延续性动词与短暂性动词讲解与练习.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -短暂性动词，连续性动词与现在完成时姓名： 短暂性动词（终止性动词） ，是指动作一旦发生就很快就终止。它不能和一段时间连用。这类动词有： go, come, arrive, leave, begin, start, join, marry 等。短暂性动词的确定式不能与表示一段时间的for 或 since 或 how long 等状语连用。但是，在否定句中，短暂性动词可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。连续性动词是指动作发生后仍可以连续一段时间或者相当长的一段时间。如：live, work, study, lear

2、n, sleep等，连续性动词可以和表示一段的时间状语连用。值得留意的是，表示一段时间的状语除了“ for+一段时间”外，仍有 since+n./ 从句（时间点），since+时间段 +ago，疑问词 how long ，in the past+时间段， all these+ 时间段， from to（时间点）以及 till/until+n./ 句子等等。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结例如：1.这位老人已经死了十年了。The old man has died for ten years（.间连用） ）（die“死”短暂性动词，不能与for+一段时可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下

3、载精品名师归纳总结The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years a（go.）（diebe dead，die 是短暂性动词，表示死的动作，这个动作很快就终止了，变成了表示状态的 be dead，dead 是 die 的形容词，表示死了的状态，可以连续）2.我买了这块手表五年了。I have bought this watch for five years.（ ）（buy“买”短暂性动词，不能与for+一段时间连用） I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago.（）（b

4、uy have，buy 这个动作在付完钱已经终止了，买完后是拥有have 的状态， have可以连续）3.我离开家乡已十年了。I have left hometown for 10 years.（）（ leave“离开”短暂性动词，不能与for+一段时间连用）I have been away from hometown for 10years.（）（leavebe away，leave 这个动作在走了的时候已经终止了，走了以后， 是我不在这里的状态， be away表示不在，离开的状态，可以连续）但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。如： I havent bought the bike

5、for a year.我买这辆自行车仍不到一年。She hasn t come here for an hour.她来这儿仍没有一个小时。1可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -假如短暂性动词与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，必需将短暂性动词改为连续性动词。现归纳总结一下由非连续性动词到连续性动词的转换：buy / get have,borrow k

6、eep，havedie be deadfinishbe over,Close be closedleave be away （from ）open be openmarry be marriedfall asleep be asleepfall get ill be illgo out be outget up be upput on wear/be onMove to live income/go/become bego to school be in school/be a studentbegin/start be onbegin to studystudyGet to know kno

7、wwake/wake up be awakeLose/die/sell/leave be gonecatch/get a cold have a cold join /take part in be in/be a member ofcome/arrive/reach/get tobe in return to/come back to/go back tobe backtocomearrive,reach,get here/go arrive,reach,get there be here there练习：一、找出以下句子中的短暂性动词和对应句子中的连续性动词。例： He died 10 y

8、ears ago./ He has been dead for 10 years.diebe dead1. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. /He has kept the book for 2 weeks. 2. He bought the bike a month ago. /He has had the bike for a month. 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. He arrived here last year./He has been here since last year. 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师

9、归纳总结4. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. /The light has been on for 2 hours. 5. He left here 2 years ago. /He has been away from here for 2 years. 6. The film began 30 minutes ago. /The film has been on for 30 minutes. _ 7.They opened the door an hour ago. /The door has been open for an hour. 8.

10、 They closed the door an hour ago. /The door has been closed for an hour. 二、挑选题。1.Her grandfather for two years.A. diedB. has diedC. has been dead D. has been died2.Its six weeks I met you last.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. For 3.His father the Party since 1978 .A.joinedB. has joinedC.was in .D.has bee

11、n in4.Do you know him well . Sure .We friends since ten years ago .2可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -. were . have been . have become . have made 5.Hurry up. The play for ten minutes . has

12、 begun. had begun . has been on. Began6.It ten years since he left the army. is . has . will. Was 7.His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the city 8.How long has Robert .Since 2004.A. been in BeijingB. become a policemanC. joined the art

13、clubD. studied in this school 9.His father the Party since 1978.A. joinedB. has joinedC. was inD. has beenin 10.-How long have you the library book .-For about two weeks .A.borrowB.borrowedC.are borrowingD.kept11.-How long has he this car. -For two years.A. buyB. boughtC. hadD. buys 12.When he arriv

14、ed at the bus stop, the bus for 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away 13The factory since the February of 1988.A . has been openB. has openedC. was openD. opened 14. Mary and Rose friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become 15. You mustnt

15、until he comes back.A. be awayB. leaveC. be leftD. have left 16.The meeting for a week now.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has been overD. ended17.7. Miss Gao this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been inB. has come toC. has taughtD. taught 18.Ben a teacher for 4 years .A. has beenB. has becomeC. wasD

16、. became 19.I home for a week.A. have returnedB. have been backC. returnedD. am returned 20. How long he .A. diedB. has, diedC. has, been deaDd . did, died 21. He at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. has sleepD. had slept 22.-How long you ill. -Two weeks.A. did fallB. have, fellC.

17、have, beenD. have, had 23.Since 2000, he his hometown.A. has leftB. has moved awayC. has been away fromD. Left24.Ill lend you the book , but you can only it for 2 days.A. borrowB. keepC. takeD. took3可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精

18、品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -25.The bus on the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stoppedB. stoppedC. has beenD. is 26.Are you the jacket these days.A. wearingB. putting onC. dressingD. on27.He for 2 hours.A. got upB. has got upC. has been upD. is up 28. Tom is ill in hospital. He a cold

19、for several days.A. isB. catchesC. has caughtD. has had29.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus for 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away 30. He at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. has sleepD. had slept31. How long have you here.A. comeB. gotC. arriv

20、edD. been 32. My grandpa died .A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC.when I was 2.D. my age was 6.二.句型转换：写出以下句子的同义句。例如. Mr. Li began to teach English in this school in 1999.Mr. Li has taught English in this school since 1999.2. The factory opened ten years ago. The factory for ten years.3. John left

21、Beijing three years ago. John Beijing three years.4. His company opened in 2003.His company since 2003.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结5. My father bought the car half a year ago.My father the car half a year.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. We got to know each other for about 15 years. We each other about 15 yea

22、rs.7. The film began ten minutes ago. The film for ten minutes.8. I borrowed this book two weeks ago. I this book for two weeks.9. My father came back the day before yesterday.My father has for two days.10. My uncle bought the new car two months ago.My uncle has the new car two months ago.三.在句子中划出错误

23、，并在横线上写出修改答案,句子的就打“ ”。1. How long have you begun to study English. 2. I have borrowed this book for two weeks. 3. The river has become very dirty since last August. 4. Our manager is away today. He has been to Guangzhou on business_. 5. He has gone out for two years. 6.He hasnt left his hometown for 30years. 4可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载