新目标八级英语上册知识点总结.docx
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1、精品名师归纳总结八年级上册英语( 2022 年秋季版)语法、短语和学问点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation.本单元的话题: 谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。本单元的语法: 1.复习一般过去时。2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。语法: 1.本单元显现的 动词不规章过去式有:isam-was 是 are -were 是 go-went 去buy bought 买take -took 拿走,dodoesdidfeed fed 喂seesaw 观察 eat ate 吃havehas had 有,吃feel felt 感觉 ride rode 骑 get got
2、 到达,得到 can could 能,会 forgetforgot 遗忘 drink drank 喝find found找到2.不定代词和不定副词的用法:somebodyanyoneeverythingnowhere(疑问副词) 不定代词和不定副词( 1)左边的 some、any、every、no 与右边的 body 、one、 thing 构成 不定代词 , some、any、every、no 与右边的疑问副词 where 构成不定副词 。( 2)一般情形下以 some 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于确定句,以 any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句。以 no 开头的不定代词和不定
3、副词表示否定含义(no one 为两个单词) 。( 3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。He has something important to do. 他有重要的事情要做。 (确定句用 something,形容词 important 放后)Did you buy anything special. (一般疑问句用 anything ,形容词 special 放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month. 上个月你去令人感爱好的的方了吗? 一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词 interesting 放后 ( 4)不定代
4、词和不定副词做主语 时,后面的动词用单数形式 。Everone is here today.今日每个人都在这里。本单元的短语和学问点:1.P1,图片 go on vacation 去度假go to the mountains上山/进山2.P1,1a stay at home 呆在家 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp 去参观夏令营3.P2, 2b study for tests 为考试而学习 备考go out 出去4.P2, 2d quite a few 相当多 ,不少(后跟可数名词复数)He has quite a
5、 few friends. 他有不少伴侣。 take photos 照相 most of the time 大部分时间5(.P3,语法表格 3 行 buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 为某人买某物My mother bought me a sweater=My mother boughta sweater for me.我妈妈给我买了一件毛衣。6.( P3,语法表格 4 行 taste good. 尝起来很好taste(尝起来) 、look(看起来) 、sound(听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词The food tastes delicious. 这食品尝起来特别可口。Th
6、e T-shirt looks beautiful. 这件体恤衫看起来很美丽。The songs sound beautiful.这些歌曲听起来很美丽。7.( P3,语法表格 5 行have a goodgreatfun time 过得兴奋,玩得开心(=enjoy oneself)They had a good time yesterday.= They enjoyed themselves yesterday. 他们昨天玩得很高兴。8.P3,3a go shopping 去购物9.P3,3b,4 行 nothing but+动词原形:除了 之外什么都没有He had nothing to d
7、o at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。10.P3,3b,5 行 seem to do sth:似乎 I seem to know him. 我似乎熟悉他。seem+( to be) +形容词:看起来 The work seems( to be) easy.这工作看起来很简洁。11.(P3,3c) keep a diary 记日记12.P5,2b,1 行in+ 大的方:达到某的( get to +的方:达到某的)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结arriveat+ 小的方:达到某的get 的过去式为 gotHe arrived in
8、Beijing yesterday. 他昨天达到北京。如是 arrive 和 ge 后跟 home、there、here 三个 的点副词 ,后面的介词 inatto 必需去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。13.P5,2b,2 行decide to do sth:打算做某事He decided to go home. 他打算回家。14.P5,2b,3 行 try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事The boy tried riding bi
9、cycle. 这个小孩试着骑自行车He tried to help the old man. 他尽力帮忙这个老年人。15.P5,2b,4 行 feel like 给 的感觉。感受到16.P5,2b,1 段末行 in the past 在过去 walk around 四处走走enjoydoing sth:宠爱做某事 He enjoys playing basketball. 他宠爱打篮球。17.P5,2b,2 段 1 行difference名词,差异,差别 - different 形容词,不同的 18.P5,2b,2 段 2 行start doing sth:开头做某事( = start to
10、do sth)He started doing his homework.他开头做家庭作业。19.P5,2b,2 段 3 行over an hour 一个多小时( over 超过,余外= more than )20.P5,2b,2 段 4 行 too many 太多,后接可数名词复数。Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. 昨天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。too much 太多,后跟不行数名词,修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do. 我们有很多工作要做。 Don t tlak too much. 不要说太多。 much too 太,
11、后跟形容词或副词 The hat is much too big for me. 这帽子对我来说太大。You re walking much toofast.你走的太快了。辨论三者的口诀: too much, much too, 用法区分看后头 :much 后接不行数 ,too 后修饰形或副。 too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。21.P5,2b,2 段 6 行 because of 由于 ,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing ),不能接句子。 because由于,后跟句子。He can t go to schobolecause ofthe rain. 他由于下雨没去上学。 (ra
