考研英语1800高频词汇详解(共62页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上unduly 5Qn5dju:li ad. 不适当地, 过度地, 不正当地【例句】It seems unduly modest of him not to mention this point. 他没有提到这一点，似乎显得过分谦虚。uninteresting 5Qn5intristiN a. 无趣的, 令人厌倦的【例句】Its uninteresting reading the play round the class, cant we try to act it? 在班内轮着朗读剧本多乏味，难道我们不能试着表演吗？unprincipled Qn5prinsEpld

2、a. 不道德的, 无原则的, 不合人道的【例句】unprincipled behaviors 不道德的行为unworthy Qn5wE:Ti a. 不值得的, 不足取的【例句】unworthy of investigations 不值得调查utopia ju:5tEupjE, -piE n. 乌托邦, 理想的完美境界, 空想的社会改良计划utterly QtElI ad. 完全地, 绝对地, 彻底地【例句】an effect utterly alien from the one intended 与原先意图大相径庭的结果vacancy 5veikEnsi n. 1.空, 空白, 空缺 2.空闲

3、, 清闲 3.空虚【例句】There were three candidates for the vacancy. 这一空缺有三名候选人。validity vE5liditi n. 有效性, 合法性, 正确性【例句】validity of documents 文件的合法性versatile 5vE:sEtail a. 1.有多种技能的，多才多艺的 2.有多种用途的，多功能的，万用的【例句】a new kitchen machine 一种多功能的新型厨房机械victorious vik5tC:riEs a. 获胜的, 胜利的【例句】The victorious general waited up

4、on the king.那位凯旋归来的将军拜见国王。vigorously 5viErEsli ad. 精神旺盛地【例句】He took up life vigorously again. 他又开始精力充沛地面对生活。vulnerable 5vQlnErEb(E)l a. （ to）1.易受伤的；脆弱的 2.易在感情上受伤害的；易受诱惑的；易受影响的【例句】That country is economically but militarily a colossus. 那个国家在经济上脆弱，而军事上是个巨人。weariness 5wiErinis n. 疲倦, 厌烦, 疲劳【例句】Wearines

5、s is written in the slowness of his movements. 慢吞吞的动作表明他已十分困乏。weird wiEd a. 1.鬼怪似的；怪诞的，神秘的 2.超自然的 3.奇怪的，奇特的；不可思议的【例句】 The witches moved in a dance. 女巫们装神弄鬼地手舞足蹈。【认知】本词的核心意义与“fate; to become; to turn”（命运；多变）具有关联性。absurdly Eb5sE:dli ad. 荒谬地, 悖理地, 愚蠢地【认知】本词的核心含义为“一种从存在主义出发的文学或哲学观点，指“人生无意义”，“人世无理性”等”abu

6、ndance E5bQndEns n. 1.sing大量，多，丰富，充足 2.富有；富裕unduly 5Qn5dju:li ad. 不适当地, 过度地, 不正当地【例句】It seems unduly modest of him not to mention this point. 他没有提到这一点，似乎显得过分谦虚。uninte【例句】Peasants share meals of autumn with us. 农民们和我们一起吃秋收之后的丰盛饭菜。【认知】前缀为“a-”的变体；“-und-”含义是“在波浪中游荡，溢出”。如“redundant”与其同源。accommodation E7k

7、CmE5deiFEn n.1.住处；膳宿 2.调和；（社会不同集团之间的）迁就通融【例句】comfortable overnight s for visitors 招待来客过夜的舒适住处。The steamer has berthing s for 1500 passengers. 这艘轮船有1500个旅客的铺位。【认知】前缀为“a-”；“mod”意为“措施，测量；方式”（强调方便，精确性）。acknowledges Ek5nClidVs v. 1.承认（某一事实的存在），承认的权威（或主张） 2.对作出反应，答谢【认知】本词词根为“know”（知道，认知）。acquisition 7Akwi

