2018年江苏高考英语专题一语法知识:第4讲动词与动词短语(共10页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第4讲动词与动词短语1Working with the medical team in Africa has_ the best in her as a doctor.(2017江苏,25)Aheld out Bbrought outCpicked out Dgiven out答案B解析句意为:在非洲与医疗队的合作使她作为一名医生的最佳素质彰显了出来。hold out伸出,坚持;bring out使显现,使表现出;pick out挑选出,辨认出;give out分发,发出。2A quick review of successes and failures at the
2、 end of year will help _ your year ahead.(2017江苏,30)Ashape BswitchCstretch Dsharpen答案A解析句意为:到了年底,快速回顾一下自己的成功和失败,这会有助于你为未来的一年做好规划。shape影响(某事物的发展),符合语境。switch转换,转变;stretch变大,拉长;sharpen使变锋利,使增强。3Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter _,get married,and have kids.(2017天津,5)Asettle down Bkeep o
3、ffCget up Dcut in答案A解析句意为:布朗夫妇希望看到女儿安顿下来(settle down),结婚成家,生儿育女。keep off使避开,不接近;get up起床,站起来;cut in插嘴,打断别人说话。4He did not _ easily,but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.(2016江苏,25)Aapproach BwrestleCcompromise Dcommunicate答案C解析句意为:他不轻易妥协,但他很乐意接受对一项崇高事业的任何建设性的建议。compromi
4、se妥协,符合句意。5Many businesses started up by college students have _ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.(2016江苏,30)Afallen off Btaken off Cturned off Dleft off答案B解析句意为:由于良好的创业环境,许多大学生的创业项目已经成功。take off成功,起飞,符合句意。fall off跌落,下降;turn off关掉;leave off停止(做)某事,戒掉,均不符合题意。6Parents should act
5、ively urge their children to _ the opportunity to join sports teams.(2016江苏,33)Again admission to Bkeep track ofCtake advantage of Dgive rise to答案C解析句意为:父母应积极督促孩子抓住机会加入运动队。take advantage of利用,符合句意。gain admission to获准进入;keep track of与保持联系;give rise to引起,导致,均不符合题意。7We can achieve a lot when we learn t
6、o let our differences unite,rather than _ us.(2016浙江,8)Adivide BrejectCcontrol Dabandon答案A解析句意为:当我们学会求同存异,而非对立分歧时,我们会收获颇多。divide分开;reject拒绝;control控制;abandon放弃,抛弃。根据句意可知选A。8When their children lived far away from them,these old people felt _ from the world.(2016浙江,12)Acarried away Bbroken downCcut o
7、ff Dbrought up答案C解析句意为:当孩子们住得离他们很远时,这些老人们感觉与外界隔离了。carry away带走,夺走;break down抛锚,垮掉;cut off切断,隔离;bring up抚养,提出。 根据句意可知选C。9When the time came to make the final decision for a course,I decided to apply for the one that _ my interest.(2016浙江,14)Alimited BreservedCreflected Dspoiled答案C解析句意为:当最后决定选一门课程时,我决
8、定申请那门反映我兴趣的课程。reflect反映,体现,符合语境。limit限制;reserve预订,保留;spoil毁掉,溺爱。10Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she _ her opinion on the subject.(2016天津,8)Agave voice to Bkept an eye onCturned a deaf ear to Dset foot on答案A解析句意为:玛丽在讨论初期保持了沉默,但最终还是提出了对这一话题的看法。give voice to意为“表达对的
9、想法”,符合语境。keep an eye on照看,留意;turn a deaf ear to对充耳不闻;set foot on进入,参观。11I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to _ a conversation with her.(2016天津,14)Acarry on Bbreak intoCturn down Dcut off答案A解析句意为:我讨厌工作时她给我打电话我一直很忙,没时间与她进行谈话。carry on意为“进行,继续”,符合语境。break into打断,闯入;turn down调低,拒绝;cut
