主谓一致导学案(共6页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上主谓一致 SubjectVerb Agreement（一）四大原则1、 语法一致原则：即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。（即单复数形式与谓语要一致。）2、 意义一致原则：即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。（即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。）3、 就近原则：即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。4、 随前原则（就远原则）：“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语与主语一致（二） 分类讲解一、语法一致原则1、单数主语，不定式

2、，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数 1.) A student is studying English. 2.) Serving the people is my great happiness. 3.) When we deliver the goods hasnt beendecided. 4.) When and where we will go hasnt been decided.但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是 “be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。 1.)What you did is right. 2.)What you need are these dictio

3、naries.2、 复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式 All the students _(is/ are) clever. They _(like/ likes) English very much.3、 用and或bothand 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。 Both my father and my mother _ (is/ are) farmers. What I think and what I do _ (has/ have) been fairly in disagreement.注意:(1.)当and连接的并

4、列单数名词前有each，every, no或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。 No student and no teacher _ (has/ have) been given a task. Every flower and every bush _ (is/ are) to be cut down. (2.)当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。 A thief and murderer was sentenced to death. The worker and writer _ (is/ are) from Wuh

5、an. The worker and the writer _ (is/ are) from Beijing. 4、不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式; Something _ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch. Anybody who _ (break / breaks) the rule will be punished. 5、 each

6、of/either of./one of谓语动词用单数.none of/neither of可单可复，根据说话人的意思决定；*但代表不可数名词时，用单数 1.) Each of the students _ (has / have) a book. 2) None of us _ (is/ are) perfect. 3) Neither of them _（know/knows）the answer. 4) None of this _（worry/ worries）me. None of this money _ (is/ are) mine. *neither作形容词时与单数名词连用，谓

7、语动词用单数。 Neither statement _ (is/ are) true. 6、 “many a +单数名词 more than one+单数名词1.) Many a foreigner_ (has / have) been to the Great Wall. 4.) Many a man_ (believes/ believe) the story. 5.) More than one man _ (has/ have) died in the accident. 6.) More than five men _ (has/ have) died in the accident

8、. 7. Some /a lot of /half of /the rest of /part of/plenty of/分数（%）+of/ the majority of + 名词”等作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。 Two-thirds of the students _ (come/ comes) from countryside. Ninety percent of the work _ (has/ have) been done. 8. 定语从句中的主谓一致。 (1)与先行词一致。定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which 时，从句谓语动词

9、应与先行词保持一致。 I, who _ (be) your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you. which/as代替一句话内容,谓语动词用单数 As _ (is/ are) known, I am beautiful. (3) one of +复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用复数形式; the only/exact one of+复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用单数形式。 Tom is one of the students who_ (is/ are) good at playing football. Tom i

10、s the only one of the students who_ (is/ are) good at playing football. 二、 意义一致原则： 9. 集体名词family, audience, crew, club, class, company, committee, party, crowd group, army, government, the public等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果指集体中的各个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。 The group _ (is/ are) made up of nine students. The group

11、_ (is/ are) dancing happily. 注意1：集合名词cattle, clothes, people, the police表示复数意义谓语动词永远复数.people 民族（可数名词，peoples) The Chinese people _ (is/ are) a brave people. Chinese people_ (is/ are) making our country richer and richer. 2. Population The population of China _ (is/ are) over 1.3billion and 80% of t

12、he population_(is/ are) farmers.10.表示时间、距离、金钱，度量衡等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词则用单数形式;Two years _ (has/ have) passed since I left Ningbo; One million dollars _ (is/ are) a great sum of money. 11. 有些名词如：fish, deer, sheep, means, works, species, 等用作单数或复数均可，谓语动词随其含义而定。 This glass works _ (is/ are) built in 19

13、78. Two steel works_ (is/ are) east of the city . Every means_ (has/ have) been tried. Many species _ (has/ have) died out. 12. 学科名词，或 以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时，如physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics. statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。 Physics _ (is/ are) a fun

14、damental subject in science. 13. 成双成对出现的复数名词如glasses, shoes, trousers, pants, gloves, socks, slippers, scissors等作主语时，谓语通常用复数，*但如果前有a/the pair of, a/the suit of等词语修饰时，谓语动词与pair, suit等一致，用单数 1) My trousers _ (is/ are) very nice. 2) A pair of shoes _ (is/ are) under the bed. 14. 主语是疑问代词who, what, which

15、, 不定代词all, more, most, any, none等以及名词half, part, the rest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视它们所代指的名词而定。 1.) Which _(is/ are) more valuable, health or wealth? 2.) Which_ (is/ are) prettier, these or those? 3.) We had some paper, but the rest _ (was/ were) put back. 15. theadj.作主语,theadj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the old, t