8、5ziFEn n. 1.取得，获得，习得 2.兼并，合并【例句】The children progressed in the of basic skills.孩子们在掌握基本技术方面取得了进步。acquisitive E5kwizitiv a. 1.想获得的, 有获得可能性的, 可学到的 2.有贪欲的adaptability EdAptE5biliti n. （ to）适应性adaptation 7AdAp5teiFEn n. （ to）1.适应 2.改编, 改写本【例句】The filmss director had skifully ovecome the diffciculties of

9、 adaptation. 那部电影的导演已经巧妙地克服了改编的困难。adhere Ed5hiE v. ( to) 1.粘附，附着 2.遵守，坚持；固执 3.追随，依附，拥护【例句】paper adhering to the wall 墙上贴着的纸admirer Ed5maIErE(r) n. 景慕者, 赞赏者, 敬慕者【例句】He was the sort of admirer she had been having in these latter years.他是她近几年来不断遇到的那种爱慕者。adolescent 7AdEJ5lesnt a. 1.青春期的2.青少年的【例句】an outp

10、atient clinic 青春期疾病门诊所。【认知】前缀为“a-”；词根“ole”与“ale”为变体，意为“to feed; to nourish（成长；滋养）”。如“adult”与其同源。advent 5AdvEnt n. sing（尤指不寻常的人或事物的）出现，到来【例句】the of microwave technology 微波技术的出现。【认知】前缀为“a-”；词根“vent”意为“to come; to arrive”（来到；来临）。affluent 5AfluEnt a. 1.富裕的，富足的 2.充裕的，丰富的；富饶的【例句】The new magazine will be d

11、irected at a more circulation. 新的杂志将争取更大的发行量。【认知】前缀为“a-”；词根“flu”意为“to flow”（流；富裕的）。aggravation 7ArE5veiFEn n. 1. 加重(病情、负担、罪行、危机等的), 更恶化加重 2.恼怒【认知】本词的词根为“-grave-”（承重；重）。如“grave”与其同源。aggressively E5resivli ad. 侵略地, 攻势地【认知】本词的词根为“-gress-”（走；动）。如“congress”与其同源。agitation AdVi5teiFEn n. 1.激动, 兴奋 2.煽动, 搅动【

12、认知】词根“ag”含义为“to act; to drive”。该词核心意义为“to move to and from（开动，驱动；运转）”。agonies 5AEniz n.（极度的）痛苦，创痛【例句】The fiercest agonies have shortest reign. 最剧烈的痛苦持续的时间也最短。alienation 7eiliE5neiFEn n. （使）疏远，（使）不友好，离间【认知】本词词根“ali”含义“foreign; other（其他）”。如“alter”与其同源。alternatively R:lt:nEtIvlI ad. （偶尔作连词）做为选择, 二者择一地；

13、或者，或许【认知】本词词根“ali”含义“foreign; other（其他）”。如“alter”与其同源。amateurs 5AmEtE(:)z, 5AmEtjuE n. 1.（艺术、科学等的）业余爱好者 2.外行，粗通（某一行）的人【认知】词根“-ama-”含义为“爱；爱好”。如“amiable”与其同源。ambiguous 7Am5bijuEs a. 1.含糊不清的；不明确的；难以理解（或区分）的 2.引起歧义的，模棱两可的【例句】eyes of an colour 色泽难以确定的眼睛。【认知】词根“ambi”意义为“going around（驱赶，领，行动）”。如“ambition”与

14、其同源。anticipate An5tisipeit v. 1.预期，期望，预料 2.早于别人做成（或做）；先于前行动【例句】The director fished in his pocket for cigarettes. His secretary d him by clicking open a cigarette case and holding it toward him. 主任在衣袋里摸烟卷。秘书抢在他前面啪地打开了烟盒，递了过去。【认知】前缀“anti”含义为“before（反对；朝向；在对面）”；词根“cip”为“cap”的变体。核心意义是“to take before; to

15、 realize before”（事先进行的；预期的）。applauses E5plC:ziz n. 1.鼓掌；喝彩，叫好 2.称赞，嘉许【例句】His efforts were met with unanimous . 他的努力得到众口一词的称赞。【认知】前缀为“a-”；词根“plaud”含义是“to clap（鼓掌）”。如“plausible”与其同源。appraise E5preiz v. 评价【例句】to appraise sb. at a low rate 贬评某人。【认知】前缀为“a-”；词根“prais”与“prisi”为变体，含义为“prize（珍视，重视）”。arbitrar

