初中英语被动语态的教案(教学设计)(共6页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初二英语 被动语态一、 语态概述 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。 例如:Many people speak English. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。判断:看我上面举的例子,你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动? He opened t
2、he door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)说明:好了,现在我们对被动语态的句子形式有了一个形象的认识,但英语句子是千变万化的,这时就需要你有“火眼金睛”了。下面老师就来具体讲一讲被动语态的构成。 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。说明:别看英语中一会儿主动被动一会儿现在时一会儿过去时啥的,好像看得咱们眼花缭乱啦。其实呢,这么一堆东西归纳起来,就两点:时态和语态。 一般现在时:amisaretaught 一般过
3、去时:wasweretaught 一般将来时:willshall betaught 现在进行时:amisare beingtaught 过去进行时:havehas beentaught 现在完成时:havehas beentaught 歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。说明:那么,什么时候用被动语态呢?简单的说,凡是汉语中带“被”的句子,都能转换成英语的被动语态。三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如: Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book
4、 was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。 例如:the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要;动作承受者需强调,被动语态运用到。 主动态和被动态指的是动词形式,是词法概念;而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构,从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主
5、动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子,而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。 补充内容: 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如: All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes ar
6、e madeby themin the factory. 歌诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。 五、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词be过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 歌诀是:情态动词变动,情态加be加“过分”,原来带to要保留。例如: We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. You ought to take it away. It ought to be t
7、aken away. They should do it at once. It should be done at once. 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often s
8、ings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used21 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep2 -Id like to buy that
9、 coat.-Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left5 Doctors _ in every
10、 part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need6 His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published31 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking2 These papers_yet. A. have
11、 not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written3 The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt41 -My shoes are worn out.A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended?2 _ the watch be
12、en repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D . Are3 _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do51 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held2 Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D.
13、written by3 Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am61 The flowers _ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water2 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be
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