中考复习词汇篇：形容词和副词专题(共14页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初升高衔接阶段英语知识复习与拓展词汇篇：形容词和副词专题一基础知识清单形容词是用来修饰名词的词表示名词的属性，副词和形容词一样，在句中起修饰作用，所不同的是：形容词主要修饰名词，在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语等成分；而副词主要修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子等，在句中常作状语。对形容词、副词的考查是高考一项重要考查内容，考查的方向主要体现在以下几个方面： 1. 形容词的用法；2. 副词的用法；3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法；4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。概述：形容词的句法作用观察下列句子中的形容词或副词，体会它们所作的句子成分和位置。There

2、 is a fine old stone building by the road.Our hometown is beautiful.Who let the window open?She drives too quickly.Its raining heavily.They are warmly welcomed by the students.I often get up early in the morning.-Where is the broom?-Its just behind the door.This is exactly what I want.1. 常见的形容词构成方法一

3、览表名词构成方法意义举 例表天气的-y充满的；多的表方位的-ern。方位的;朝。方向的表称谓的-ly。般的表物质的-en-y。制成的；。般的表情感的-ful-y-less充满。的；有。的不。的；没有。的表国家的-n。国家的；。的人2. 复合的形容词：_eggs人造的鸡蛋 a_man善良的人_countries说英语的国家a _vacation 15天的假期a_kid 三岁大的小孩a _ bus ride 20分钟的车程a_ tower 一座12米高的塔3. 形容词的名词化：the old/young/rich/poor/dead/living/blind/disabled指一类人，作主语谓语动

4、词用复数。The poor _(be) losing hope.The old _(need) our care and help.As a doctor, he tries his best to help _(sick).4. 貌似副词的形容词：_(孤独的)_(有好的)_(生动的)_(可爱的)5. 只能作表语的形容词：afraid, awake, asleep, alive, well(健康的), ill, frightened, interested只能放在be或系动词之后作表语。不能放在名词前面作定语。【即学即练】找出下列句子中的错误，并改正。The flowers in the ga

5、rden smell nicely.The ill boy has been in hosptial for a month.The story is interested. Most of us are interesting in it.He is a well man.There is a lone island in the ocean.6. 作定语后置的形容词：修饰不定代词；表示长宽高深年龄的形容词；形容词短语修饰名词后置。小练习：根据汉语提示完成句子1) Lets give them _(一些不同的东西) to eat.2) Do you have _(任何别的事) to say?

6、3) Did _(别人) come with James?4) Its _(没什么严重的事).5) The hole must be _(两米深).6) Our classroom is _(三米长).7) He took a basket _(装满苹果的篮子)8) All the villagers _(年轻的和年老的) walked out to welcome the visitors.9) What _(你需要别的什么东西吗)？7. 多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序“美小圆新黄，法国木书房”a beautiful small round new yellow French wooden s

7、tudyEg. The pretty little Spanish girl is my cousin.One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace.A. old Chinese stone B.Chinese old stoneC. old stone ChineseD. Chinese stone oldWhat can I do for you, sir?- I want a _ dress.A. a cotton blue expensiveB. an expensive blue cottonC. a blue expensiv

8、e cottonD. a cotton expensvie blue形容词考点透析1、常见的一些形容词短语固定搭配回顾be _to对粗鲁be_of害怕be/feel_of以为自豪be _ to对友好be/feel_with对感到满意be/feel_with对感到高兴/愉快be/feel_ of对感到厌倦be_with对感到厌倦be/feel_with对感到生气be _in 对感兴趣be/feel_at对感到惊讶be/feel_ about对感到兴奋be/feel_about对感到好奇be/feel_感到孤独be famous_for因而闻名be _ as以而闻名be _with对人/事要求严格

9、be _in对事要求严格be_from与不同/有区别be _in在某方面有区别be_to 与相似be_in 在某方面相似be_with忙于某事be_in忙于做某事be_to 与相等/匹敌be_with与熟悉be_with当心be_at擅长be _ to do sth决心做某事keep_保持沉默，保持安静stay/keep/be_保持健康get _ to 接近；靠近be _ to do sth 有能力做某事be_ to do sth 愿意做某事be_ to do sth 乐意/有准备的做某事be_ for 对有害be _of 充满be_for 迟到2、常见的含形容词的句型回顾Its + adj.

