2022年全国大学英语竞赛词汇语法改错讲义.pdf

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1、全国大学英语竞赛：词汇、语法、改错讲义1specific adj. 特殊的，特定的；明确的；详细的 n. 特性；细节；特效药2cultivate vt. 培养；陶冶；耕作3approximate a.近似的 vt.近似4considerable 相当大的； 重要的，值得考虑的5various 各种各样的；多方面的6Individual 个人的；个别的n. 个人，个体7confident a. 确信的 ,自信的 ,有信心的8consequence n. 结果；重要性；推论9 deposit n. 存款；保证金；沉淀物 vt. 使沉积；存放 vi. 沉淀10complex adj. 复杂的；合成的

2、n.综合设施11eliminate vt. 消除；排除12aspect n. 方面；面貌；方位，方向；形势13justice n. 正义,公平,公正,正确,司法,审判14circumstance n. 环境，境遇；事实，细节；典礼，仪式 vt. 使处于某种特定的情况之下15collapse vi. 折叠；倒塌；崩溃； （尤指工作劳累后）坐下vt. 使倒塌；使坍塌；使瓦解 n. 垮台； （身体的）衰弱16elegant adj.（人或其举止）优美的；漂亮的；简炼的；简洁的17exhibition n. 展览；展览品，陈列品；表明；18exposure n. 暴露；揭发；公开；（商品等的）展出19

3、guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的20prosecute vt.对提起公诉，告发，检举；继续从事w.起诉21transition n.过渡，转变22casualty n.伤亡人员，受害人23pendulum n.摆，钟摆；摇摆不定的事态(或局面）24refund n.退款 vt.退还(钱款）25linger v.(因不愿离开而）留恋徘徊；慢消失26converge v.(在一点上 )会合；集中；（思想、观点等 )十分相似，相同27associate n 伙伴，同事 v.(在思想上）把联系在一起28royalty n.王族(成员） ； (著作的）版税29dentist n.牙科医生30app

4、reciate vt. 欣赏；领会；感谢31commerce n.商业，贸易；社交32arithmetic n.算术，四则运算33dimension n.尺寸,尺度;面积34incline n.斜坡 vt.使倾斜35incidental a. 附带的 ,偶然的 ,容易发生的精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - 36journal n.日报，杂志；日志37literature n.文学；文献38maximum n.最大量 a.最大的39

5、neighborhood n.邻居关系；邻近40authority n.当局，官方；权力41occupation n.占领，占据；职业42relativity n.相关性；相对性43superficial 表面的；肤浅的44yield vt.&vi. 出产 n.产量45wit n.智力，才智，智能46cunning adj.狡猾的，奸诈的；精巧的；漂亮的，可爱的n.诡计47descend vt.下来；向下倾斜，向下延伸；遗传下来；来自，来源于vi.(from) 起源（于） ；是的后裔； (on)袭击； (to)把身份降至48architecture n.建筑学；建筑式样49exploit vt

6、.开采；开拓；利用（ 为自己谋利） ；剥削 n.功绩；功劳；勋绩50fataladj.致命的，攸关的；毁灭性的，严重的；命中注定的；重大的51illegal adj.不合法的，违法的；违反规则的 n.非法移民，非法劳工；间谍52anticipate vt.预料，预期，期望53appetite n.食欲，胃口；欲望54valid a.有效的；正当的55weakness n.虚弱，软弱；弱点56 formation n. 形成,构成;形成物 ,结构57sticky a.粘性的；胶粘的58refresh vt.使清新 vi.恢复精神59qualify vt .使具有资格60publication n

7、. 公布；出版；出版物61garment n. 衣服,衣装,外表62justify vt. 证明是正当的63resist vt. vi. 抵抗,耐得住 ,抵制,反抗n. 防染剂64 rejoice vt. 使欢喜 vi. 欣喜,高兴,庆祝65quiver n. 震动,颤抖,箭袋,大群 vi. 颤抖,振动,射中 vt. 使颤动 a. 敏捷的66profit n. 利润,赢利,利益 vi. 有益,获利,赚钱 vt. 有益于67dairy n. 乳酪农场 ,酪农业,牛奶场68 counsel n. 商议,忠告,法律顾问 vi. vt. 商议,劝告69pickpocket n. 扒手70pause v