12、in 为名词)He was late for school because ofgetting up late. 他由于起晚而上学迟到。 ( get 为动词)= He was late for school becausehe got up late.I don tybtuhe shirt because it was too expensive. 我没有买这件衬衣由于它太贵。22.P5,2b,2 段 8 行enough足够的 与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enough money .他有足够的钱。 money 为名词 enough足够的 与形容词或副词连用,enough 放在后面。
13、He is old enough to go to school. old 为形容词 23.( P6,2d,倒数 4 行) doing sth.遗忘已经做过某事(已经做完)forgetto do sth. 遗忘去做某事(仍未做)forget 的过去式为 forgotDon t foget to close the door不. 要遗忘关上门。 (门仍未关)He forgot closing the door. 他遗忘已经关上门了。 (门已经关上,但是他忘了)24.( P6,2e,5 行) another+数字 +可数名词单数或复数 :额外多少某物He ate one apple,he want
14、ed another two apples.他吃了一个苹果,仍想再要两个。25.( P8,self check,2,6 行) so+形容词 +that+ 句子:如此 以至于 too+形容词 +to do sth:太 以至于 不能 形容词 +enough to do sth:足够 能够做某事(留意三个句型有时可以互换)He is so young that he can t go他to如s此ch年oo轻l. 以至于不能去上学。= He is too young to go to school.他太年轻以至于不能去上学。= He isn t old enough to go to school.2
15、6.( P8,self check,2,7 行) tell sb not to do sth:告知某人(不要)做某事My mother often tells us not to play in the street.我的妈妈常常告知我不要在街上玩。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Unit 2 How often do you exercise.本单元的话题: 谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时。本单元的语法: 1.复习一般现在时。2.学习表示频率副词的用法。主要频率副词的等级排序:always 总是 usually通常 often 常常 sometimes有时 hardly eve
16、r很少 never 从不这些副词在句子中的位置, 一般放在助动词、 be 动词或情态动词之后, 行为动词之前。 即:“行”前“助系 ”后。 Peteris always late for school. Peter 上学总是迟到。I usually do my homework in the evening.我通常在晚上做作业。 提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词,用How oftenI watch TV every day. 我每天都看电视 How often do you watch TV. 你多长时间看一次电视?本单元的短语和学问点:1.P9,
17、图片、 1a on weekends 在周末 go to the movies 去看电影 help with housework帮忙做家务how often 多久一次hardly ever 几乎从不2.P10,2a 至 2d 2a:once a week 每周一次 twice a week 每周两次every day 每天2c:use the Internet 用互联网2d:be free 有空 Are you free on weekends. 你周末有空吗?swing dance 摇摆舞 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈和钢琴课play tennis 打网球H
18、ow about . 怎么样? /好不好?(后跟名词代词 V ing ) 用来提出看法或征求对方建议 I like apples,how about you .我宠爱苹果,你了?(apple,名词,苹果) how about =what about How about going shopping this afternoon ?今日下午去购物怎么样?(go 为动词)3.P11,语法表格 go shopping 购物4.P11,3a stay up late 熬夜 at least 至少 go to bed early 早点睡觉 play sports 进行体育活动5.P11, 3bafter
19、 school放学后6.P12, 1b want sth:需要某物 He wants a new pen.他想要一支新钢笔。want to do sth :想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school. 放学后他想去看电视。want sb to do sth: 让某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early. 妈妈让我早起。7.P12, 1b be good for 对 有好处 be bad for 对 有害处Swimming is good for our health. 游泳对我们的健康有好处。Watching TV is ba
20、d for our eyes. 看电视对我们的眼睛有害处。8. P13, 2a play computer games 打电子嬉戏 go camping 去野营9.P13, 2b, 1 行ask sb about sth:问某人某事My parents often ask me about my study. 我的父母常常问我的学习情形。10. P13, 2b,1 段 1 行in one s spare tim在e某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time. 他在业余时间学习英语。11.P13, 2b ”数字 +percent of+ 名词 ”做主语时
21、,后面的单词取决于名词的情形。如名词为复数,后面的动词用复数形式。如名词为单数或不行数名词,后面的动词用单数形式。In our class ,twenty ofstudents are boys.在我们班,百分之二十的同学 为男生。Thirty ofwater is dirty. 百分之三十的 水是脏的。12.P13 , 2b, 2 段 3 行 not at all :一点儿也不( not 构成否定句)I don ltike the movie at all. 我一点也不宠爱这部电影。13.P13 , 2b, 3 段go online 上网14.P13 , 2b, 3 段the answer
22、to+名词 : 的答案the answer to the question 这个问题的答案15.P13 , 2b, 4 段 the most popular 最受欢迎的although虽然 不能与 but 连用,但可以与 yet ,still连用。 Although it is dark ,they are still working.虽然天黑了,但他们仍在工作。Although he is old ,he is quite strong. 他虽然年龄大了,但身体很健壮。16.P13 , 2b, 5 段 1 行 the best way to do sth: 做某事的 最好 方式The bes
23、t way to learn English is speaking English. 学习英语的最好方法是说英语.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结17.P13 , 2b, 5 段 2 行 such as比如 (后跟名词或名词短语)for example 例如(后跟句子)He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他宠爱水果,例如苹果、香蕉等。He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes.他有很多好的方法学习英语,例
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