2018高考英语专题---短文改错(共9页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2018高考英语专题-短文改错压轴题高分策略之错词一、考点规律分析短文改错中,错词所占比重最高,常占整篇短文改错10题中的的6个小题左右。错词的情况也最为复杂,常见的有:动词错误;名词错误;连词错误;冠词错误;形容词和副词错误;代词错误;非谓语动词常见错误;介词错误;习惯用法错误以及逻辑上的错误等。1. 动词的常见错误 一般现在时与一般过去时错用; and前后动词时态不一致; 主谓不一致; 缺少动词,特别是be动词; 第三人称单数形式错用; 主动语态和被动语态错用。They did not want me to do any work at home; they wa
2、nt me to devote all my time to my studies.【答案】did改为doAs we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. ks5uks5uks5u【答案】visiting改为visited【思路分析】通读全句可知,句子的整个时态为一般过去时,有三个并列的谓语动词,分别为fed,visiting和told。很明显,并列连词and前后的动词时态应该保持一致,所以应该把visiting改为visited。 ks5uks5uks5uOne evening she
3、 told me that something happened when her parents was out.【答案】was改为were【思路分析】when引导的从句的主语是her parents,因此谓语动词应该用复数形式were。There will an important game next month.【答案】will后加be【思路分析】will是情态动词,不能单独作为谓语使用,需在will后边加上对应的谓语动词。在这里需要加上系动词be。【触类旁通】 情态动词有can(could), may(might), must, have to, shall(should), will
4、(would), dare(dared), need(needed), ought to等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化;不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形一起构成谓语。2. 名词的常见错误 Ill get good marks in all my subject.【答案】subject改为subjects【思路分析】 subject作“学科”讲时,为可数名词。再根据前边的修饰语all可以得出,subject应该用复数形式。Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge)【答案】knowledg
5、es改为knowledgeTheir word were a great encouragement to me.【答案】word改为words【思路分析】 句子的谓语为复数形式were,所以主语应该用word的复数形式,words指的是“所说的话”。【名师点拨】名词的常见错误主要有:单复数名词错用;可数名词与不可数名词的区分;根据名词前面的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断名词的单复数形式。3. 连词错误I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.【答案】but改为and【思路分析】根据句意可知,teach them,play
6、with them和watch them growing up为并列关系,不存在转折的意思,所以应该把but改为and。ks5u【触类旁通】连词是一种虚词,它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。主要包括:1. 表示转折:but,yet,while等;2. 表示选择:or,eitheror,neithernor,otherwise等;3. 表示联合:and,notonlybut also,when(=and just at this time就在这时)等;4. 表示因果:for,so等。Y
7、ou like tennis, while Id rather read. 你爱打网球,但我爱看书。Neither does he smoke nor does he drink. 他既不抽烟也不喝酒。Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 他不仅讲得更正确,而且也更不费劲了。He told me to do it, so I did it. 他让我这样做,于是我就这样做了。从属连词主要用来连接两个或两个以上的分句。主要包括:1. 引导时间状语从句:when, while,as,whenever,befor
8、e,after,since,until,till,as soon as,the moment,the minute,immediately,no soonerthan,hardlywhen等;2. 引导条件状语从句:if,unless,as/so long as,in case等; 3. 引导目的状语从句:in order that,so that,in case,for fear等;4. 引导结果状语从句:so that,sothat,suchthat等;5. 引导原因状语从句:because,as,since,now that等;6. 引导让步状语从句:although,though,ev
9、en though/if,while,however,whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever等;7. 引导方式状语从句:as,like,as if/though等;8. 引导地点状语从句:where,wherever,everywhere等;9. 引导比较状语从句:than,asas等。 We listened while the teacher read. 老师朗读时我们听着。He started the job soon after he left the university. 他大学毕业后就开始做这份工作。Most men worked until/til
10、l theyre 65. 大多数男人工作到65岁。In case I forget, please remind me about it. 万一我忘记了,请提醒我一下。4. 冠词错误We may be one family and live under a same roof. 【答案】a 改为the【名师点拨】ks5uks5uKs5u.Com单数可数名词前用a还是an,由名词的第一个音节决定,第一个音节是元音,用an;第一个音节是辅音,用a。另外在平时的学习中,还要注意对含有a和the的固定搭配的用法的记忆。5. 形容词和副词错误Im sure well have a wonderfully
11、 time together. ks5uks5uks5uKS5U【答案】wonderfully改为wonderful【思路分析】time是名词,所以要用形容词wonderful修饰。My pronunciation was terribly.【答案】terribly改为terrible【思路分析】was为be动词,后跟形容词terrible。ks5uks5uks5uKS5U【名师点拨】(1) 系动词后用形容词:be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel等;(2) 词性的误用:形容词修饰名词,副词修饰实义动词和形容词。6. 代词错误Soon I
12、 began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. 【答案】me改为myselfEach of them learned to work for his team and not for him on the football field.【答案】him改为himself【思路分析】由句意可知,应该用反身代词himself。ks5uks5uKs5uWhats more, you have to be friends with your pupils and t
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