10、 + (of sb) + to do sth.Its + adj. + (for sb) + to do sth.= Its + adj. +that 从句be glad/sorry/sad/sad/surprised/thankful + to do sthbe certain/sure/ready/willing/able to do sth be too + adj. to do sth be adj. +enough to do sthso.that; suchthatfind/think/feel/consider/make + it + adj. (for sb) to do st

11、h用上面的句型完成下列句子1) 犯了这么多的错误，你真是太粗心了Its careless _ you _ _ so many mistakes.2) 嘴里包满东西笑不礼貌。Its not polite _ you_ _with a mouth full.3) 你帮助我学英语我真是太好了。Its very nice _you _ _me with English.4) 对于中国人来说学好一门外语很难。Its really difficult _ Chinese _ _ a foreign language well.5) 对于我们来说养成一个好习惯很重要。Its quite important

12、_ us _ _ a good habit.Its quite important _ we _ a good habit6) 听到你没通过考试，我很难过。I am _ _ _ that you didnt pass the exam.7) 雷锋同志总是乐于助人。Comrade Lei Feng is always _ _ _ others.8) 你愿意嫁给一个穷人吗？Are you _ _ _ a poor man?9) 我太累了以至于不能再跑了。I was _ tired _ any further.10) 她年纪太小以至于还不能独自上学。She is _young _ go to sch

13、ool alone.11) The room is _(足够大) to hold 500 people.12) 我觉得有必要时常和朋友保持联系。I feel _ _ _ keep in touch with friends now and then.13) 我发现当一名老师很辛苦。I found _ _ _ be a teacher.14) He is tall. He can reach the bottons of the elevator(电梯). （改为同义句）He is _ _ _ reach the bottons of the elevator.3. 易混副词精讲精练【考点一】

14、how long/ how soon/how often/how farhow long “多长时间”对“for+一段时间”或“since+时间点”提问 “it takes sb sometime to do sth”提问。how soon “多久以后”，就“in”引导的将来时间提问，对how soon问句也要用“in”引导的将来时间回答。how often“多长时间一次”，就频率提问，常用“every five years 或once/twice/three times a week”等短语回答。how far“多远”，就距离提问。-_ did you write to your frien

15、d?-once a week.-_ is it far from our school to the Center Park? -About an hours bus ride.-_ will the project be completed? - At least in two months.-_ are you staying in America? - For two years 【考点二】hard/hardlyhard adv. “猛烈地，辛苦地，努力地” adj. “困难的，坚硬的”hardly adv. “几乎不”表示否定意义Tom didnt know anything abou

16、t the paper, because he _got any time to read it at that moment.What was the weather like yesterday?- It was terrible. It rained so_that people could _go out.【考点三】sometime/sometimes/some time/ some timessometime 表示将来的“某个时候”sometimes “有时候”some time “一段时间”some times “倍数，次数”new students will come to ou

17、r school_ next week.it took me _ to finish reading the book.I often eat breakfast at home, but _ I skip it.Our school is _larger than theirs.“Where have you been? I have waited here for _” he said._he goes out for a walk with his daughter in the evening.巧计：分开是“_”， 相连时“_”，分开s是“_”，相连s是“_”【考点四】ago/befo

18、reago 表示表示以现在为起点的“以前”，用于一般过去时 before 指在过去或将来的某时刻“以前”或泛指“以前”-When did you have a meeting? - Three days _. I have never lost a book _.We must finish the work _Sunday.【考点五】already/yet/stillalready 表示某事已经发生，主要用于肯定句。用于疑问句时，表示出乎意料，惊讶等。yet 用于疑问句表示“已经”，用于否定句时表示“尚未，还没”still 表示某事仍然在进行，主要用于肯定句Would you like a

19、coffee? No thanks, I _ have one.They_ knew one another. There is no need to introduce each other.Its seven oclock in the afternoon, they are _ having a meeting.-“Have you finished your homework?”. -“ Not _ .”-“How are you going to get there?” -I dont know_.My parents were asleep. They have slept for

20、 a long time.【考点六】very/muchvery 修饰形容词或副词原形much 修饰形容词或副词的比较级，修饰动词是要用much 或very muchI very like English. (错)I like Engligh very much. (对)I like learning English _.She said she was _ better than before.The car is _nice.【考点七】so.that/suchthat/adj.+enough to do sthso 修饰形容词或副词， 形容词后若有一个单数的名词，其结构为：so +adj.

21、+ a/an + n.such 修饰名词，名词前面可以有形容词作定语, 其结构为： such + a/an + adj.+ n.如果可数名词复数前面有 many, few 或者不可数名词前有 much, little 等表示数量多少时，则用so 而不用much巧记：名词such, 形副so, 多多少少还用soMiss Zhao got _ little money a month.I am afraid that hell fail the test he missed _ many lesson.Can you imagine that _little ants can carry_many

22、 big worms(虫子)?Have you ever seen _ a big panda before?She is _kind a teacher.enough adj. & adv. 足够(的)There is _ (足够的食物)for everyone to eat.The room is _(足够大) for five people to live in.【考点八】now，just与just now的区别now：与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用，意为“现在”just：与现在完成时连用，表示“刚”just now：和过去时连用，表示“刚才”Where does he liv

23、e_？We have _ seen the film. He was here_. 【考点九】fast /quickly /soon 的区别. fast 表示速度之快 quickly表示动作之快 soon表示时间之快 Im leaving home this afternoon . Really ? Why so _? A.fast B.soon C.quickly D.early 【考点十】also，too，as well与either 的区别also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either