8、i. 暂停,中止,停顿 n. 中止,停顿,踌躇,休止符71offend vt. vi. 犯罪,冒犯,违反72 neglect vt. 忽视;疏忽,漏做 n. U 忽视;疏忽,漏做73carton n. 硬纸盒,纸板箱74mechanic n. 机械工 ,技工 a. 手工的75bondage n. 奴役,束缚76accuracy n. 准确,精确度 ,准确性77augment vt. vi. 增加,增大 n. 增加78grocery n. 食品,杂货;食品杂货店79fetch n. 取得,拿,诡计,魂 vt. 接来,取来,带来,演绎出 ,推出,引出,售得,杀死,吸引精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载

9、 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - 80escape vi. 逃跑,逃脱 ;漏出 ,流出 vt. 逃脱,避免;没有被 注意,被忘掉81emergency n. 紧急情况 ,突然事件 ,非常时刻82affection n. 感情 ,好感 ,爱情,慈爱 ;影响83 membership n. 会员的资格 ,全体会员 ,会员数目84 atmosphere n. 大气 ,空气,气氛,大气层 ,大气圈85squeeze n. 紧握 ,挤,榨,榨取 ,压榨 ,佣金 vt.

10、紧握,挤,榨取 vi. 压榨,榨86snare n. 陷阱,诱惑,圈套 vt. 以陷阱捕获,诱惑87prototype n. 原型88morsel n. 一口,少量,一片89volcano n. 火山90traffic n. 交通,通行 ,运输 ,交通量 ,贸易,交易,交往,通信量 vi. 交易91 symbolize vt. 象征,用符号表现 vi. 采用象征 ,使用符号92procession n. 游行,行进,行列,队伍93suck vt. 吸,吮,吸入,吮吸,吸收,获得vi. 吸,吸奶 n. 吸,吸入,吮吸94spokesman n. 发言人 ,代表者95sin n. 罪,犯罪,犯法,

11、过失,失礼 vt. vi. 犯 例96sleet n. 雨夹雪 vi. 下雨雪 ,下冰雹97 severe a. 严格的 ,凶猛的 ,严肃的,严重的,严厉的 ,朴素的98resign vt. 放弃 ,辞去 ;把交托给 ;使顺从 vi. 辞职99kernel n. 内核 n. 核心,中心,精髓100negative a. 否定的 ,消极的 ,负的,阴性的 n. 负数,负值,否定,否定语1. 2015 C 类精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - -

12、- - 2. 2014 C 类精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3. 2013 C 类31. The new star said to the journalists that she _ the opportunity to sho

13、w that she could play a serious film role. A. greeted B. rejoiced C. welcomed D. cheered 32. We haven t really _ a solution to the problem yet, which makes the boss really frustrated. A. built up B. fallen back on C. brought over D. come up with 33. Personally, I am _ banning cigarette smoking compl

14、etely, especially in public areas. A. in touch with B. apart from C. in favor of D. regardless of 34. Until a firm agreement has been reached, I am not _ to accepting the offer. A. accustomed B. dedicated C. committed D. entitled 35. The government is making every effort to _ an economic crisis, but

15、 it seems nothing could help. A. eliminate B. avert C. impede D. swerve 36. _ a serious crime, what exactly should you do? A. Unless you witness B. If you were to witness C. If only you witness D. since you witness 37. During examinations candidates are always supposed to stay in seats, keep their e

16、yes on the work, _ to anyone. A. and not speak B. but could not speak C. rather than speak D. instead of speaking 38. Realizing that he hadnt got enough money and _ to borrow any from his parents, he decided to sell his house. A. wanted not B. not to want C. wanting not D. not wanting 39. There s no

17、 point waiting here any longer. We _ go and have something to eat.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - A. can hardly B. are bound to C. might as well D. will have to 40. While many people may refer to up-to-minute news, it is unlikely th