16、ily 5B:bitrErili ad. 武断地, 任意地, 专横地【认知】核心含义为“不肯定的（即依赖于仲裁人的裁决的）”。ascent E5sent n. 1.上升, (地位, 声望等的)提高 2.攀登, 上坡路【例句】The steepness of the slope forbade ascent. 坡度很陡，没法攀登。【认知】词根“scent”含义为“爬，增加”。如“descend”与其同源。ascribe Es5kraib v. （ to）1.把归因（于） 2.把归属（于）【例句】to ones failure to bad luck 把自己的失败归咎于运气不好。【认知】词根“-s

17、cribe-”含义为“写”。如“describe”与其同源。aspiring Es5paiEriN a. 热心的, 积极的, 有抱负的【例句】Broadcasters tried to abandon their native regional accents and aspire to BBC pronunciation. 广播员们力图去掉自己的乡音，渴望达到BBC的发音标准。【认知】词根“-spir-”含义为“呼吸”。如“spirit”与其同源。assert E5sE:t v. 1.肯定地说（出），坚定地断言 2.主张，维护，坚持【例句】He ed that mans nature wou

18、ld never change. 他断言人性决不会变。【认知】前缀为“a-”；词根“sert”与“sere”为变体，意为“to join”。如“desert”与其同源。assessment E5sesmEnt n. 1. (为征税对财产所作的)估价 2.被估定的金额【例句】to make a quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of the investment 对投资的有效性作数量估计assimilation E9sImIleIFEn n. 1.同化, 同化作用 2.消化【认知】词根“-sim-”含义为“相似；相同”。如“simulate

19、”与其同源。bankruptcies 5bANkrEp(t)siz n. （尤指经法院宣告的）破产者；无偿还力的人【认知】词根“-rupt-”含义为“打破”。如“erupt”与其同源。bestowed bi5stEud v. （ on, upon）把赠与；把给予【例句】Praise is bestowed on virtue but vanishes more quickly than frost in spring. 人们赞扬美德，可是赞扬消失得比春天的霜还要快。【认知】词根“-dow-”与“-dot-”为变体，含义为“给；给予”。如“donate”与其同源。betrayal bi5trei

20、El n. 1.背叛，出卖 2.失信于，辜负 3.泄露（秘密等）【例句】From that black day of betrayal onward he vowed to have his revenge. 他自从不幸被出卖的那一天起就立誓要报仇。bewildered bi5wildE(r)id a. 1.迷惑的；胡涂的；被难住的 2.迷路的，迷失方向的【例句】 to be by the maze of streets in the town 给城里纵横交错的街道弄得晕头转向boastful 5bEustful a. 自负的, 喜夸耀的, 自夸的【例句】It is impossible to

21、 win gracefully at chess. No man has yet said Mate! in a voice which failed to sound to his opponent bitter, boastful and malicious. 赢棋做不到优雅。还没有人喊“将”的声音在对手听起来不是尖刻、自负和恶意的呢。bombard 5bCmbB:dz v. 炮轰；轰击；大肆宣传【例句】to bombard customers with a sea of trivialities 用大量的细节信息轰炸消费者bottlenecks 5bCtl7neks n. 瓶颈（最困难的

22、部分）breakthrough 5breik5Wru: n. 突破【例句】 The tanks were designated to ecploit a breakthrough of the enemys defencees. 那些坦克被派定用于突破敌人的防御工事。bribed braibd v. 贿赂，用来买通别人的钱财（或物品、好处等）；诱饵【例句】to use s of candy to get a small child to go to bed 用糖果哄小孩睡觉bureaucracy bjuE5rCkrEsi n. 1.官僚政治；总称官僚，政府官员 2.官僚主义，官僚作风；官样文章

