八年级英语(上)-高频词、常用短语、常用句型单元知识整理(共15页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上八年级英语（上） Unit 1一单词专心-专注-专业1 term n 学期 2. publish v出版，发行 3. editor n 编辑 4. suggest (suggestion) v(n)建议，提议 5. secretary n秘书 6. free adj 免费的 7. pay (paid) v付费 8. consider v考虑 9. activity n活动 10. nervous adj紧张的11. confidence n 自信心 12. return v归还，返回 13. lonely n 孤单的 14. polite adj有礼貌的 15marc

2、h n 齐步走16circle n 圈，圆形17include v. 包括18speech n 演说，发言19editor n 编辑20fan n 迷，狂热爱好者；风扇21band n 乐队22. library n 图书馆23. member n 成员24. pleased adj. 高兴的25. design n设计26. break n 课间休息，暂停27. department n 部门28. ever adv. 从来29. list n 清单，目录30. air n 天空，空中二短语1 take charge of 主管，掌管 2. vote for 投票赞成 3. take not

3、es 记录 4. be responsible for 负责 5. talk over 详谈 6. make a list of 把.列成清单 7. be free for 对.免费 8. for free 免费 9. make a decision about 对.作出决定10. in one weeks time 一周后 11. a copy of 一份 12. believe in oneself 相信自己 13. keep fit 保持健康14. have the habit of 有.的习惯15. try ones best 尽力16. get on well 相处得好 17. fo

4、r this reason 因为这样三重点句型1. It is important to know your readers opinion. 句型： It is + adj +(for sb) to do sth 做某事对某人来说2. sb. pay (money) for sth. 某人付钱买3. I started taking notes. 我开始做记录。 take notes 意思是“记录；做笔记”。 例句： He took notes of every word the teachers said in class. 他把课堂上老师说的每句都记录下来。4Should it be f

5、ree for readers, or should they pay for it? 读者是免费阅读报纸呢，还是应该付费。 be free for sb 对某人免费。 例句：The drink is free for all passengers. 饮料免费供给乘客。四段落/文章(A)Then Joyce took charge of the meeting. She said, “We ought to elect a secretary now.” She asked for suggestions.Jessica said, “Ben should be the secretary,

6、because he has experience too. He was the secretary of the Music Club last year.”Then the others voted for me. They elected me to be the secretary. I started taking notes.Joyce said, “Lucy, Tony and Jessica, you will be editors of the paper. You will be responsible for different sections of the pape

7、r.”Lucy asked, “Which sections will we have?”Joyce said, “Talk it over among yourselves. We will decide at the next meeting.”(B)Ben Where do you get a copy of the newspaper?Liu Mei Well, I usually try to get one for free from outside the library, but sometimes I borrow one from a friend.Ben Is there

8、 anything that you dont like about the newspaper?Liu Mei Well, if possible, Id like it to have one more section about school life in foreign countries.Ben Thanks for your opinions. They have helped a lot(C)After that, we took part in some activities. There were nineteen game stalls around the park.

9、Each stall had a different game in it. I played at one of the stalls. In the game, people tried to throw table tennis balls into big jars. It was good fun.I also had time to run around and look at the other stalls. At the end of the day, we sat in pairs and sang some songs. It was wonderful to see s

10、o many friends together. I really enjoyed that dayUnit 2一单词1murder 谋杀 v2. suspect嫌疑犯 n3. enemy 敌人 n4. jeans 牛仔裤 n5. case 调查的案件 n 6. death死亡 n7. manager 经理 n8. ticket 票 n9. centre 中心 n10. detective 警探 n11. mark迹象 n12. clerk 职员 n13 jacket 夹克衫 n14. mud 泥 n15. vase 花瓶 n16. admit 承认 v 17. enter进来 v18. re

11、fuse 拒绝 v19. invite 邀请 v 20. mean 意味着 v21. spell 拼写 v22. necklace 项链 n 23. notice注意到 24. guilty有过失的 25. rather非常二短语1. at the back of 在的后部 2. at the front 在前部 3. at the time of在期间是 4. as well as除之外(还) 5. admit doing sth. 承认做某事 6. be angry with (someone) 生某人的气 7. behind bars 坐牢 8. breakdown打倒（砸破）9. br

12、eak into强行闯入 10. by underground乘地铁11. bump into someone/something碰/撞上某人或某物 12. deny doing sth. 否认做某事13. from a distance 从远处 14. get away逃离15. go in进入 16. go to jail 进监狱17. in addition to除以外（还） 18. instead of代替19. kill oneself 自杀 20. knock at敲（门窗）21. lose money输钱/亏损 22. no longer 不再 23. not at all 一点

13、也不 24. refuse to(do something)拒绝做谋事25. say goodnight to (someone)向某人道晚26. take away 拿走27. the sameas和同样的 28 work as 从事三重点句型1. They both denied stealing the vase, but I noticed Jill wearing a black pearl necklace. 他们俩都不承认偷了那个花瓶，但我注意到Jill戴着一条黑色珍珠项链。 deny sth/doing sth 否认，不承认（做某事） He denied stealing my