18、at television and the Internet _ the newspapers completely. A. will replace B. replace C. are replacing D. have replaced 41. She married a very nice young architect from Belfast, _ she met on a bus during her journey to Northern Ireland. A. who B. when C. which D. where 42. It is a kind of illness t

19、hat can result in total blindness if _ A. to leave untreated B. is left untreated C. leaving untreated D. left untreated 43. -I m so disappointed with my son! He just wouldnt practice the piano! -Take it easy. You can lead _ to water, but you cant make it drink.A. a duck B. a horse C. a cow D. a dog

20、 44. -Good morning, Madam! Id like some information about the course.-Certainly. _ A. I m afraid I dont know more than you either. B. Is there anything I can do for you? C. What exactly would you like to know? D. How much information did you know? 45. - How do you feel about countries that dont try

21、to reduce global warming?- _, those countries care more about money than saving the planet. A. As far as Im concernedB. Its none of our businessC. We re not to blameD. Things are under control 4. 2012 C 类精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - -

22、- - 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - 5. 2011 C类31. After four days of talks, we are glad to announce that the union and management have reached an_. The agreement is fair and benefits both sides. A. accord B. accomplishment C. identi

23、ty D. undertaking 32. As the clerk _ prepared my milk shake, I wondered how long she had been working there, mindlessly making ice cream treats in a set order of steps. A. logically B. methodically C. graphically D. synthetically 33. As a boy he wanted to be a fireman. As a high school student, he t

24、hought hed like to become a teacher. Now he _ to be nothing more than a janitor. A. assumes B. prescribes C. aspires D. presumes 34. Regardless of what caused it, I am grateful that have finally reached a point in my life_ _I can appreciate my strengths, accept my weaknesses and try to be comfortabl

25、e with everything in between. A. why B. where C. which D. what 35. _information provided by members of the public, the police would have a much move 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - difficult job. A. Supposing B. Provided the C. If i

26、t were not for D. On condition that 36. Peter Brown was a painstaking writer; _, he once spent half a day on the composition of a single sentence. A. On the other hand B. Nevertheless C. Moreover D. For example 37.-What am I going to do about a present for Carol? -You_ some flowers. A. might have se

27、nt her B. must have sent her B.C. could send her D. would send her 38. Without the air holding in some of the suns heat, the earth _ cold at night, too cold for us to live on. A. will be freezing B. would be freezing C. an be frozen D. would be frozen 39. The students in our university each _ an Eng

28、lish dictionary. That is to say, each of the students in our university _ an English dictionary. A. have; has B. have; have C. has; have D. has; has 40. Heres your kitchen. I hope you enjoy cooking here. Is there _ else that you need? A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 41. David _ his

29、 business partner over plans to reduce the workforce. A. came down to B. broke down to C. fell out with D. went along with 42. _is this piece of equipment to be removed from the building. A. On no account B. Absolutely C. Scarcely D. Not at all 43. Helens parents were _ that she was still on the job

30、, but she had resigned. A. in doubt B. of the opinion C. under the impression D. with suspicion 44.-I dont think I will ever, in my life, win a lottery of five million dollars. -Well, _. Anything can happen. A. you made it B. you re kidding C. what you say D. you can never tell 45.-How did you find

31、the concert in the Grand Theatre last night? -_ but the conductor was perfect. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - A. I couldnt agree more B. I didnt think much of it C. I was crazy about it D. I really liked it 6. 2010 C 31. When Ian

32、was injured, Harry was chosen as last-minute for the rugby team. A. preference B. diversification C. alternative D. replacement 32.Hello, Mr. Brown, Im ringing about our component delivery. Its not arrived yet and its already three oclock in the afternoon.Let s see.its reach you on Tuesday afternoon

33、. A. owing to B. likely to C. due to D. subject to 33. Among the last groups of people to accept the new model were religious groups, who still the idea that the earth was the center of the universe. A. clung to B. applied to C. adapted to D. contributed to 34. Although apparently rigid, bones exhib

34、it a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to considerable impact. A. escape B. overwhelm C. withstand D. suppress 35.Would you like me to go to the dentist with you? No, you with me. A. need not to go B. need not go C. do not need go D. not need go 36. Lance returned to cycling and trainin

