形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式及用法(共7页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 形容词/副词比较级最高级变化形式及用法 1 、一般情况下单音节或双音节形容词（或副词）比较级er最estclevercleverercleverest fewfewerfewest smallsmallersmallest youngyoungeryoungest talltallertallest longlonger longestshortshortershortest strongstrongerstrongest warmwarmerwarmestslowslowerslowest oldolderoldest highhigherhighestlight

2、lighterlightest fastfasterfastest greatgreatergreatestcoolcoolercoolest cleancleanercleanest cheapcheapercheapestquickquickerquickest 2、以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；nicenicernicest latelaterlatest ableablerablest bravebraverbravest(勇敢的)cutecutercutest largelargerlargest closecloserclosest（亲密的）

3、 finefinerfinest whitewhiterwhitest free freerfreest(免费的)3、以“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词， 把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；easyeasiereasiest happyhappierhappiest earlyearlierearliest busybusierbusiest heavyheavierheaviest dirtydirtierdirtiest lazylazierlaziest drydrierdriest prettyprettierprettiestfunnyfunnierfunniest 4、在（

4、即：辅音元音辅音）中，先双写末尾的，比较级加-er，最高级加-est； fatfatterfattest thinthinnerthinnest hothotterhottest fitfitterfittest(合适的) redredderreddest wetwetterwettest bigbiggerbiggest sadsaddersaddest5、其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most； beautifulmorebeautifulmost beautiful carefulmore carefulmost carefulintelligentmor

5、e intelligentmost intelligent expensive delicious（美味的） popular（流行的） important（重要的） interesting（有趣的） afraid（害怕）quickly（迅速地的） quietly (安静地) 6、少数单音节词也这样； pleasedmore pleasedmost pleasedtiredmore triedmost tired7、少数不规则形容词、副词的比较级和最高级,必须熟记。good/ wellbetterbest littlelessleast bad/illworseworstoldolder/eld

6、eroldest/eldest many/muchmoremost farfurther/farther furthest（表示距离）/farthest（表示程度）特别提醒：further不仅可以指“距离更远”，还可指“程度更深”。记住以下三个词组：further study(进修)further education(继续教育) further information (进一步的信息)elder仅用于同辈之间的排行，如: elder sister(姐姐) elder brother (哥哥)less作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词表示“更少”要用fewer。特别提醒：以形容前缀u

7、n构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如：unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest 以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加 more，most如：Slowly-more slowly-most slowly quickly-more quickly-most quickly特别提醒：early -earlier-earliest由ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如knowknown)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。interesting-more interesting-most inte

8、resting excited-more excited-most excitingtired-more tired -mosttired boring-more boring-most boring少数单音节词前面加 more, most 构成比较级和最高级，这类形容词一般为表语形容词和由过去分词变成的形容词 afraid -more afraid, most afraid tired - more tired , most tired fond - more fond , most fond glad -more glad , most glad bored - more bored ,

9、most bored pleased- more pleased , most pleased下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式，即：既可加-er/-est也可加more/moststrict, often, friendly, clever下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高（即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级）如：empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favorite, true, right, correct, extremely . 比较应在同类事物之间进行。误：Your English

10、is better than me.正：Your English is better than mine.你的英语比我的（英语）好。比较级前可以有一个表示程度的状语，最常见的三大修饰词是：a little, much, even。My sister is a little taller than me.我姐姐比我高一点。Their house is much larger than ours.他们的房间比我们的（房间）大。另外，名词短语也可修饰比较级，说明程度。Im three years older than he.我比他大三岁。特别提醒：very, enough,quite, too不可修

11、饰比较级，只能修饰原级。He is very clever.他很聪明。The dress is too small for me to wear.这个裙子我穿着太小了。He is clever enough to work out the problem.他足够得聪明，能解出这个难题。 避免重复使用比较级。误：He is more kinder to small animals than I.正：He is much kinder to small animals than I.他对动物比我（对动物）和善。误：He is more cleverer than his brother.正：He

12、is cleverer than his brother.他比他弟弟聪明。比较要符合逻辑，在同一范围内比较时，避免将主语含在比较对象中，这时需使用other来排除自身。误：China is larger that any country in Asia.正：China is larger than any other country in Asia.中国比亚洲的其它国家要大。误：John studies harder than any student in his class.正：John studies harder than any other student in his class.正

13、：John studies harder than any of the other students in his class.正：John studies harder than anyone else in his class.约翰是他们班级里最用功的学生。（三种表达法）比较要遵循前后一致的原则，注意前后呼应。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.上海的人口比北京多。It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.制定计划比执行计划要容易。 序数词通常只修饰最高