14、 money. 他不承认偷了我的钱。2. I was right -it did make her happy, 我是对的-那确实使她开心。 助动词do/does/did + V-原形 表示强调：“确实是“ I do like this hat. 我确实喜欢这顶帽子。3. I left the window in the room open because of the smoke from the fire. 我让房间的窗户开着是因为壁炉的烟。 leave sth. 使保持某一状态 Who left the door open? 谁让门开着的？4. He wanted to make Jil

15、l go to jail instead of himself. 他想让Jill 代替他进监狱。 Go to jail 进监狱 You have to go to jail if you steal other peoples things. 如果你偷别人的东西，你就得进监狱。 Instead of + sb/ sth 代替（某人/某事） I bought a I-shirt instead of a dress 我买了一件T-shirt, 没有买裙子。四段落(A)Mr Ken worded as a detective. He hoped to find the guilty and pro

16、tect the innocent. He told Lucy about a recent case.Mr Li, a rich man, bought a very expensive vase and showed it to his friends Jill and Jenny. But later, someone stole it. So Mr Ken went to his house to look for clues. He found a black pearl earring near the open safe. There was a lot of mud on th

17、e ground but the carpet in the room was clean. And he noticed Jill wearing a necklace with the same design as the earring. Jill became the suspect. She admitted the earring was hers but someone stole it from her. What did all these things mean? Mr Ken thought no thief broke into Lis house. He questi

18、oned Li and Li had to admit stealing his own vase for the insurance money. Who went to jail in the end? Instead of Jill, Mr Li was behind bars.（B）I wanted to see Jill again, so on my way home from work, I stopped at a telephone box and called her. I invited her to the cinema that evening. She agreed

19、 to go with me, so we arranged to meet outside the cinema at seven oclock.At that time of day, it is very difficult to get a taxi. I could not find one, so I took the bus instead. I arrived at the cinema around ten minutes early. Next to the cinema is a bookshop, so I went in to look around while I

20、waited for Jill. I started reading a book about world-famous crimes. It was really interesting! In fact, it was so interesting that I forgot the time. I was late.When I arrived, Jill was really angry. She refused to speak to me at first. How could I make her happy? “I know!” I thought. “I will buy h

21、er some chocolate.” I went to the sweet shop and bought a large bar of chocolate. I was right-it did make her happy, and we went in to see the film.(C) Yesterday was a very busy day. I solved two cases. The first case was about a bank robbery. A man entered a bank in the city centre with a gun. He t

22、ook away thousands of dollars. The bank manager called the police, but it was too late. The robber got away. The suspect in the case was Tim Smith. At first, Tim denied being the robber. He said he was watching a film in the cinema at the time of the robbery. However, I had proof. One of the custome

23、rs in the bank at that time took a photo to Tim. He then admitted his crime. In the second case, a lady called Susan Brown bought a beautiful vase for fifty thousand dollars. The owner of the shop called the police because Susan had used forged banknotes to pay for the case. We brought her to the po

24、lice station, She said that she got the notes from the bank and that the bank clerk must have fooled her. However, when I searched her flat, I found half a million dollars in forged notes. She kept them in a safe in the wall. Susan then admitted printing the notes herself. I returned the beautiful v

25、ase to the shop.Unit 3一单词1. hardly adv. 几乎不, 几乎没有 2. type v. 打字, 键入3. operate v. 操作, 使运行 4. railway n. 铁路, 铁道5. mistake n. 错误 6. hold v. 容纳, 包含7. company n. 公司 8. height n. 高度9. weight n. 重量 10. else adv. 其他的, 别的11.disagree v.不同意 12. price n. 价格13.share v. 共享，共有 14. touch v. 触摸15.message n. 消息信息 16.

26、 smile v. 微笑17. judge n. 法官, 审判官 18. keyboard n. 键盘19. supply n. 供应, 补给 20. link v. 连接21. wide adj. 广泛的, 宽阔的22. internet n. 互联网23. research n. 研究, 调查二短语1. be unaware of 没意识到, 不知道2. be dependent on 依靠, 依赖3. more importantly 更重要的是4. the answer to 的答案5. have great understanding of 对很深的了解6. for the time

27、 being 暂时、眼下、目前7. make mistakes / make a mistake 犯错8. spoken languages 口语9. written languages 书面语言10. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做事11. linktogether 把连接起来12. more and more 越来越多三重点句型1. Not so many years ago, you hardly ever saw computers.也就那么几年前，你还几乎看不到有电脑。 hardly 意思是：“几乎不，几乎没有“是个否定意义的副词。 It was so dark t

28、hat I could hardly see. 天那么黑，我简直看不见了。2. , but you might be unaware of them. ., 但你可能还没意识到。 be unaware of 意思是“没意识到；不知道” be aware of “意思到，明白” Everybody is aware of the importance of English. 每个人都认识到了英语的重要性。3. You are more dependent on computers than you know. 你对电脑的依赖要比你所知道的更多。 be dependent on 依赖，依靠 She