35、g only five months after he was diagnosed with cancer. A. aggressively B. drastically C. exactly D. initially 37. Great minds generally look at life in a way to themselves. A. peculiar B. confined C. similar D. unusual 38. They called in an electrician he could put a finger on the cause of the short

36、 circuit. A. to hope B. to be hoping C. hoping D. to have hoped 39. The resistance experienced when one body moves over another, it is in contact, is called frictional force. A. to which B. where C. with which D. while 40. Above all, they want to study a question: Are humans actually aware of the wo

37、rld they 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - live in? A. contrary B. fundamental C. solemn D. progressive 41.Tina, I hear you had a good journey to the Maldives last week, How was it? I enjoyed the beautiful scenery, but the hotel was

38、satisfactory. A. not anything B. nothing from C. nothing but D. anything but 42. At the beginning of the 20th century, people made coffee a cloth bag full of coffee grounds into boiling water. A. by dumping B. to dump C. for dumping D. that dumped 43. If you Susan recently, youd think the photograph

39、 on the right was strange. A. shouldnt contact B. hadn t contact C. weren t to contact D. didn t contact 44. Beata: Ive put the job advertisement in the newspaper, Mr. Trim.Trim: Good. Beata: Well, it was a bit more than the 10 that they quoted us. Trim: As long as it wasnt 10 a day. A. How to sched

40、ule it? B. How much was it? C. How often was it put there? D. How about the newspaper? 45. Woman: Who is Jackie Tow? I have a parcel here for him. Jackie: Thats me.Woman: Yes, put your name here. Jackie: Thank you. It must be the new pair of shoes I bought online. A. This is the receipt for it. B. D

41、o you have the senders address?C. I have to check the package D. Do I have to sign for it? 7. 2009 C 31. The businessmen discussed the contract _ but never actually signed anything. A. at length B. at sea C. at random D. at will 32. Accustomed to the coffee from Columbia _ Governor John said that _c

42、offee should always be strong. A./;a B.the;a C.a;a D./;/ 33._a well-balanced diet, _adequate sleep, is needed for good health. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - A. Alongside; with. B.Not only; but. C. Attached; to . D.Due to; so 34._

43、very familiar with inspection reports, I realized that some pages of this one were missing. A. To be B. That was C. Being D. So was 35. If you have not signed a contract, you are under no _ to pay them any money. A. responsibility B. liability C. circumstance D. obligation 36. As the market was _ go

44、ods, the economy became more balanced, and inflation went down. A. speculated on B. subscribed for C. saturated with D. submitted to 37. Surveys show that the majority of passengers are pleased that an agreement has been reached to forbid smoking on _ flights within the continental United States. A.

45、 economical B. commercial C. global D. internal 38. The new CEO asked that all inter-office communications _ in writing rather than in person, _ possible. A. have been made; whoever B. would be made; whichever C. be made; whenever D. stage bare of scenery 39. Written to be performed on a _, Thornton

46、 Wilder s play Our Town depicts life in a small New England community. A. stage scenery of bare B. bare of stage scenery C. scenery bare of stage D. stage bare of scenery 40._ school policy, the students had a holiday between Christmas and the New Year. A. On behalf of B. With regard to C. In line w

47、ith D. In case of 41. To sell the house, we made a _ to the buyer by agreeing to put a new roof on it. A. consideration B. commission C. concession D. confirmation 42. Never before _ available for quick and easy access in so many different fields of study. A. so much free information were B. has so

48、much free information been C. were so much free information D. so much free information has been 43. The computer company announced that the new software _ in the first half of next year. A. be released B. will have released C. would have released D. was going to be released 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - -

49、- - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - - 44.Tina: A group of us are going bowling on Tuesday night. Would you like to join us? Joe : I really would , but unfortunately I have a tennis lesson. Tina : Oh, thats too bad. _Joe : Yes, for sure. Thanks for the offer. A.

50、 How do you deal with that? B. Maybe another time then? C. When will you come back? D. Dont you really like bowling? 45. George : Hey, Agnes . How did the Human Resources meeting go? I couldnt make it because I was out at a sales conference. Agnes : Oh, George . _ It turned into a major argument. Ge