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1、精品名师归纳总结Seeing the back of the car看看汽车业的将来In the rich world, people seem to be driving less than they used to在西方富有世界,人们似乎不像以前那样频繁驾车出行了。Sep 22nd 2021 | from the print edition可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. “ I LL love and protect this car until death do us part,”says Toad, a 17-year-oldloser whoselifeisbr
2、ieflytransformedbya “ superfine” 1958ChevyImpalain “ American Graffiti”Th.e filmfollowshim, his friends and their vehicles through a latesummernightinearly1960sCalifornia: cruising the main drag, racing on the back streetsandneckinginbackseatsof machineswhichembodynotjustspeed, prosperity and freedo
3、m but also adulthood, status and sex.一名 17 岁的失败者,图德说, “我将会爱惜这辆车并且爱惜它,始终到死亡把我们分开为止 ”,他的生活由于 “美国风情画 ”中的一辆 1958 年的超精细雪佛兰羚羊而完全转变了。这部电影带着他,他的伴侣们和他们的车穿越到了二十世纪六十岁月加州,一个夏天的 夜晚:快而平稳的穿过那里的主要街道,在 破旧的街巷中飙车,在汽车后座位上拥吻, 这辆车表达的不仅仅是速度,财宝和自由, 仍有成年的宣告, 社会位置和性关系的成熟。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2. The
4、 movie was set in an age when owning wheelswasanormdeeplydesiredand newly achievable. Since then car ownershiphas grown apace. There are now more than 1 billion cars in the world, and the numberis likely to roughly double by 2021. They are cheaper, faster, safer and more comfortable than ever before
5、.当时这部电影的制作背景是拥有辆车的深深期望和它代表的一种新型的成就。从那时起,汽车保有量是益增长。全世界现在的汽车数量超过了 10 亿辆, 到 2021年这个数字大致会翻一翻。相比于以前,现在的汽车更廉价,速度更快,配置更安全,而且更加舒适。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. Cars are integraltomodernlife.They accountfor70% ofall journeysnotmade on foot in the OECD, which includes most developedcountr
6、ies.IntheEuropean Unionmorethan12mpeopleworkin manufacturing and services related to carsand other vehicles, around 6% of the total employed population; the equivalent figurefor America is 4.5% of private-sector employment, or 8m jobs. They dominate household economies too: aside from rent or mortga
7、ge payments, transport costs are the single biggest weekly outlay, and most of those costs normally come from cars.汽车已成为现代生活不行或缺的一部分。经合组织 - 包括了大部分进展国家- 调查显示,非徒步旅行者中有70% 的人选择了汽车出行。在欧盟, 超过 1200 万人在汽车及其他车辆相关的制造和服务行业中工作,占了整个就业人口的 6%。美国从事类似行业的人数到达了800百,占了私人企业就业率的4.5% 。他们也是家庭经济的主要支出:除了支付房租或者抵押贷款,交通开支是家庭的
8、周最大单一开支,而且这些开支的大部分都 来自于汽车。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4. Nearly60mnew cars were added to the world s stock in 2021. People in Asia, Latin Americaand Africaare buyingcars pretty muchas fast as they can affordto, and as more can afford to, more will buy.2021 年,全世界股市有近6000万辆新车加入。在亚洲,拉丁美洲和非洲,人们只要能负担得起就会马上买车
9、,当他们的购买力越来越高时,购买的人也会越来越多。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结5. But in the rich world the car s previo但us是ly 在富有世界,以前汽车销售上的猛升趋可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结inexorablerise is stalling.A growingbody of academicscitethe possibilitythatboth carownershipandvehicle-kilometres drivenmaybereachingsaturationin developedcountr
10、ies orevenbeonthe wane, a notion known as“ peak car”.势正在跌停。越来越多的学者都有引证一种 可能性 - 即发达国家的汽车保有量和行驶里程数可能都会到达饱和- 或者甚至会慢慢削减,一种被称为 “汽车峰值 ”的现象。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. Recessionandhighfuelpriceshave markedlycutdistancesdriveninmany countriessince2021,includingAmerica, Britain,Francea
11、ndSweden.Butmore profoundand longer-run changes underlie recenttrends.Mostforecastsstillpredict thatwhen the recoverycomes, peoplewill drive as much and in the same way as theyever have. But that may not be true.从 2021年起,经济衰退和高油价明显得削减了许多国家私家车的行驶里程数,包括美国,英国,法国和瑞典。但是最近的趋势是由于更多的深层次和长期的变化造成的。大多的预报仍旧预示着,
