新概念第一册知识点总结讲解3.docx
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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -.可编辑修改,可打印别找了你想要的都有!精品训练资料全册教案,试卷,教学课件,教学设计等一站式服务全力满意教学需求,真实规划教学环节最新全面教学资源,打造完善教学模式1.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -.新概念第一册学问点总结(全)名词名词包括可数名
2、词和不行数名词,可数名词有单复数变化。不行数名词没有。可数名词单数变复数规章:1单数名词加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books,2以 s、 x、 sh、ch 结尾的名词加3以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词,变y 为 i 加4以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,多数变f 为 v 加 es: wives,knives. 但有些词只加s:5以 o 结尾的名词,有些加es: Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.其它加 s: radios,6 不 规 就 名 词 : foot feet, goose geese, tooth teeth,
3、 child children,man men, woman women, sheep sheep, deer deer, mouse mice.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结代词第 一 人 称第二人称第三人称可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结单数复数单数复数单数复数人主 格Iweyouyouhesheitthey称代宾 格meusyouyouhimheritthem词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结物形容主词性代名词词性myouryouryourhisheritstheir mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs可
4、编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结I. 人称代词 :人称代词又分为主格和宾格形式.主格通常做主语。宾格通常做动词或介词的宾语.Eg:a.I m a nurse.b.Could you help me .II. 物主代词又分为形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词.形容词性的物主代词:相当于形容词,后面要跟名词,指定名词的所属对象.2.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - -
5、- - - - - - - - - -.名词性的物主代词:相当于一个名词,必需单独使用,后面不能再跟名词.Eg:a. Your school is small, mine is big.=my schoolb. This is not your pen. Yours is on the desk.=your pen时态一、一般现在时:概念:常常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语:always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweekday,year,month,oncea week, on Sundays基本结构: be 动词。 行为动词否定形式: am
6、/is/are+not; 此时态的谓语动词如为行为动词,就在其前加 dont,如主语为第三人称单数,就用doesnt,同时 仍原 行为动词。一般疑问句: 把 be 动词放于句首。用助动词do 提问,如主语为第三人称单数,就用does,同时,仍原行为动词。My father is a doctor. Tom isn t at home. Are they policemen.I often get up at 7 o clock every morning.He doesn t like apples.Do you always read before going to bed. What do
7、 you usually do on Sundays.一般现在时句中,假如主语是第三人称时,动词要变第三人称单数,变化规章如下:3.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -.1) 一般情形下,动词后面直接加-s. 例如:works gets says reads2) 以 s, x , ch, sh 或 o 结尾的动词,在后面加-es。 例如:go
8、es teaches washes3) 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的动词,把y 变为 i 再加 -es. 例如: studies tries carries特别情形:动词have 的第三人称单数是has。例如:He has an interesting book.二、一般过去时:概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。过去习惯性、常常性的动作、行为。时间状语: ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday, lastweekyear,night, month, in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, the other day, long l
9、ong ago, once upon a time,.基本结构: be 动词。 行为动词否定形式: was/were+not; 在行为动词前加 didnt ,同时 仍原 行为动词。一般疑问句: was 或 were 放于句首。 用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问, 同时仍原行为动词。I was at my mother s last week.Once upon a time, there was a beautiful girl whose name was Snow White. Lucy went to America five months ago.I didn t go to t
10、he cinema last night.Did Lily dance at the party.4.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -.What did you do yesterday.动词的过去式变化:be 动词: am/is-wasare-were规章动词:1. 直接在词尾加 -ed。如 : want wanted, work wo
11、rked, need needed,clean cleaned2. 以不发音的e 结尾的在词尾加-d。如: like liked, live lived, use used, move moved3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如: stop stopped, trip tripped4. 以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词, 先把 y 变成 i,再加 -ed。如:study studied, carry carried, hurry hurried, marry married不规章动词:Have-hadeat-atedrink-drankg
12、o-wentcome-camesee-saw hear-heardput-putcut-cut等等三、现在进行时:概念:表示 此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语: now, at this time, these days,基本结构: am/is/are+doing否定形式: am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句:把be 动词放于句首。They are playing basketball on the playground. I am not reading anything.5.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - -
13、 - - - - -第 5 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -.Is he waiting for the bus. What are you doing now.动词 ing 形式的变化规章:1 一般情形下,直接在动词后加ingwork - workingsleep - sleepingstudy - studying2 动词以不发音的e 结尾,要去 e 加 ingtake - takingmake - makingdance - dancing3
14、重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加ingcut - cuttingput - puttingbegin - beginning4 以 ie 结尾的动词,把变成y 再加 inglie - lyingtie - tyingdie - dying四、过去进行时:概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语: at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构: was/were+doing否定形式: was/were + not + doing.一般疑问句:把was 或 were 放于
15、句首。 I was listening to the radio at 7 this morning. He was cleaning the car when I arrived.What was he doing at this time yesterday.五、现在完成时:概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已6.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - -
16、 - - - - - - - - - -.经开头,连续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语: already, just,yet, since, for,. 基本结构: have/has + done否定形式: have/has + not +done.一般疑问句: have 或 has。He has lost his wallet.I have already had my lunch.David hasn t finished his homework yet. Have you seen this film.Mary has been a translator for 20 years. The
17、y have lived here since 1987.How long have you lived here.动词过去分词变化规章:规章动词:规章动词的过去分词变化规章与过去式变化规章相同,包括4条。1. 直接在词尾加 -ed。如 : want wanted, work worked, need needed, clean cleaned2. 以不发音的e 结尾的在词尾加-d。如: like liked, live lived, use used, move moved3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如: stop stopped
18、, trip tripped4. 以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词, 先把 y 变成 i,再加 -ed。如:study studied, carry carried, hurry hurried, marry married7.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -.不规章动词:需要特别记忆。Be动词 -beenhave-hadgo-gonecome
19、-comeeat-eatendrink-drunk等等六、过去完成时:概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去 ”。时间状语: before, after. 基本结构: had + done.否定形式: had + not + done.一般疑问句: had 放于句首。The bus had already left before I arrived at the station. He went to the park after he had finished his work.七、一般将来时:概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及
20、准备、方案或预备做某事。时间状语: tomorrow, next dayweek,month,year,soon, in a fewminutes, the day after tomorrow,基本结构: am/is/are going to + do 。 will + do.否定形式: am/is/are not going to + do 。 will not + do一般疑问句: be 放于句首。 will提到句首。My family are going to Beijing next week. It is going to rain.He will be 11 years old
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