高中英语现在分词与过去分词(共10页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上现在分词和过去分词作状语现在分词Ving表示主动关系，正在进行的动作过去分词Ved表示被动关系，已经完成的动作逻辑概念Hewentout,shuttingthedoorbehindhim.Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lostin（陷入某种状态）、seated（坐着的）、hidden（躲着）、stationed

2、（驻扎）、lost/absorbed（沉溺于）、bornin（出身于）、dressedin（穿着）、tiredof（厌烦了）等。Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.Borninthisbeautifultown,hehatestoleaveit.时间概念Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.Readingcarefully,hefoundsomethinghehadntknownbefore.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenthome.Havingbeendiscu

3、ssedseveraltimes,thedecisionwasfinallymade.现在分词（v-ing）做状语，表示动作与主句中的谓语动词的动作同时发生(表示伴随)，或在主句中的谓语动词表示的动作之前或之后发生。现在分词(v-ing) 做状语时，和主句中的谓语动词共用一个主语（1） Knowing that they were going to the factory next week, the students began to make preparations（2） He came up to me, saying, “Glad to see you again”（3） Looki

4、ng around, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus.（4） Lying in her bed, she felt so comfortable（5） He died, leaving a lot of money to his wife. 过去分词（非谓语动词）做状语时，和主句中的谓语动词动共用一个主语简单句（1）The city was destroyed(破坏) during the war. （2）It has now been rebuilt.复合句 Destroyed dur

5、ing the war, the city has now been rebuilt.同义句转化The car was damaged(损坏) in an accident. It has now been repaired. He was born nearly a hundred years ago. He remembers a world without aeroplanes.The boxer was knocked out in his first match. He has never been the same since. He was bitten twice by our

6、 dog. He was afraid to come to our house again.I found the front door locked. I went to the back. I saw the front door open. I went in. My father needed some exercise. He walked to she shops. Jenny tidied her desk drawers. She found some money in an envelope. 一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空1.Hecontinuedtowalkupan

7、ddown，_(lost)inthought2.When_(turn)on，theradiostilldoesnotwork3.Once _ (recover) hethrewhimselfintohisworkandmadeeveryefforttodoitwell.4._(see)hismother，thebabyburstintolaughter5._withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared6._fromot

8、hercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedHavingbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated7._a_inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.（05湖南卷）A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed8.Allnightlonghelayawake,_b_ho

9、wtodrivetheAmericaninvadersbackhome.A.tothinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought9._a_good,thefoodwassoldoutsoon.A.TastingB.TastedC.BeingtastedD.Havingbeentasted10._a_thebigsnake,thelittlegirlstoodunderthetree_outofherlife.A.Seeing;frightenedB.Seeing;frighteningC.Seen;frightenedD.Tosee;frightening一、二、

10、注意点1、 否定形式（前面加not）Not given a chance, he felt disappointed.Not knowing what to do, he turned to me for help.2、 不及物动词、连系动词常用现在分词做定语、状语等；及物动词常用过去分词。There are many events happening in the world everyday.provide help for the people going hungry.the remaining books3、 现在分词表动作的主动或正在发生；过去分词表动作的被动或已经完成。the f

11、alling/ fallen leaves the boiling/ boiled water the rising/ risen sunthe developed/ developing countries a polluted river a sleeping boy4、 分词不具有名词特征，不可做主语或宾语。（定语、表语、状语、宾补/主补）Participating in various social activities is beneficial to our future. (动名词)Praised in public made him shy. (错)Being praised

12、in public made him shy.三、 做定语/表语1、 和定语从句的转换The student who is sleeping has suffered a high fever.The sleeping student has suffered a high fever.Those who have drunk the water which is polluted may get poisoned.Those who have drunk the polluted water may get poisoned.2、单个分词做定语常置于名词之前；分词短语常置于名词之后。 Do

13、you know the man seated/ sitting next to the professor? The man looking at the map has got lost. The building completed ahead of time has caught many peoples attention. 比较：The building being built has caught many peoples attention. The building to be built next year is well designed.3、现在分词和动名词做定语时的区

14、别a reading room (动名词) a swimming pool（动名词） a crying baby（现在分词） a washing machine（动名词） 4、使役动词的分词形式做定语或表语时，常遵循人V-ed,物V-ing的原则，但修饰反映人心理活动或某种情绪的词时，用V-ed形式.encouraging words an embarrassing atmosphere feel embarrassed be shocked excited tears a surprised/ determined/ frightened look After hearing my enco

15、uraging words, a determined look appeared on his face.5、 修饰令他人有某种情绪的词时，无论人还是物均用V-ing.The disappointing student has disappointed his parents a second time.6、 有些分词已经形容词化了a demanding job a promising teacher an interesting book 三、做状语（时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随或结果状语）1、强调前后主语的一致。Seen from the hill, I find our scho

16、ol small.(错)Seen from the hill, our school looks small.Seeing from the hill, I find our school small.2、 原因、时间、条件、让步、方式状语常置于句首，不强调动作先后时遵循主动V-ing被动V-ed。Given more time, I could do better.Being too fat, you should take regular exercise to lose weight.Determined to catch up with others, he works day and

17、 night.Walking in the street, I came across an old friend.3、 若有时间先后，可借助havingHaving failed many times, he made up his mind to go abroad for further education.Having been shown around Tiananmen Square, the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museum.Not having met him before, Im very curious.4、 伴随

18、状语常置于句末Theyre still sitting on the sofa, absorbed in conversation.The students are riding on the street, talking and laughing.5、 结果状语常置于句末，典型例子making, leaving, causingThey all left, leaving me standing there alone.English is spoken by many people in various countries, making it the most popular lang

