小升初英语----代词(共17页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上代 词一教学内容1复习上节课的内容，巩固上节课的重难点2新课讲解一、定义与分类代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）的变化。其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化。物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。这三种代词的形式

2、变化表如下：人称单复数主 格宾 格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单 数Imemyminemyself复 数weusouroursourselves第二人称单 数youyouyouryoursyourself复 数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单 数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfititits无itself复 数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves三、人称代词的用法1) 定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数（单数、复数）以及性

3、（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。如：I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student.Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing.The boys are students, and they are in the room.The doy is small. It is Toms.2) 人称代词的句法功能A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(

4、主语)She and I are good friends(主语).Neither she nor I am student.I saw the boys this morning.Are you sure it was they(表语)?It might have been she.C) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语，或者介词的宾语。如：I saw him at the party(宾语).I havent seen them recently.(宾语)I bought a book for them.(作介词宾语)=I bought them a book.(间接宾语)三、物主代词的用

5、法1）定义：物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在句中只用作定语，相当于一个形容词，不能单独使用；名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，相当于一个名词词组，可以单独使用，在句中用作主语、宾语、表语、和介词of连用。如：Here is my dog. Its name is Tom.（形容词性物主代词） My sister lost her bicycle.Is that coffee yours or hers? (名词性物主代词)2) 名词性物主代词的句法功能 a. 作主语如： May I use your pen? Yours works better. b. 作宾语如：I

6、 love my motherland as much as you love yours. 我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。c. 作介词宾语I am writing with your pen, not with mine.d. 作表语如：My life is yours. Its yours. Its yours. 我的生命属于你，属于你，属于你。3） 形容词性物主代词的用法A) 形容词性物主代词与形容词一起修饰名词时,其顺序是:形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词。如: my new bike 我的新自行车 her young son 她年幼的儿子B) 形容词性物主代词所修饰的名词可以是单

7、数,也可以是复数。如: my pen我的钢笔 his books他的书C) 形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,它后面必须跟名词,即在名词前作定语。如:这是我的钢笔.误This pen is my.正This is my pen.D) 当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用冠词a, an或the来修饰名词。如:那是我的自行车.误That is my a bike. / That is a my bike.正That is my bike.3)当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用指示代词this, that, these或those来修饰名词。如:他们的电脑在这儿。误Their those

8、computers are here.(或Those their computers are here.)正Their computers are here. 注意：A) 名词性物主代词后不能跟名词，或代词one。它总是单独出现在句中。如：The umbrella is mine.He likes my pen. He doesnt like hers. B) 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。 如：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue an

9、d your bag is pink. 为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink. C) 名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的 -s属格结构.如： Jacks cap 意为 The cap is Jacks. His cap 意为 The cap is his. D) 可以说 a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)，=one of my friends；但是不能说 a friend of me (us, you, he

10、r, him, them)。E) 有时同一个结构用不用物主代词会导致含义的变化。如：Dot lose heart. 别灰心She lost her heart to Jim. 她爱上了吉姆。指示代词1. 指示代词的定义：指示人或物的代词，这些代词可译为“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”指示代词有数的变化，其形式见下表单数 复数this 这个these 那个that 这些those 那些2. 指示代词的用法（1）指示代词后面所接动词不尽相同：this和that 后面是单数形式：these和those后面是复数形式This / That is a desk. 这/那是一张桌子。These / Tho

11、se are desks. 这些/那些是桌子。（2）指示代词在意义上有远近的差别：this和these指在空间上较近的事物；that 和those指空间上较远的事物This is my book. That is your book. 这是我的书。那是你的书。These are your gifts. Those are my gifts. 这些是你的礼物，那些是我的礼物。（3）this 和that 可以用来代替前面说过的话I didnt put my shoes away. This made my mother angry. 我没有把自己的鞋收起来，这令妈妈很生气。Mr Smith is

12、a warn-hearted person. That is why we like him very much. 史密斯先生是个热心肠，这是我们非常喜欢他的原因。疑问代词1. 疑问代词在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句，主要用于询问“何人”“何物”“什么”。小学阶段的常用的疑问代词有who , whose , which和what2. 疑问代词的用法（1）who只能用于对人的提问，意为“谁”Who is on duty today? 谁今天值日？Who knows the girl in red? 谁认识那个穿红衣服的女孩？（2）whose 也用于对人的提问，询问所有关系，意为“谁的”Whose b

13、ook is this? 这是谁的书？Whose pencils are those in the pencil-case? 文具盒中的那些铅笔是谁的？小提示who 和whose都用于对人的提问，但whose询问的是所有关系，相当于一个定语，所以whose后常跟名词，而who则没有此种用法 (3) which可用于对人、事、物的提问，意为“哪一个”Which one is your brother?Which one do you like best, an apple , a banana or an orange?Which way shall we go?(4) what 可用于对事或物

14、的提问，意为“什么What are you doing?What day is it today?不定代词1.不定代词的定义：不具体指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词不定代词复合不定代词不可数可数可数或不可数不可数little不多的a little 少量much 许多few 很少a few 一些many 很多both 两者都oOther(s) anotherneither两者都不either 两者之一each 每个all 全部no 无some 一些any 任何such 如此somebody/ someone 某人something 某事或某物anybody/anyone 任何人nobody 没