14、级。Africa is the second largest continent.南非是第二大陆。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二大长河。This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson.这是迈克尔.杰克逊第三流行的歌。后置定语为 of 引起的介词短语，则通常用 that。误：In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than it of Shanghai.正：In winter, the weath

15、er of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.冬天，北京的天气比上海的天气冷。 “否定词 + 比较级”相当于最高级。-I couldnt agree more. The idea sounds great to me.我完全同意你。这个主意听起来对我来说很重要。Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing.没有什么事情比这个更难了。（这个是最难的） 比较级前一般不加冠词。但表示两者中较突出者，且比较级后又有名词或出现了of t

16、he two，这时比较级前一定要加the。He is the taller of the two.他是两个人之中高的一个。Of the two jobs，he chose the harder.在这两个工作中，他选择难一些的。Which is the younger one, Lily or Lucy?哪一个更年轻，莉莉还是露西？试比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?加拿大，澳大利大哪一个（领土面积）大？Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?加拿大，澳大利亚，哪一个（领土面积）大？She i

17、s taller than her two sisters.她比她两个妹妹要高。She is the taller of the two sisters.她是他们两个姐妹中高的一个。不含than 的比较级前可加不定冠词修饰，构成“a/an+比较级+单数可数名词”表示“一个更的人/物”。Why dont you use a sharper knife? 你为什么不用一把更锋利的刀呢？比较级than 后应用人称代词的主格，但非正式语体中常用宾格。He is taller than I/me.他比我高。为避免重复，比较级中同样的动词用助动词do, does, did替代。I spend less t

18、ime doing homework than John does.我比约翰花费在做作业上的时间少。She tells more funny jokes than we do.她讲的有趣笑话比我们（讲的）多。形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.他是很重要的问题。倍数表达法 A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.The new building is fou

19、r times the size(the height)of the old one.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大（高）/这座新楼比那座旧楼大（高）三倍。A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍。A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.Your school is three times bigger than ours.你

20、们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double.形容词副词比较级最高级重点句型归纳句型一：形容词或副词比较级+than注意事项：该句型为比较级的最基本句型。只要看到than，即可确定前面使用比较级。He is taller than I am.他比我高。The boy does his homework more carefully than the girl.这个男孩做作业比这个男孩认真。句型二：less + 形容词的原级 + than注意事项：该句型表示“不如、不及”，特别需要注意的是，less本身就是little的比较级，后面必须跟形容

21、词的原级，否定就造成了比较级的重复使用。This computer is less expensive than that one.这台电脑比那台便宜。句型三：as +形容词或副词的原级+ as注意事项：该句型表示对比的两者程度相当，as之间必须跟形容词或副词的原级，决不能使用比较级。此外，还要确定使用形容词还是副词。确定的依据就是根据第一个as前的动词，如果是系动词（如be，感官动词look, sound, smell, taste, feel等），那么就用形容词的原级，如果前面的动词是一般的实义动词，那么就必须用副词的原级修饰动词。This lesson is as easy as tha

22、t one.这节课和那节课一样容易。Lucy talks with old people as politely as her sister.露西和老人交谈和与他妹妹交谈一样礼貌。特别提醒：asas之间也可以跟名词，句型如下： as +形容词+ a/an +单数名词+as He is as kind a person as his father. 他和他爸爸一样都是善良的人。 as + many/much+不可数名词/可数名词复数+as I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸，我也能。 I have as many books as you d

23、o. 我的书和你的一样多。 Well give you as much help as we can. 我们将尽我们所能给你帮助。 其它几个关于asas的句型： as as one can：尽其所能 He began to run as fast as he could. 他尽其所能跑得快。 as as possible：尽可能Please helpusas quickly as possible.请尽可能地帮助我们。 as soon as一就 He will call me as soon as he comes here.他一来这儿就会给我打电话。句型四：not as/so +形容词或副词

24、的原级+ as注意事项：该句型表示“前者不如后者”，往往可以与句型一和句型二替换。第一个as可以换为so。This classroom is not as bright as yours.这个教室没有你们的明亮。I cannot run as fast as you.我跑步不如你快。句型五：the +形容词或副词最高级+ in / of / among +比较范围注意事项：如果这里为副词最高级，前面的the常常省略。介词in和of的用法完全不一样。in表示“在某一范围内”，如：in the classroom，in the world。of表示“在同类之间”，of后面的词与主语同类，另名词前一般有冠词the。among表示“在（三者或三者以上）之间”，among后接代词或没有修饰语的名词。The Yangtze River（The Changjiang River） is the longest river in our country.长江是我们国家中最长的河流。Peter is the tallest of the six students.皮特是六个学生中最高的一个。This picture is the most beautiful among these.在这些画中，这张画是最美的。专心-专注-专业