23、【例句】Bureaucracy is a giant mechanism operated by pygmies. 官僚政治是一种由侏儒操纵的庞大机构。【认知】核心意义与“遮盖桌子的布 办公桌，办公室”相关。captives 5kAptivz n. 1.俘虏，囚徒；猎获物 2.着迷的人；受控制的人【例句】These will be taken to the rear areas. 这些俘虏将被押到后方。carefree 5keEfri: n. 无忧无虑的, 轻松愉快的（侧重冷静）【例句】The performers carefree style on the ice won her many

24、friends and a gold medal. 演者在冰上那种潇洒的风格为她赢得了许多朋友和一块金牌。cite sait v. 1.引用，引证，提出，举出 2.表彰，表扬，嘉奖【例句】He ended his speech by citing his indebtedness to those who helped him. 以对帮助过他的人表示感激来结束他的讲话。clarity 5klAriti n. 1.清澈，明净2.清晰，明晰【例句】The of the spring water was amazing. 这泉水清澈得出奇。【认知】词根“clar”与“clear（清澈的，清除的）”为

25、变体关系。如“clear”与其同源。clue klu: n. （ to）1.（有助于解决疑案，问题等的）线索，提示 2.（故事、思路等的）线索【例句】I think we might find a to the mystery. 我想我们可能找到解开这个奥秘的线索。clumsily 5klQmzili ad. 1.笨拙地, 粗陋地 2.不漂亮地【例句】His rowboat was a clumsy affair made out of old boxes. 他的划艇是用旧箱板制成的粗糙东西。cognition kC5niFEn n. 认识；认知【认知】词根“-cogn-”含义为认知道。如“r

26、ecognize”与其同源。coincidence kEu5insidEns n. 1.巧合，巧事 2.（意见、爱好、利益等的）符合、一致 3.同时发生，共同存在【例句】Can this be merely a coincidence? 这只是一种巧合吗？【认知】词根“-cid-”含义为“fall（发生；落下）”。如“accident”与其同源。commence kE5mens vi. 开始；着手【例句】The play will at eight oclock.戏将在8时开演。【认知】前缀为“com-”；本词“ence”根为“initiate（开始）”的变体。commended kE5men

27、did v. 1.表扬，称赞 2.（ to）推荐；把交托给【例句】to commend sb. upon his good manners 称赞某人有礼貌commuters kE5mju:tEz n. 通勤者, 经常往返者【例句】Commuters give the city its tidal restlessness; natives give it solidity and continuity; but the settlers give it passion. 往来者给予城市潮汐的不知止息，本地人给予它激情。【认知】词根“-mute-”含义为“改变；变化”，如在“mutual”中。c

28、omparable 5kCmpErEbl a. 1.（ with）可比较；类似的 2.（ to）比得上的【例句】This dinner is to the best French cooking. 这餐饭可与最好的法国烹饪媲美。compatible kEm5pAtEbl a. （ with）能和睦相处的，合得来的，适合的，协调的【例句】Cats and birds are seldom . 猫和鸟很少和睦相处。complicated 5kCmplikeitid a. 复杂的，难懂的；结构复杂的【例句】I never blame failures there are many complicat

29、ed situa-tions in life, but I am absolutely me rciless toward lack of effort.我从不责备失败 生活中复杂的情况实在太多；但是对于不肯努力，我绝对不讲情面。conceited kEn5si:tid a. 自以为是的, 逞能的, 狂想的【例句】You can confide in your own abilities without being conceited. 你可以自信有能力而不引以自负。condense kEn5dens v. 1.（使）压缩，（使）凝聚；（使）凝结 2.（使）缩短，缩写，使简洁【例句】Three

30、 months of meetings were d into just over an hour. 本来要开3个月的会议被压缩为1小时多一点。【认知】前缀为“com-”；词根“dense”含义为“make thick”（浓缩）。confer kEn5fE: v. 1.商谈，商议，交换意见 2.授予，赋予(称号、学位、权力等)【例句】The university conferred an honorary degree on him.这所大学授予他名誉学位。confide kEn5faid v. 1.（ in）吐露秘密（以示信任、求教等） 2.托付，委托【例句】He d to me that

