallest,

24、 Tom, Kate or Bill?形容词形容词和副词和副词比较级比较级、最高级、最高级的的规则变化规则变化类别类别构成方法构成方法原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级单音单音节节词词和少和少数双音数双音节词节词词尾加词尾加-er,- -est fewfast fewer_ fewest_以不发音的字母以不发音的字母e结尾的加结尾的加-r, -st nicelarge nicer_nicest_ fasterfastestlargerlargest类别类别构成方法构成方法原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级单音节单音节词和少词和少数双音数双音节词节词以重读闭音节结尾以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅

25、音且末尾只有一个辅音字母，字母，则双写辅音字则双写辅音字母母，再加再加-er, -estbigfathot bigger_biggest_辅音字母加辅音字母加-y结尾，变结尾，变y为为i，再加再加-er, -est happyeasyhappier_happiest_fatterfattesthotterhottesteasiereasiest类别类别构成方法构成方法原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级多音节多音节词和部词和部分双音分双音节词节词在原级前在原级前加加more，mostimportantcarefulmore important_ _ most important_ more car

26、efulmost careful原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级good / well_bad_ill_many / much_little_far_old_most形容词和副词比较级、最高级形容词和副词比较级、最高级的不规则的不规则变化变化betterbestworseworstworseworstmorelessleastfarther/furtherolder/elderoldest/eldestfarthest/furthest形容词形容词和副词和副词比较级比较级、最高级、最高级的的规则变化规则变化类别类别构成方法构成方法原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级单音单音节节词词和少和少数双音数

27、双音节词节词词尾加词尾加-er,- -est fewfast fewer_ fewest_以不发音的字母以不发音的字母e结尾的加结尾的加-r, -st nicelarge nicer_nicest_ fasterfastestlargerlargest类别类别构成方法构成方法原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级单音节单音节词和少词和少数双音数双音节词节词以重读闭音节结尾以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音且末尾只有一个辅音字母，字母，则双写辅音字则双写辅音字母母，再加再加-er, -estbigfathot bigger_biggest_辅音字母加辅音字母加-y结尾，变结尾，变y为为i，再加再加-

28、er, -est happyeasyhappier_happiest_fatterfattesthotterhottesteasiereasiest类别类别构成方法构成方法原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级多音节多音节词和部词和部分双音分双音节词节词在原级前在原级前加加more，mostimportantcarefulmore important_ _ most important_ more carefulmost careful原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级good / well_bad_ill_many / much_little_far_old_most形容词和副词比较级、最高级形容词

29、和副词比较级、最高级的不规则的不规则变化变化betterbestworseworstworseworstmorelessleastfarther/furtherolder/elderoldest/eldestfarthest/furthest. 根据句意及所给首字母写单词根据句意及所给首字母写单词。1. The young man was b enough to save his neighbors from a fire. 2. The peaceful music will make you feel r . 3. When she first went to university, sh

30、e felt very l because she knew no one there. 4. Mary is a from class today because she is in hospital. 5. I feel so h that I would like something to eat. braverelaxedlonelyabsenthungry6. Growing vegetables looks easy, but a it takes a lot of learning. 7. G speaking, different countries have differen

31、t table manners. 8. People who learn _(明智地明智地) and well will achieve their dreams more easily. actuallyGenerallywisely9. Im sorry. I _(完全地完全地) forgot that it was your birthday yesterday. 10. _(最近最近), citizens in Luhe have got the chance to experience a self-service store. 11. The old man lives _(独自地

32、独自地), but he doesnt feel lonely. completelyRecently alone. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. I was bleeding _ from the cut.2. We both slept _ and felt terrible the next day.3. They _ believe their children should make choices for themselves.4. Our school has _ changed over these years.5. The color

33、red is _ connected with happy events in China.strong, bad, traditional, heavy, completeheavily badlystrongly completely traditionally. 完成句子。完成句子。1. 中国母亲河长江，是世界第三长河。中国母亲河长江，是世界第三长河。 The Yangtze River, the mother river of China, is the _ _ river in the world. 2. 孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好

34、。 (good) The earlier kids learn to be independent, _ it is for their future. third longestthe better3. 陆地上什么动物最重陆地上什么动物最重? _4. 你读得越多，你就会学得越多。你读得越多，你就会学得越多。 _5. 我们的国家越来越强大。我们的国家越来越强大。(get) _ Our country is getting stronger and stronger.What kind of animals is the heaviest on land?The more you read, t

35、he more you will learn.1. Are you going to the airport by bus? Id rather take a taxi. Its _. A. quicker B. cheaper C. the quickest D. the cheapest (2021 江西江西)2. The Chinese language is more and more popular. Exactly! Its becoming a _ language skill in the international community. (2021 安徽安徽) A. simi

36、lar B. difficult C. necessary D. traditionalAC3. Protecting ourselves is one of _ things we must do. A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important (2021 重庆重庆A卷卷)4. I cant believe you made the life-like cat out of paper. How _ you are! A. loyal B. creative C. helpful D. organ

37、ized (2021 江苏扬州江苏扬州)DB5. With the help of 5G technology, the apps on the smart phone can provide _ functions for the users than before. A. manyB. moreC. most (2021 四川成都四川成都)6. Its unbelievable that mountains can grow. According to a recent survey, Qomolangma has risen _ than before. A. low B. lower

38、C. high D. higher(2021 云南昆明云南昆明)BD7. Does the store have good fame? Yes, the prices here are always very fair. The owner just wants to make a (an) _ living. A. honest B. healthy C. relaxing D. exciting (2021 湖北武汉湖北武汉)8. China has made a complete victory in its fight against poverty (贫困贫困). As Chines

39、e, we _ our country. (2021 山西山西) A. are proud ofB. are friendly toC. are interested inAA9. Sue works _, so she never seems to make mistakes. A. late B. alone C. happily D. carefully (2021 江西江西)10. Hello, Jenny, I cant find my math book _. Did you see it? Sorry, I didnt.A. everywhere B. anywhere C. s

40、omewhere D. nowhere (2021 云南云南)DB11. Bill lives _ to school than Peter. A. close B. closed C. closer D. the closest (2021 天津天津)12. Please be polite and _ offer your seat to people who need it. A. neverB. seldom C. sometimes D. always(2021 河北河北)CD13. In the war against COVID-19, the Chinese governmen

41、t is making efforts to make sure the vaccine（疫苗）（疫苗）is _ taken all over the country. A. hardly B. deeply C. widely (2021 海南海南)14. Children usually play this kind of word game _ than grown-ups. A. wellB. betterC. best(2021 福建福建)CB15. _ I walk around in this small town, what I see makes me think of my

42、 childhood. A. Whatever B. Wherever C. Whoever (2021 青海青海)16. The more _ you drive, the _ you are. A. careful; safer B. carefully; safer C. carefully; safely D. careful; safely (2021 黑龙江大庆黑龙江大庆)BB17. I think this book is _ than that one. Youre right. I prefer that one. A. more popular B. more useful C. less interesting D. less boring (2021辽宁丹东辽宁丹东)18. Which country has a _ population, China or Canada? China. Canada is a lot _ crowded than China. A. bigger; less B. bigger; more C. smaller; less D. smaller; more (2021 四川达州四川达州)CA