12、当经济慢慢复原时, 人们会像以前一样,频繁的使用汽车。但是这些推测只是推测罢了。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结7. Asa generaltrend,carownershipand kilometrestravelledhavebeenincreasing throughout the rich world since the 1950s.Short-term factors like the 1970s oil-price shock caused temporary dips, but vehicle use soon re
13、covered.作为总趋势,从二十世纪五十岁月以来,全部富有国家的汽车保有量和行驶公里数始终在上升。类似二十世纪七十岁月石油价格危机的短期危机引起的临时削减,但是车辆的使用情形复原得很快。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结8. Thecurrent fallin car usehas doubtless been exacerbated by recession. But it seemsto have startedbeforethe crisis.A March 2021studyfortheAustralian governm
14、entwhichhasbeenatthe forefrontofinternationaleffortstotease outpeak-carissues suggestedthat20countriesintherichworldshowa“ saturatingtrend” tovehicle -kilometres travelled.Afterdecadeswheneach individual was on average travelling farther everyyear, growthper personhas slowed distinctly,andinmanycase
15、sstopped最近汽车使用方面的下降无疑由于经济衰 退而加剧了。但是这个情形似乎在危机以前 就开头了。 2021 年 3 月对澳大利亚政府的争论显示澳政府在整理汽车最高使用量方面已经走在了国际各方努力前沿 ,在富有世界的 20 个国家, 行驶公里数已趋于饱和。 数十年后, 每个人汽车的年均行驶里程将会更多, 购买汽车的个人也会逐步放缓,而且在许多方面将会完全停止。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结altogether.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结9. Therearedifferentmeasuresof saturation:totaldistancedr
16、iven,distance perdriverandtotaltripsmade.The statisticsarestrikingoneachofthese countseveninAmerica,stillthemost car-mad countryin the world.There,total vehicle-kilometrestravelledbegan to plateau in 2004 and fall from 2007; measured per person, growth flatlined sooner, after 2000, and dropped after
17、 2004 before recovering somewhat see chart. The number of trips has fallen, mostly because of a decline in commuting and shopping of the non-virtual variety.衡量是否到达饱和, 仍有些不同的检查方法: 总行驶距离,平远行驶里程和总旅次。各国 这些数据的统计,甚至美国这个仍旧是世界上最大的汽车制造国 ,都令人震惊。 在美国,总的车辆行驶公里数在2004年到达平衡期,从 2007年开头下跌。以人均算,从2000年后行驶里程数增长很快, 但是,2
18、004 年后开头降低,直到前几些才有所复原。总旅次始终在下降, 大多由于上下班来回和 非虚拟用品购物次数的削减。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结10. Britain,anothernationthatmeasures such thingsobsessively,has a similararc.Kilometres travelled per person were stable or falling through most of the 2000s. Totaltraffichasnotincreasedforadecad
19、e, despite a growing population. For the past15 years Britons have been making fewer journeys; they now go out in cars only slightly more often than in the 1970s.Pre-recession declines in per-person travel were also recorded in France,Spain,Italy, Australia, New Zealand and Belgium.另一个测量这些让人困扰的数值的国家
20、- 英国的情形和美国类似。人均行驶里程以前很稳固,或者在2000年间的大部分时间在下跌。尽管人口在增长,但是过去十年间的总 流量没有增长。过去15 年间,英国人几乎都不怎么旅行了。相比于二十世纪七十岁月, 他们的驾车出行量只是略有增长。法国,西 班牙,澳大利亚,新西兰和比利时这些国家, 经济衰退前的个人出行同样也是如此。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结11. Saturation of car ownership over time isoneexplanation.Thecurrentcohortof随着时间的推移,汽车保有量的
21、饱和也是缘由之一。目前退役的汽车都是世界上的首批可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结retirees Toadfrom“ American Graffiti”产, 品美国风情画中,在越南假死的terry可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结having faked his death in Vietnam, is now 67is the first in which most people drove.So more retired people drive now than everbefore. In Britain 79% of people in their 6
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