10、 off停止,中断。12Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _ to their greatest potential.(2015江苏,22)Aaccelerate BimproveCperform Ddevelop答案D解析句意为:学校应该是鼓励个人发展他们最大潜力的、充满活力的地方。accelerate加速;improve改善;perform执行;develop发展。13The university started some new language programs to _ the co
11、untrys Silk Road Economic Belt.(2015江苏,27)Aapply to Bcater forCappeal to Dhunt for答案B解析句意为:大学开始开设一些新的语言项目,以迎合国家的丝绸之路经济带。apply to 适用于,申请;cater for 迎合,满足所需;appeal to 呼吁,上诉;hunt for 搜寻。14The whole team _ Cristiano Ronaldo,and he seldom lets them down.(2015江苏,29)Await on Bfocus onCcount on Dcall on答案C解析
12、句意为:整个球队依靠克里斯蒂亚诺罗纳尔多,而他很少让他们失望。wait on 服侍,等待;focus on 集中于,关注;count on依靠,指望;call on 拜访,号召,呼吁。15Studies have shown that the right and left ear _ sound differently.(2015浙江,5)Aproduce BpronounceCprocess Ddownload答案C解析句意为:研究表明左右耳处理声音的方式不同。process加工,处理,符合语境。produce生产,制作,创作;pronounce发音;download下载。16If stee
13、l is heavier than water,why are ships able to _ on the sea?(2015浙江,16)Afloat BdrownCshrink Dsplit答案A解析句意为:如果钢铁比水重的话,那为什么轮船能够浮在海面上?float漂浮,符合语境。drown淹没,(使)溺死;shrink(使)收缩,(使)缩小;split (使)裂开,(使)破裂。17If you come to visit China,you will_ a culture of amazing depth and variety.(2015安徽,22)Adevelop BcreateCs
14、ubstitute Dexperience答案D解析句意为:如果你来访问中国,你将体验到有着惊人的深度和多元化的文化。develop开发;create创造;substitute替代;experience经历,体验。18The team are working hard to _ the problem so that they can find the best solution.(2015湖北,23)Aface BpreventCraise Danalyze答案D解析句意为:这个团队正在努力分析这个问题,以便他们能找到最好的解决方法。根据题干中的find the best solution可
15、知,在找到最好的解决方法之前应该是先努力“分析(analyze)”问题。face面对;prevent阻止;raise提高。19In order not to be heard,she pointed her finger upwards to _ that someone was moving about upstairs.(2015湖北,24)Awhisper BsignalCdeclare Dcomplain答案B解析句意为:为了不让别人听到自己的声音,她竖起手指示意有人正在楼上走动。根据题干中的pointed her finger upwards可知,她只是竖起手指示意,并没有出声。si
16、gnal意为“示意”,所以答案选B项。whisper低语;declare宣布;complain抱怨。20If you have any doubts about your health,youd better_ your doctor at once.(2015天津,11)Aconvince BconsultCavoid Daffect答案B解析句意为:如果你对自己的健康状况有所怀疑的话,你最好马上咨询医生。consult请教,咨询,找(医生)诊治,符合语境。convince使相信,使明白;avoid避免;affect影响。1有些动词,如feel,look,taste等,既可用作系动词,又可用
17、作实义动词,怎么判断呢?系动词常跟形容词作表语;实义动词则常用副词作状语;系动词一般不用进行时,但在表示语意客气、生动、亲切时,可用进行时。The newly-invented drinking tastes quite unique.这种新研制的饮料尝起来挺独特的。(系动词)The chef is tasting the fish carefully.厨师正在仔细地品尝这条鱼。(实义动词)2run out/run out of的区别:run out是不及物动词短语,无被动语态,主语通常是表示时间、食物、金钱等的名词;run out of是及物动词短语,相当于use up,主语通常为人。My
18、money ran out.我的钱花完了。I ran out of my money.我把钱花完了。3具体语境中对动词“熟词生义”的考查。如下列单词的“熟词生义”:ache渴望;address在上写地址;appreciate理解,意识到;count有价值;cover足以支付;develop逐渐形成;draw推断出;escape被忘掉;fail使失望,衰退;invite招致;observe遵守,庆祝;push督促;promise预示;part分手,放弃;read写着;relate讲述;say假设;walk遛等。4常见的基础词汇如get,take,put,break,look,call等构成的短语
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