15、有人no one 无一人nothing 没有东西none 没有人或物everything/ everyone 每件事、每人2. 不定代词的用法(1) some, any 一些some常用于肯定句，any多用于否定句。疑问句中，两者都可与可数名词单、复数以及不可数名词连用I have some beautiful pictures.Is there any water in the bottle?(2) many, much 许多Many后接可数名词，much后跟不可数名词，much作主语时，谓语动词用单数Many students like English.There is much juic

16、e in the bottle.(3) few, a few , little , a little 肯定否定可数A fewfew不可数A little littleI have few friends here.I have a few friends here.I have little money about me.I have a little money about me.(4)other , anotherother意为“别的”，常和复数名词以及不可数名词连用，加定冠词时，表示“两者中的另一个”。Another 表示三者以上当中的“另一个”，常表示单数概念，与可数名词连用He of

17、ten helps other students.I dont like this book. I want the other.Would you like another hamburger?(5)each , every 每个Each强调个体，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Every后接单数名词，作主语时，谓语用单数形式Each girl has a flower. 每个女孩子都有一束花。She knows every teacher in the school. 她认识学校里的每一位老师。（6）both, all 都Both 是指“两者都”，谓语动词要用复数形式，all表示“三者或三者

18、以上”都，后接复数名词时，谓语动词用复数，后接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数Both of us like watching TV.They are all good friends.(7) either , neither Either 表示“(两者中)任何一个”， neither 表示“（两者中）没有一个”，两者意义相反，后面的谓语动词都要用单数形式Either of us may go there. 我们两可去一个。Neither apple is delicious. 两个苹果都不好吃。代词的专项训练一 用适合的代词完成下列表格。人称单复数主 格宾 格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代

19、词第一人称单 数复 数第二人称单 数复 数第三人称单 数复 数二 单项选择基础达标题1. He is a boy._ name is Tony.A He B His C She D Her2. -_ are these shirts? -They are his.A Who B Which C What D Whose3. This is _ clock. _face is round.A I ,Its B my,Its C me,It D our,Its4. _ are good friends.A I, you and he B You,I and he C He,you and I D

20、You,he and I 5. - Is that a banana? - Yes,_ is.A it B this C that D its6. There are some shoes over there.The new _are Mikes.A one B ones C them D /7. Ann is from America,_ is an American girl.A He B She C Her D Him8. The girl are watering the flowers._ teacher is helping them.A They B Their C Them

21、D Theirs9. Look at the picture.The boy in yellow is _.A I B me C my D mine10. Let _ tell you a story about UFO.A I B me C my D mine能力提升1 _ are all blind people.A She B He C Them D They2 He smells the food with _ nose.A her B him C his D himself3 They are proud of _ for their good sense of taste.A hi

22、mself B their C themselves D herself4 The dog can run out of the fire by_.A itself B it C yourself D themselves5 She _ did all the dishes.A her B himself C themselves D herself6 The old man fell down and hurt _.A hiself B herself C him D he 7 Did you enjoy _ at the party last weekend?A you B I C you

23、rself D myself8 Help _ to the cake, Tom and Jim!A yourself B your C yourselves D you 9 _ are in the same class.A I ,you and he B He,you and I C You,he and I D You,and me 10 - I cant find my pen.Can you lend _ yours?- Sorry,I am using it _ .A I,myself B my,me C me,yourself D I ,myself11 Mr.White didn

24、t teach _ English last term.Our English teacher is Mr.Black.A we B us C our D ourselves12 -Oh,hi,Ann. - Hi,Mary.Come in.Make _ at home.A you B your C yourself D yourselves13 -She is too busy to help_ with the work. - Lets do it _.A her,herself B us,ourselves C it,itself D you,yourself14 Tom,your fat

25、her asked you to do it_.A itself B yourself C himself D yourselves15.He is a boy,_ name is Tony.A He B His C She D Her16.-_ are these shirts?-They are his.A Who B Which C What D Whose17.This is _ clock._ face is round.A I ,Its B my,Its C me,It D our,Its_ are good friends.A I,you and he B You,I and h

26、e C He,you and I D You,he and I 18.Look at the picture.The boyin yellow is _.A I B me C my D mine三、填入正确的物主代词1. Arethese_（you）pencils?Yes,theyare_（our）.2. Whoseisthispencil?Its_（I）.3. Sheis_（I）classmate.4. MissLioftenlooksafter_（she）brother.5. Arethese_（they）bags？6. No,theyarent_（their）.Theyare_（we）.

