常见的字母及字母组合发音规则.doc
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1、. -常见的字母与字母组合发音规那么I元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规那么元音字母的发音一元音字母a 1.重读开音节/ei/ paper;late;make;lake;face2.重读闭音节/ bag;fat;cat;ladder;mass *例外:any一些/e/ ;many许多/e/ 3.非重读音节/ 或/i/ 即:/ ago;al ong;among;above;aloud/i/ rade;village;manager;palace;private;necklace *连续一样的辅音字母,一般只发一个音,而且归属后一个音节段。如上的ladder,village. 4.在字母w或wh后面,发
2、/ was;wash;what;want;(*例外:water水/:/ ) 5.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath组合里 ,重读时均发/a:/ 即:dance;France;chance ask;mask;task;basket class;grass;glass;pass;*例外:mass/ fast;cast;past;last;master;father;path;bath; (*例外:maths/ ) 二元音字母e 1.重读开音节/i:/ me;he;she;these;evening2.重读闭音节/e/ hen;get;set;tell;echo 3.非重读音
3、节/i/ useless;ticket;basket;pocket;before;below;三元音字母i或y 1.重读开音节/ai/ China;try;my;hi;time;guide;2.重读闭音节/i/ sit;hit;ill;little;system;3.非重读音节/i/ unit;study 四元音字母o 1.重读开音节/u/ no;so;go;home;photo;2.重读闭音节/ not;hot;box;fox;cock;cost;3.非重读音节/ purpose;concern4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前,均发/ son;month;e;ton;(*例外:Tom/ )l
4、ove;dove;glove;above;anothermother;brother;bee;some5.两个单词:woman/w u-mn/ 女人单数;women/w i-min/ 女人复数 五元音字母u 1.重读开音节/ju:/ pupil;stud ent;use;cube2.重读闭音节/ 或/u/ 即:/ cut;luck;umbrella;us/u/ put;full;pull 3.非重读音节/ autumn;August;support 元音字母组合的拼读规那么 一元音字母a的字母组合1.ai或ay在重读音节中/ei/ rain;train;brain;pain day;may;p
5、lay;stay;lay*ay在非重读音里/i/ 或/ei/ Sunday;Monday;Tuesday;Thursday;Friday2.al+ 绝大多数辅音字母/:/ small;wall;call;talk;walk;chalk或/:l/ also;always*al后面是k时,只发/:/ al+f或m时,al发/a:/ half;calm -al在词尾非重读/l/ medal;metal;(例外 canal运河,重音在后/l/ )3.-ance在重读时/a:ns/ chance;dance;France 在非重读时/ ns/ importance;performance;ambulan
6、ce4.-ant非重读/nt/ assistant;important;peasant5.-ange一般/eind/ change;danger;strange;(*但 orange/ind/ )6.-age一般/id/ village;carriage;marriage7.-ask一般重读时/a:sk/ ask;mask;task;basket 8.-ass一般重读时/a:s/ class;glass;grass;pass;(*但 mass/ )9.-ast一般重读时/a:st/ last;past;fast;cast-aste一般/eist/ waste;paste;taste10.-at
7、h一般/a:/ bath;path;(*但 maths/ )或/a:/ father;rather;(*但 gather/ ) 11.-au一般/:/ cause;autumn;August;(*但 because/ ) -augh(t)/:(t)/ caught;taught;daughter(*例外:laugh/la:f/ )12.-aw/:/ draw;saw;law;awful13.a在字母w或wh后面,a发/ was;wash;want;what;(*但 water/:/ ) 14.-ar重读音时/a:/ party;car;farm;army;yard;hard;star在字母w或
8、音/w/ 后面时/:/ war;warm;warn;towards;*quarter在非重读音时/-/ beggar;dollar;solar 15.-are一般/-/ hare;bare;dare;stare;rare;care;parent16.-air一般/-/ chair;fair;hair;pair;stair;repair17.-able一般/eibl/ able;cable;tabl e;stable 二元音字母e的组合1.-ea重读音节有四个音,分别是以下: -ea/i:/ team;meat;lead;teach;read;mean;please;steal -ea/e/ t
9、hreat;bread;meant;read(过去式和过去分词 );peasant-ea/i/ real;really -ea/ei/ great;break2.-ee/i:/ feel;week;keep;three;steel;street;sweep;see*但是一个例外:coffee/i/ 3.-eer/i/ deer;pioneer;engineer;volunteer4.-er重读音节/:/ her;term;service;Germany非重读/ worker;paper;western;teacher特殊读法/a:/ clerk5.-ere/i/ here;mere -ere或
10、者发/ there;where6.-ear有三种音,分别是;-ear/i/ ear;dear;near;clear;tear(n.);beard-ear/:/ early;earth;learn;heard-ear/a:/ heart*tear作为动词时,发/ 7.-ei/ei/ eight;weigh;weight-ei/ai/ height-ei/i:/ receive8.-ey重读/ei/ they;hey;survey-ey重读/i:/ key -ey非重读/i/ monkey;donkey;valley;volleyball*-et非重读/it/ pocket;ticket;rock
11、et9.-ew一般/ju:/ new;few;knew-ew或者发/u:/ grew;threw-ew还可以发/u/ sew10.-ege/id/ college 11.-est/ist/ biggest;modest;happiest;12.词尾的-ed在浊音后/d/ lived;studied-ed在清音后/t/ worked;finished-ed在字母t或d后/id/ wanted;needed 三元音字母i或y的组合1.-ie在重读音节中,或在辅音字母前,发/i:/ field;piece;achieve-ie在词尾/ai/ lie;die;tie 2.-igh(t)在重读音节/ai
12、(t)/ high;night;light;bright3.-ir在重读音节/:/ girl;firm;circle;first;third4.-ire在重读音节/ai/ fire;tired;hire;retired;wire5.-ild/aild/ child;wild6.-ind/aind/ find;kind;mind;wind;(*但 window/ind/ )7.-ing/i/ king;wing;sing;doing;making 8.-(a)tion/(ei)n/ nation;pronunciation;information;position-stion/t n/ ques
13、tion -sion/n/ 或/n/ mission使命;precision精细9.-ye在词尾/ai/ good-bye;bye-bye 10.-ist/ist/ list;fist; 四元音字母o的组合1.-oa在重音时/u/ boat;coat;road;goat;toad-oar在重音时/:/ blackboard;aboard2.-oi,-oy在重音时/i/ boiler;point;join;oilboy;toy;joy;loyal 3.-oo一般/u:/ soon;too;zoo;room;noon;food;mood;boot;moon*单词room和其他名词构成合成词时,常发
14、短音。如 classroom/u/ 等等。在字母k或有时在t,d之前时/u/ cook;look;book;took;foot;good;4.-or在重音时/:/ for;horse;important;morning;born-or在字母w后面/:/ work;word;world;worse;worth (*但是 wore,worn例外,均发/:/ ) -or在非重音时/ monitor;doctor;professor;forget;forwards;forgive;conductor 5.-oar一般/:/ board;aboard;blackboard 6.-oor一般/:/ 或在美
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