16、he young, the rich, the poor等The old _ (is/ are) taken good care of in our society. The rich _ for the decision but the poor _ against it. (was/ were)16. a/this/that + kind of +名词（单数或复数）作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果主语是kinds（types) of+名词或复数名词of+ a ( this, that）kind时，谓语动词用复数形式。即 kind(s) of +n.,谓语与kind一致 n. +of this

17、 kind 谓语与名词一致 The kind of apples _ (sell/ sells ) well. Men of this kind _ (is/ are) dangerous . 注意 : 由kind, form, type, species, series 等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数，而不是他们后面所跟的名词. This new type of machine_ (is/ are) now on show. Some new forms of art _ (was/ were) discussed at the meeting. 17. 主语是a large/

18、small quantity/amount of +名词（可数或不可数）谓语动词用单数；如果是“large (great) quantifies/ amounts of +名词（可数或不可数）”时，谓语动词要用复数。也就是说谓语动词随quantity/amount的单复数而定 There _(is/ are) a large quantity of milk/apples on the farm. Large quantities of water /coal/bricks _(is/ are) needed here.18. a number of （a group of , a varie

19、ty of)+名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；The number of(the variety of.) +名词复数谓语动词用单数形式。 A number of workers _(is/ are) out of work. The number of the students in our school _(is/ are) eight thousand. 19. 两数相减或相除,谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。 Sixty minus seventeen _(leave/ leaves) forty-three. Six and eight _(make

20、s/make) fourteen. 20、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。 “The Arabian Nights”_ (is/ are) an interesting story-book. The United States _ (is/ are) on the south of Canada. 21.名词性物主代词作主语，谓语动词根据指代对象而定 Your shoes are white; Mine_ (is/ are) black. His coat _ yellow; Hers_red. (is/ are)三. 就近一致原则谓语动词的

21、单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。22. 由or, nor, either.or, neither.nor, not only.but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。1. You or she _ (is/ are) good at English. 2._ (Are/ Is) either you or he wrong? 23. 以here, there开头的句子，谓语动词的单复数形式看后面的主语而定，如果主语不止一个，谓语动词于最近的主语保持一致。 Here _(is/ are)some bread. There _ (is/ are)a pen

22、and three pencils on the desk.24. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 Such _(is/ are) the result. Such _(is/ are) the facts. On the wall _ (is/ are) many pictures. 四：随前原则 25.当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with ,like, rather than, together with , but , except, besides, ,including等引导的词组时，其

23、谓语动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。 1. The teacher with two students _ (was / were)at the meeting . 2. E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 1) They, together with Tom, _(is/ are) going to swim this afternoon . 2) No one b

24、ut your parents _ (was/ were) there then. 3) He, like you and your brother, _(is/ are) very clever. 4) The teacher, including his students, _ (has/ have) going to see Professor Tell. 5) Mary, together with his sisters _ (has/ have) gone back.高考真题:1. Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused

25、hearing loss in some teenagers. （10湖南）A. is B. are C. has D. have2. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who_evening dress. （10全国）A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn3. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990. (09山东25)A. is

26、 B. are C. has been D. have been 4. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _visit Beijing this summer. (09陕西7)A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to5. The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. (09四川17)A. a

27、re; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was6. Did you go to the show last night? Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _ invited. (08陕西15)A. wereB. have beenC. has beenD. was7. A survey of the opinions of experts _ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ good for ones health.(07江西25)A.show; are

28、B.shows; isC.show; isD.shows; are8. We live day by day，but in the great things，the time of days and weeks _so small that a day is unimportant.(07湖南30)A.isB.are C.has beenD.have been9. As a result of the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area_.(07陕西9)A.need repairing B.needs to repairC

29、.needs repairingD.need to repair10. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. (06浙江7)A.isB.areC.wasD.were11. Most of what has been said about the Smiths _ also true of the Johnsons.(06安徽30)A.areB.isC.beingD.to be12. A poet a

30、nd artist _coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.(06江苏34)A.isB.areC.wasD.were13. Professor Smith，along with his assistants, _on the project day and night to meet the deadline. (05上海31)A.workB.workingC.is workingD.are working14. With more forests being destroy

31、ed，huge quantities of good earth _ each year. (05山东25)A.is washing awayB.is being washed awayC.are washing awayD.are being washed away15. The teacher，with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class，_visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.(04北京28)A.wasB.wereC.had beenD.would be16. No one in the department but Tom and I_ that the director is going to resign.(04上海春30)A.knows B.knowC.have known D.am to know专心-专注-专业