31、he had spent five years in prison.他向我吐露说他坐过5年牢。【认知】词根“-fid-”含义为“信赖；相信”。如“fidelity”与其同源。confines 5kCnfainz v. （ to）1.限制，使局限 2.（使）不外出，幽禁；关押，监禁 n. 常作s边界，界限【例句】She has never experienced life beyond the of her own close-knit family. 她从未经历过她自己那紧密团结的家庭以外的生活。conformist kRn5fC:mIst n. 遵奉者；墨守陈规者【例句】a conformi

32、st image 墨守陈规者的形象conscientious 7kCnFi5enFEs a. 1.按良心办事的，认真的，勤勤恳恳的 2.小心谨慎的；煞费苦心做的【例句】a diligent and teacher勤劳尽责的教师。【认知】前缀为“com-”含义；词根为“sci”含义为“to know”。如“science”与其同源。consensus kEn5sensEs n. 1.(意见等)一致，一致同意 2.常作定语或用以构成复合词一致同意，一致（或多数人）意见，舆论【例句】There can be wide differences of opinion on separate issues

33、 within a broad . 在广泛一致的前提下，在个别问题上可能有很大的分歧。【认知】前缀为“com-”含义；词根为“sens”含义为“to feel”（认为，主张）。如“sensible”与其同源。conservation 7kCnsE(:)5veiFEn n. 保存，（对自然资源的）保护，避免浪费（或损坏）【例句】The expensive fuel costs are forcing stepped-up efforts by all airline companies.高昂的燃料费用迫使着所有的航空公司加强为理论上浪费所作的努力。【认知】前缀为“com-”含义；词根为“serv

34、e”含义为“监视 保护, 保持, 保存, 保藏（preserve）”。如“preserve”与其同源。considerately kEn5sidEritli ad. 体贴地,体谅地【例句】The plan was given a considerate examination. 对这个计划进行了一番周密的调查。unconstitutional 5QnkCnsti5tju:FEnEl a. 违反宪法的【例句】the unconstitutional nature of sb.s 某人行动的违宪法规定性质constraints kEn5streints n. 1.约束，限制 2.（被）强使，（被）

35、强制 3.克制；抑制【例句】The children showed in the presence of the new teacher. 孩子们在新教师面前，显得拘束。constructively kEn5strQktivli a. 建设性地contemplative 5kCntempleitiv a. 沉思的, 冥想的【认知】contemplative analysis 沉思的分析contemptible kEn5temptEbl a. 可鄙的【例句】contemptible behaviors 可鄙的行为。【认知】词根“-tempt-”为“damn”的变体。如“condemn”与其同源。

36、contracted 5kCntrAktd v. 1.（使）收缩；（使）缩小；（使）缩短 2. 招致某种不想要的结果；感染（疾病）【例句】contracted brain volumes 收缩的大脑体积contrast 5kCntrAst n. （ to）1.对比，对照 2.（对比之下显出的）悬殊差别，比差（程度） 3.形成对照的人（或事物）【例句】The black paint on the door provides a for the white walls. 门上的黑漆与白墙形成对照。conventionally kEn5venFEnli ad. 按照惯例, 照常套, 照老例【例句】t

37、o conventionally acceptable modes of life 按习俗接受的生活方式convictions kEn5vikFEnz n. 1.定罪，判罪 2.说服，信服 3.确信，深信；坚定的信仰【例句】When he first asked her to marry him, he hadnt done it with any . 最初向她示求婚时，他全无把握。【认知】前缀为“com-”含义；词根“vict”与“vinc”为变体，含义为“to overcome; to conquer”（战胜 深信不疑；证明有罪）。convincing kEn5vinsiN a. 令人信服

38、的, 有力的, 令人心悦诚服的【例句】An ounce of humor will have more convincing weight than a ton of evidence. 一盎司幽默的说服力比一吨证据的还要大。corresponds kCris5pCndz v.（ to, with）1.相符合，成一致；相配，相称 2.相当，相类似【例句】Fulfilment seldom s to anticipation. 成果难得与预期相符。counselors 5kaJnsElE(r)z a. 顾问, 法律顾问【例句】a Cabinet-rank White House counselo