29、 is completely dependent on her daughter for money. 她花的钱完全靠从女儿那里得到。4. The answer to this question is, for the time being, “No”. 目前来说，这个问题的答案是“不” The answer to.意思是“.的答案” Please find out the answer to this question in the article. 请在文章中找出这个问题的答案。四段落/文章（A） Hidden helpersNot so many years ago, you hardl

30、y ever saw computers. Now they seem to be everywhere. There are also many hidden “computers” in your home, but you might be unaware of them. For example, there may be one inside your TV set, telephone or washing machine. You are more dependent on computers than you know. （B）Is a computer cleverer th

31、an I am?The answer to this question is, for the time being, “No”. You have greater understanding of the meaning of things than computers and can also create new ideas of your own. However, one day computers may be able to do more things than a human brain. In the future, they may even be better at d

32、oing their jobs than doctors, judges and teachers.This raises interesting questions. How will computers change our lives? Will we have nothing to do? Will computers make our lives better or worse in the future?（C）How do we give a computer instructions?We give a computer instructions by putting diffe

33、rent programs into it. “Computer programmers” write computer programs. It is essential for these people not to make mistakes. Otherwise, the computer will not work. A computer needs different programs to do different jobs. For example, playing games, writing letters and drawing pictures all need dif

34、ferent programs. There are also different languages for different programs. To write a program, people need to know this language. Sometimes a computer programmer may know many different languages. However, computer languages are not spoken languages like Chinese or English but written languages. Al

35、so, only the computer and the programmer can understand them!（D）The History of the InternetA research team in the USA first had the idea of linking computers together in the 1960s. They wanted computers in universities, research departments and the military to communicate with each other and share i

36、nformation. At that time, computers were bigger than fridges. People could not move them easily. Computers were also complicated and difficult to use. Slowly, more and more people started to link their computers together. Then businessmen started to use the Internet too. Today, people all over the w

37、orld are using the Internet. Unit 4一单词1. main v. 主要的2. pull v. 拉3. citizen n. 公民4. stupid adj. 愚蠢的5. fight v. 打战6. succeed v. 成功7. trick n. 诡计8. respect n. 尊敬9. concern n. 担忧10. pretend v. 假装11celebrate v 庆祝12prisoner n. 犯人13fact n 事实14marry v 结婚15punish v惩罚16accept v 接受17control v 控制18army n. 军队19t

38、rade v.做买卖20disaster n灾难21silent adj. 沉默的22guard n. 卫兵，看守23.square n. 广场24. gift n 礼物25. wave n 波浪26. object n 物体二短语1. make jokes about 开的玩笑2. succeed in 办成3. with a trick 通过一个计谋4. be made of 用做的5. send to prison 把送进监狱6. show respect to 尊重7. feel like 想要8. take care of 照顾9. put in prison 关进监狱10. pra

39、y to. 祈祷，祷告11. rush down 急促冲下12. on wheels 下面装着轮子的13. pour. into把倒进14. along with 与. 同样地三重点句型 1. How excited Archimedes was！ 阿基米德是多么地兴奋啊！ 感叹句：How + adj/adv + 主语 + 谓语 ！ 2. It was too big for them to take with them. 那木马太大了，他们带不走。 Too.to “太。以至于不能。” 例句： He is too young to go to school. 他太小了，还不能上学。3. The

40、y sang and danced around the horse and made jokes about the stupid Greeks.他们围着木马载歌载舞，笑话愚蠢的希腊人。 make jokes about sb. “开某人的玩笑” 例句：She is happy now. dont make jokes about her. 她现在不高兴，别开她的玩笑了。4. In one night, they succeeded in capturing in with a trick. 一夜之间，他们利用计策成功地拿下了它（伊洛伊城） Succeed in doing sth “成功地

41、做了某事，办到，做成” 例句： The astronauts succeeded in returning from the moon to the earth according to the plan. 宇航员们按计划成功地从月球返回地球。四段落/文章( A )By midnight, the square was empty, except for the giant horse. The Greek soldiers inside the wooden horse waited for another hour, to be sure. Then they opened the sec

42、ret door in the side of the horse and climbed out very quietly. They opened the main gates. Outside stood the Greek army.The army entered the city, seized the captain and dragged him away, along with many other prisoners. For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city of Troy by fighting. In o

43、ne night, they succeeded in capturing it with a trick.( B )Archimedes went to the palace to weigh the crown. It weighed only one kilogram. He put the crown in a pot of water. Five centimetres of water came out. He then put one kilogram of gold in another pot of water. Three centimetres of water came

44、 out of this pot. Archimedes said to King Hiero, “ Silver made the crown bigger. The crown displaced more water so it is not completely made of gold. It is made of both gold and silver.”( C )There are also gods and goddesses of the home, of war, of music, of the city and of fire. The Greeks held many festivals to show respect to them. They built temples to be the gods and goddesses homes. People prayed and gave gifts to the gods and goddesses to make their wishes