19、uage in the world.比较：不定式做结果状语He went abroad, never to return.They lifted a rock, only to drop it on their own feet.四、 做宾补常用于以下结构1、 see/ hear/ watch/ notice/ find/ feel + sb + 分词I saw a book lying thereA book was seen lying there.He found his hometown greatly changed after many years.2、 leave/ keep +

20、 宾语 + 分词A flood hit the area the other day, leaving few houses standing.I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.3、have/ get +宾语 + 分词 It is time that you had your washing machine repaired. I cant get my car going. I will try my best to get my English improved.4、catch/ send sb doing be caught/

21、 sent doing The girl who was caught cheating has admitted her mistake. A sudden rain sent the players and the audience running in all directions for cover.5、with+ 宾语+ 分词 With the population growing rapidly, we need more living materials. With green trees surrounded, it is really a good place to live

22、 in. With the fellow leading the way, we had no trouble finding the temple.五、 前后主语不一致时，可用独立主格结构Weather permitting, we will hold the sports meeting.Money collected, we set about carrying out the plan.The sun risen, everything looks beautiful. There being 阿 heavy rain, we had to have a break.六、 一些常用固定

23、结构judging from/ byconsideringcompared withto tell you the truthgenerally speakingspeaking ofincluding/includedJudging from his look, we thought he was badly hurt.Considering the present economic situation, you should cut back on your expenses.Speaking of factories, people often think of air and wate

24、r pollution.Compared with the students in the remote mountainous areas, you are so lucky.Many a student has made great progress, including some naughty ones.七、 拓展：there be结构和非谓语动词的连用。 1、There be + doing/ done/ to doThere are large areas polluted by industrial waste.There used to be many birds flying

25、 in the blue sky.What troubles him these days is that there are too many things to do.2、动词+ there to be/ there being如expect/ want/ like/ hate/ mind/ imagine等As senior middle school students, we expect there to be more free time to relax ourselves.Do you mind there being two more students in your cla

26、ss?3、句型It is + adj.+ for + there to beIt is common for there to be a misunderstanding between teachers and students.I. 单项选择1. _ the house on fire, he dialed 119. A. To see B. Seeing C. Having seen D. Being seen 2. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here a

27、nd get my false teeth _. A. fix B. fixing C. fixed D. to fix3. Were _ to listen to her _ voice. Its _to hear her sing. A. pleased; pleasing; pleasure B. pleased; pleasant; a pleasureC. pleasing; pleased; a pleasure D. pleasing; pleasant; pleasure4. _a post office, I stopped_ some stamps. A. Passed,

28、buying B. Passing, to buyC. Having passed, buy D. Pass, to buy5. _with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A. Comparing B. To compare C. Compared D. Having compared6. Here are some new computer programs _for home buildings. A. designing B. design C. designed

29、D. to design7. _a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved8. The teacher came into the classroom _by his students. A. following B. to be followingC. followed D. having followed9. With the money _, he couldnt buy any ticket. A. to

30、lose B. losing C. lost D. has lost10. There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldnt make himself _. A. being heard B. hearing C. heard D. hear11. The result of the test was rather _. A. disappointed B. disappointing C. being disappointed D. disappoint 12. Ive never heard the word _in

31、spoken English. A. use B. used C. using D. being used 13. _how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help. A. Not to know B. Not knowing C. Knowing not D. Not known 14. Deeply _, I thanked her again and again. A. being moving B. moved C. moving D. to be moved 15. With winter _on, its time

32、 to buy warm clothes. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming 16. _the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building. A. Having shown B. ShowingC. Has shown D. Having been shown 17. He went from door to door, _waste papers and magazines. A. gathering B. gathered C. gather D. being g

33、athered18. The student corrected his paper carefully, _the professors suggestions. A. follow B. following C. followed D. being followed 19. The _price will save you one dollar for each dozen. A. reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduces 20. People _in the city do not know the pleasure of country life

34、. A. live B. to live C. lived D. living 21. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldnt make his point _. A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 22. The scientists were waiting to see the problem _. A. settle B. settled C. to settle D. settling 23. The librarys study ro

35、om is full of students _for the exam. A. busily prepared B. busy preparingC. busily prepare D. are busily preparing 24. The ground is _with _ leaves. A. covering, falling B. covered, fallingC. covered, fallen D. covering, fallen 25. Lessons _easily were soon forgotten. A. to learn B. learnC. learned

36、 D. learning1. The old farmer_ the badly-injured and wounded soldier, came out of the burning house, _for help. A. supporting; calling B. supported by; called C. being supported by; calledD. being supporting; called 2. -Oh, its already a quarter past six. What shall we do at the meeting this evening

37、? -Well go on with the matter_ this afternoon. A. be discussed B. being discussing C. discussed D. which discussed 3. The brave man died, _ his young wife nothing but a_ cottage. A. left; breaking B. leaving; broken C. left; broken D. to leave; breaking 4. _hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in t

38、he exam. A. Having been worked B. Not to have worked C. Having never worked D. Never have worked 5._the exam, the boy was punished by his father. A. No passing B. Having passed C. Not passing D. Not having passed 6. Time_, I can have done it better. A. permit B. be permitted C. permitting D. to perm

39、it 7._, the boy couldnt enter his house. A. Since the key has lost B. The key been lost C. Lost the key D. Having lost the key 8. _into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now. A. Being translated B. Having translated C. To be translated D. Having been translated 9. _for the t

40、errible accident, as the public thought, the mayor felt nervous and was at a loss what to do. A. Having blamed B. To blame C. Being to be blame D. Being to blame 10. _from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. To suffer C. Having suffered D. Being suffered 11. _from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car. A. Judging B. Judged C. To judge D. Judge 12. _with fright, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave, _his tail to the rain. A. Trembling; exposing B. Trembled; exposed C. Trembled; exposi