24、用于否定句中，置于句末。例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is _a teacher.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher _.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，_.I cant speak French Jenny cant speak French，_.注意副词词义的不同. 形容词和副词同形的副词表示具体情况， 而加ly的副词往往表示抽象的概念。high-highlywide-widelydeep-deeplyclose-close

25、lyEnglish is _(wide) used around the world. He opened the door _(wide)People speak _(high) of Zhang Yimous films. The kite is flying _(high) in the clear blue sky.He stood _(近) against the wall.The two families were _ (紧密地) connected by marriage.The hole is five meters _(deep)Nancy is my _ (亲密的)fire

26、nd, and she sits_(近)to me. 两种形式的副词意义完全不同late-latelyhard-hardlyjust-justlymost-mostlyHe got home very _(他很晚才到家)。I have reieved two letters from him _.(最近我收到了他两封信)He works very_every day.(他每天工作很努力)He spoke so fast that I could _ follow him.(他说的太快以至于我几乎没听明白他的话)You are a _unusual person.(你是一个非常不寻常的人)My

27、classmates are_older than I. (我的同学大多数都比我大).程度副词含义差别非常，十分，相当much, very, so, quite, rather稍微，一点a little, a bit太。much too, terribly, badly足够地enough几乎，差不多，大多数nearly, almost, mostly几乎不，根本不（表否定）hardly, not at all小练习：单项选择1. Susan enjoys a cup of tea at times，but _she drinks coffeeA. mostly B almost Cnearly

28、 Dmost2. Zhou Feng has 1earned English for many years，but he can _understand the English speakers.A. hardly B certainlyCalways Dalmost3. Alice _eats meat so that she can keep herself from getting too fatA. rarely B. always Cnearly Dcarefully4. -Can you understand me?- Sorry, I can_ understand you.A.

29、 hardly B. almost Cnearly Dcarefully5. The poor man has _ no money. So he cant afford it.A. any B. little Cnearly Dalmost 【语法过关练习】1. -Yeah, too _work makes me tired.A. littleB. many C. much2. -What are going to give your mother for her birthday? -Im not sure. But Ill buy her _.A. something specialB.

30、 anything specialC. special anythingD. special something3. Why are you so_ _? Because our ping-pong player Wang Liqin has won the world championship.Aexcited BexcitingCbored Dboring4. It is _ to work out this problem. You neednt go to the teacher. A. enough easy B. easily enough C. easy enough D. ve

31、ry easily5. Remember to e-mail meAll of us hope to hear from you_.A. quickly B soon Cfast Dquick 6. Unluckily，Mr. Brown drove so _that his car crashed into a tree yesterday eveningA. careless B. carefulCcarefully Dcarelessly 7. The two friends were_ pleased to see each other that they talked on and

32、on happily in the park.A. too B. so Cquite Dmuch8. These pears taste_ and sell _.Awell, good Bwell, wellCgood, well Dgood, good9. Nothing in the world is _if you put your heart into it. A. impossible B. important C. interesting D. necessary10. It s too late to go out now and_, its starting to rain.A

33、. though B. besides C. however D. instead11. Carl felt _because he won the first prize in the school singing competition.A. interested B. proud C. angry D. worried12. I feel _to have a friend like him. He always helps me out when I am in trouble.A. luckily B. happy C. sorryD. happily13. Jin Yong is

34、one of the greatest and oldest_ writersHe is still_.A1iving；alive B1iving；1ivingCalive；living Dalive；alive14. The case was _heavy for me to carry，so I pulled it up the stairs and into my flatA. quite B. so C. very D. too15. We all love Miss YangShe always makes her history class very_. Ainterest Bin

35、terestsCinteresting Dinterested16. What do you think of the lecture(演讲)of Li Yangs Crazy English? I think its_，but someone thinks its much too_. Awonderful enough；boredBenough wonderful；boring Cwonderful enough；boringDenough wonderful；bored17. Everything is _ at night markets . You dont need a lot o

36、f money to have a good time. A. cheap B. bad C. tired D. dear 18.-The ticket said that the famous singer would come here this evening. - Yes. Its really _that he didnt. A. wrong B. sorry C. strange D. surprised 19. The boss didnt like James because he was not _learning new things. A. afraid of B. wo

37、rried about C. tired of D. good at 20.-Li Lei did very well in the English exam. -Oh , yeah ! He is _ English. A. weak in B. angry with C. good at D. afraid of 21.-How are you getting on with your work? -I cant do it _ any longer; Ill have to get help. A. lonely B. quietly C. alone D. hard 22. The f

38、ood not only looks nice but also smells_. A. good B. well C. lovely D. delicious 23.-Why dont you ask Tom to do it? -I dont know whether he is_ to. He sometimes makes things worse. A. possible B. able C. afraid D. easy 24.- How many members are there on the team? - Eight this term. But there will be

39、 ten_ next term. I m not quite sure. A. at all B. at last C. at least D. at once 25.-Is this physics problem_? -Yes. I can work it out_. A. easy, easily B. easy, easy C. easily, easy D. easily, easily 26. -How far is it from your home to your school? -Its a quarters walk, _. A. here and there B. now and then C