39、r 部长级白宫顾问。【认知】前缀为“com”的变体；本词词根“sel”为“sul”，含义为“召集”。如“consult”与其同源。courteous 5k:tjEs a. 彬彬有礼的，殷勤的【例句】If a man be gracious and courteous to strangers, it shows he is a citizen of the world. 人若对陌生人亲切有礼，这表明他是个世界公民。【认知】词根为“-court-”（宫廷 礼节）。covetous 5kQvitEs a. 贪婪的, 妄羡的【例句】The covetous man cannot so properl

40、y be said to possess wealth, as that may by said to possess him. 一个贪婪的人，与其说他拥有财富，不如说财富拥有他。credited 5kreditid v. 1.信任，相信 2.（ to）把归于；认为有（某种优点或成就等）【例句】They him with the discovery.人们认为这一发现是他的功劳。【认知】词根“-cred-”含义为“相信”。如“incredible”与其同源。cruelty 5kru:EltI n. 残忍, 残酷【例句】Such cruelty is a disgrace to humanity.

41、 这种残忍是人性的耻辱。customarily kQstEmErElI ad. 通常deceitful dI5si:tfJlad. 欺诈的【例句】本词与“deceive”具有音和意的关联性。deduction di5dQkFEn n. 1.减除, 扣除, 减除额 2.推论, 演绎【例句】a natural deduction from the evidence 从证据推断出的必然结论deem di:m v. 认为，视为，相信【例句】The government ed the contrys future power needs more important. 政府认为国家今后的劝力需求更为重要

42、。【认知】本词与动词“doom（判定）”有发音和意义的相关性。defaulted di5fC:ltid v. 1.不履行义务，缺席 2.违约，不履行债务，拖欠【例句】A total of 125 contracts went into up ot May 25. 至5月25日，总共有125份合同未履行。defect di5fekt n. 1.缺点，缺陷，毛病，瑕疵 2.缺乏，欠缺【例句】The fundamental of fathers is that they want their children to be a credit to them. 父亲们根本的毛病是想通过孩子争光。defe

43、nsive di5fensiv a. 防卫的，防御用的, 自卫的【例句】The slightest delay in defensive dispositions might sound the coutrys death-knel. 防御部署的稍一迟误可能会敲响这个国家的丧钟。deference 5defErEns n. （ to）顺从, 尊重【例句】The respect with which he had always treated me deepened into deference. 他素来对我采取的敬重态度进一步溶化成了敬仰。deficient di5fiFEnt a. （ in

44、）缺乏的, 不足的, 不完善的【例句】a new boy graded dull, if not actually deficient 一个即使不算有智力缺陷也该列为迟钝的新生deficit 5defisit n. 1.赤字，亏绌，亏损 2.缺乏，不足，不足之额；缺陷【例句】The baseball team erased a 6-0 . 这支棒球队刷去了一个6-0的落后纪录。【认知】前缀为“de”；词根“fic”与“fair（做）”为变体关系；核心含义为“缺乏，不足”。defiance di5faiEns n. （ against）1.违抗，反抗，藐视 2.挑战【例句】The child s

45、howed by refusing to eat. 那孩子以拒绝吃东西来表示反抗。degenerated di5dVenEreitid v. （ into）衰退，堕落，蜕化；变坏【例句】Her eyesight d with the years.她的视力因年老而衰退。degrade di5reid v. 1.降低的身份，有辱的人格2.使降解，使退化deliberation di7libE5reiFEn n. 熟思, 从容, 商议, 考虑【例句】after mature deliberation 经过周密的考虑delinquencies di5liNkwEnsiz n. 行为不良, 错失【例句】All forms of delinquency tend to get lumped together by the public. 各类少年犯罪易被公众不加区别地混为一谈。deprivation 7depri5veiFEn n. 剥夺【认知】前缀为“de-”；词根“-priv-”含义为“自己；自我