27、7. Iateall_sandwichesyesterday.( I )CanIhaveoneof_? ( you )8. Georgehaslost_ ( his )pen.AskMaryif（是否）shewilllendhim_. ( she )9. JackhasadogandsohaveI._( he ) dogand_ ( I )hadafight(打架).10. Theteacherwantsyoutoreturnthatbookof_( he )11. Mr.andMrs.Greenandafriendof_arecomingtoseeus. ( they )12. Weareg

28、oingtoParistostaywithaFrenchfriendof_. (we )四、填入正确的人称代词和物主代词1. Thisisnt_knife._isgreen. ( she )2. Theseareyourbooks，Kate.Put_inthedesk，please. (they )3. _mustlookafter_things. ( you )4. WeiFang，isthat_ruler?Yes，its.( you )5. Theywantafootball.Give_thegreenone，please. ( they)6. ItsLinTaosbag.Giveitto

29、_. ( he )7. Isthispencil-boxLiLeis?No，_isverynew. ( he )8. Thisboxistooheavy.Icantcarry_.( it )9. Dontworry，Let_( I )help_. ( you)10. _isaboy_nameisMike.Mikesfriendslike_verymuch. ( he )11. Mysisterisin_room._isateacher. ( she )12. Janeisalittlegirl._motherisanurse. ( she )13. Wearein_classroom._cla

30、ssroomisbig. ( we)14. Myfatherandmotherareteachers._arebusy ( them)15. Youareapupil.Is_brotherapupil,too? ( you )五、用所给单词的适当形式填空1. These are _ ( he ) brothers.2. That is _( she ) sister.3. Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister.4. Tom, this is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary.5. Now _(her parent) are in America.6. Those _ (

31、 child ) are _ ( I ) fathers students.7. Do you know _ ( it ) name?8. Mike and Tom _ ( be ) friends.9. Thanks for helping _( I ).10. _(Ann安)mother is _(we) teacher.11. _ismyaunt.Weoftenvisit_. ( she )12. Chinaisadevelopingcountry._isintheeastofAsia. ( its )13. Iownabluebike.Theredoneisnt_. ( I )14.

32、Thesenewhousesaresonice._areveryexpensive.( them )15. Thefishermencaughtalotoffish,didnt_? ( them )16. LingLingisagirl._studiesinaprimaryschool._brotherliveswith_andhelps_with_ lessons. ( she )17. Mikeismyclassmate._isgoodatEnglish. ( his )18. Katewantsaglassofmilk.Willyoupassitto_? ( she )19. Whats

33、theweatherliketoday?_iscloudy. ( its )20. This is my brother Tony. Today is _(he) birthday.21. That is my toy lion. _(it) nose is small.22. This is _(I) classmate. _(she) name is Ginger.23. That is _(we) English teacher.24. _(he) brother is my classmate.25. This is a wolf. _(it) eyes are green. _(th

34、ey) are big.26. Grandma! _(you) eyes are big.27. Where is _(you) white rubber?28. Jimmy is _(i) good deskmate. _(we) are from Beijing.29. Is Miss Green _ (they) class teacher?30. _(we) art teacher is very super.31. _(they) class teacher is Mrs Green.32. This is _(they) English teacher. _ (he) name i

35、s Hob.33. Are they _(they) music teachers? Yes, they are.34. Im tired. Im on _(I) bed.35. _(she) grandma has got an colour basketball.36. My rabbit is lovely. _ (it) ears are long.37. Is this Johns football? No, it isnt _(he) football.38. _ (we) classroom is dirty. Lets sweep the floor.39. What does

36、 _(he) father do? Hes a driver.40. _(you) Chinese teacher is nice. 41. A friend of_ will come to see her tomorrow. (she)42. Excuse me, is this English book ? ( you )43. I have a dog._ name is Lucy. (it)44. Those table tennis bats are _ . ( she )45. These schoolbags arent_(they).They are_(we).六、从括号内选

37、择正确的代词填空1. Yourfootballclothesareonthedesk.Pleaseput_(they，them，their，theirs)away.2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_EnglishteacherisMrs.Green. Wealllike_(she，her，hers).3. （I, Me，My，Mine)_cantgetmykite.Couldyouhelp_(I，me，my，mine)?4. Tomcantgetdownfromthetree. Canyouhelp_(he，him，his)?5. Wecantfindourbikes. Canyouhe

38、lp_(we，us，our，ours)?6. Theseare_(he，him，his)planes. Thewhiteonesare_(I，me，mine).七、选择填空( ) 1. Whossingingoverthere?_isSandyssister.A.ThatB.ItC.SheD.This( ) 2._willspendthesummerholidayinHawaii. A.She,youandI B.You,sheandIC.I,youandshe D.Her,meandyou( ) 3.Myuncleboughtanewbikefor_. A.theirsB.theyC.meD

39、.I( ) 4. - Heresapostcardforyou,Jim!- Oh,_isfrommyfriend,Mary. A.heB.itC.sheD.its( ) 5. Is she your aunt? Yes, _. A. shesB. her isC. she isD. he is( ) 6. Are _ coats yours? Yes, they are . A. theyB. theseC. thisD. there( ) 7. Is that _ uncle? No, it isnt A. heB. sheC. herD. hers( ) 8. _ school is much larger than _ . ATheir; ourBTheir; ours CTheirs; oursDTheirs; our( ) 9. _ office is much smaller than _ . AOurs; yours BOur; yoursCTheirs; ourDYour; their( ) 10. This